A report on 2008 Tibetan unrest

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Orange refers to Tibet's original land boundaries, subdivided into provinces by China and designated as Tibetan (and other ethnic minorities) autonomous areas.
Tibet Autonomous Region
Gansu Province
Qinghai Province
Sichuan Province
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Sign from 2008 Olympic protests
Tibetans arrested by Chinese authorities. The signs list their crime and their name.

Series of protests and demonstrations over the Chinese government's treatment and persecution of Tibetans.

- 2008 Tibetan unrest
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Tsarong Dazang Dramdul and several Tibetan monks captured by the PLA during the uprising

1959 Tibetan uprising

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Reached in 1951.

Reached in 1951.

Tsarong Dazang Dramdul and several Tibetan monks captured by the PLA during the uprising
The 14th Dalai Lama in 1956
17 March 1959: Thousands of Tibetan women surround the Potala Palace, the main residence of the Dalai Lama, to protest against Chinese rule and repression in Lhasa, Tibet. Hours later, fighting broke out and the Dalai Lama was forced to flee to safety in India. Photograph: AP
The Jokhang, on whose roof the last Tibetan rebels had placed machine guns to defend themselves against the PLA

According to Warren W. Smith, this move was a "counter-propaganda" celebration following the 10 March 2008 unrest in Tibet.

Map of the approximate extent of the three provinces, Ü-Tsang, Amdo, and Kham, of the Tibetan Empire (8th century) overlaid on a map of modern borders.

Tibet

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Region in East Asia covering much of the Tibetan Plateau spanning about 2500000 km2.

Region in East Asia covering much of the Tibetan Plateau spanning about 2500000 km2.

Map of the approximate extent of the three provinces, Ü-Tsang, Amdo, and Kham, of the Tibetan Empire (8th century) overlaid on a map of modern borders.
Ethnolinguistic map of Tibet (1967)
Tibetan family in Kham attending a horse festival
Rishabhanatha, the first Tirthankara of Jainism is considered to have attained nirvana near Mount Kailash in Tibet in Jain tradition.
King Songtsen Gampo
Map of the Tibetan Empire at its greatest extent between the 780s and the 790s CE
Miran fort
The Mongol Yuan dynasty, c. 1294.
Gyantse Fortress
Potala Palace
Putuo Zongcheng Temple, a Buddhist temple complex in Chengde, Hebei, built between 1767 and 1771. The temple was modeled after the Potala Palace.
Edmund Geer during the 1938–1939 German expedition to Tibet
Rogyapas, an outcast group, early 20th century. Their hereditary occupation included disposal of corpses and leather work.
A poster saying "Thank you India. 50 years in Exile." Manali. 2010
Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas above 1600 m – topography. Tibet is often called the "roof of the world".
Himalayas, on the southern rim of the Tibetan plateau
View over Lhasa. 1993
Yarlung Tsangpo River
Yamdrok Lake
Basum Tso in Gongbo'gyamda County, eastern Tibet
Looking across the square at Jokhang temple, Lhasa
The Tibetan yak is an integral part of Tibetan life
Pastoral nomads constitute about 40% of the ethnic Tibetan population.
Tromzikhang market in Lhasa
Tibetan Lamanis, c. 1905
An elderly Tibetan woman in Lhasa
Tibetan cultural zone
Buddhist monks practicing debate in Drepung Monastery
The Phugtal Monastery in south-east Zanskar
The Lhasa Great Mosque
A Ceremonial Priest's Yak Bone Apron - Courtesy the Wovensouls Collection
The Monlam Prayer Festival
Thukpa with Momo – Tibetan Style
A thangka painting in Sikkim
A ritual box
Monkhood in Tibet, Xigatse area, August 2005

Human rights organisations have been critical of the Beijing and Lhasa governments' approach to human rights in the region when cracking down on separatist convulsions that have occurred around monasteries and cities, most recently in the 2008 Tibetan unrest.

The Dalai Lama in 2012

14th Dalai Lama

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Current Dalai Lama, the highest spiritual leader and former head of state of Tibet.

Current Dalai Lama, the highest spiritual leader and former head of state of Tibet.

The Dalai Lama in 2012
The Dalai Lama as a child
House where the 14th Dalai Lama was born in Taktser, Amdo
Lhasa's Potala Palace, today a UNESCO World Heritage Site, pictured in 2019
Territorial extent of Tibet and approximate line of the Chinese Communist advance in 1950
An iconic photo showing Panchen Lama (left), Mao and Dalai Lama (right) at Qinzheng Hall on 11 September 1954, four days before they attended the 1st National People's Congress.
Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai meeting with Dalai Lama and Panchen Lama to celebrate Tibetan New Year, 1955
Rare shot of an adult Dalai Lama (right) and Panchen Lama (left) without eyeglasses. 1954–1955.
Abandoned former quarters of the Dalai Lama at the Potala. The empty vestment placed on the throne symbolises his absence
In 1967, Dalai Lama was out of India for the first time since he resided there from 1959. The Japanese government granted him visa on the condition he would not attack PRC while in Japan.
The flag of Tibet (designed by the 13th Dalai Lama) shares the stage with Gyatso on 10 April 2010 in Zurich, Switzerland
Gyatso during a visit to Washington, D.C. in 1997
Gyatso giving teachings at Sissu, Lahaul
The Dalai Lama's main teaching room at Dharamshala
Dalai Lama conferring Kalachakra initiation at Bodh Gaya, India, December 1985
Overview of teaching venue at Bodh Gaya Kalachakra, 1985
Remains of Dalai Lama's Baby Austin car. Lhasa, 1993
Remains of Dalai Lama's Dodge car. Lhasa, 1993
The Dalai Lama in Vienna, Austria, in 2012
Stone Plaque at a plantation by Tenzin in Amaravathi
The Dalai Lama meeting with U.S. President Barack Obama in 2016
Buddhist temple in Kalmykia, Russia
The Dalai Lama meeting with Congressional leaders Nancy Pelosi and John Boehner in 2011
The Congressional Gold Medal was awarded to Tenzin Gyatso in 2007
The Dalai Lama receiving a Congressional Gold Medal in 2007. From left: Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Nancy Pelosi, Senate President pro tempore Robert Byrd and U.S. President George W. Bush

In October 2008 in Japan, the Dalai Lama addressed the 2008 Tibetan violence that had erupted and that the Chinese government accused him of fomenting.

Flag of Tibet

Protests and uprisings in Tibet since 1950

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Flag of Tibet
2013 screen shot of Ratuk Ngawang in Special Frontier Force uniform from video of Voice of America's Kunleng Tibetan program interview about Chushi Gangdruk or Four Rivers, Six Ranges Tibetan resistance force and its role in the safe passage of the 14th Dalai Lama to India.
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Chushi Gangdruk flag
Andrug Gompo Tashi commonly known as "Gonpo Tashi" Andrugtsang before 1959
Each year of the 1960s, the CIA provided the Tibetan government-in-exile with $1.7 million for guerrilla operations and $180,000 for cultural centers and international lobbying.
Congressional Gold Medal awarded to "Tenzin Gyatso the 14th Dalai Lama of Tibet". The back side quotes him, "World Peace Must Develop From Inner Peace. Peace Is Not The Absence Of Violence. Peace Is The Manifestation Of Human Compassion."
Pro-Tibetan protesters at Olympic Torch Relay London 2008
Pro-Chinese demonstration at Olympic Torch Relay in Calgary 2008
Tibetans protest in Pokhara, Nepal 2008
11th Panchen Lama, Gedhun Choekyi Nyima, forcibly disappeared on 17 May 1995, three days after being recognized on 14 May by the 14th Dalai Lama.

Protests and uprisings in Tibet against the government of the People's Republic of China have occurred since 1950, and include the 1959 uprising, the 2008 uprising, and the subsequent self-immolation protests.

The flag of Tibet is often used as a symbol of the Tibetan independence movement. It was introduced by the 13th Dalai Lama in the early 20th century and is currently used by the Tibetan Government in Exile in India.

Tibetan independence movement

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Political movement advocating for the separation and independence of Tibet from the People's Republic of China.

Political movement advocating for the separation and independence of Tibet from the People's Republic of China.

The flag of Tibet is often used as a symbol of the Tibetan independence movement. It was introduced by the 13th Dalai Lama in the early 20th century and is currently used by the Tibetan Government in Exile in India.
According to the 14th Dalai Lama, the CIA supported the Tibetan independence movement in the 1960's "not because they (the CIA) cared about Tibetan independence, but as part of their worldwide efforts to destabilize all communist governments".
Atrocities in Tibet sign. Manali
"Free Tibet" LED Banner at Bird's Nest, Beijing, 19 August 2008.
Pro-Tibetan protesters come into contact with pro-Chinese protesters in San Francisco

The main mosque in Lhasa was burned down by Tibetans and Chinese Hui Muslims were violently assaulted by Tibetan rioters in the 2008 Tibetan unrest.

Ganden Monastery

Ganden Monastery

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One of the "great three" Gelug university monasteries of Tibet.

One of the "great three" Gelug university monasteries of Tibet.

Ganden Monastery
Ganden Monastery in Mundgod
1985 photo of a portion of Ganden Monastery ruins (with some new buildings) destroyed by the People's Liberation Army in 1959, after Tibetan's March 10th Lhasa protest and the flight to exile of the 14th Dalai Lama of Tibet.
Part of Ganden Monastery, Tibet in 1921. Tsongkhapa's tomb is in the center left, close to it on the right with four large pillars is the Assembly Hall of the monastery, and the house where the Ganden Tripa lived and the Dalai Lama's apartments under gilt roofs.
Ganden monastery, 2013
Monks at Ganden monastery
Ganden monastery after repainting in November 2013
Ganden monastery, 2013

During the 2008 Tibetan uprising anniversary, Ganden Monastery monks participated in the mass demonstrations and protests which began on 10 March and spread throughout Tibet.

A halal meat store sign in Hankou, ca. 1934–1935.

Hui people

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East Asian ethnoreligious group predominantly composed of Chinese-speaking adherents of Islam.

East Asian ethnoreligious group predominantly composed of Chinese-speaking adherents of Islam.

A halal meat store sign in Hankou, ca. 1934–1935.
Halal (清真) restaurants offering Northwestern beef lamian can be found throughout the country
The minaret of the Dungan mosque in Karakol, Kyrgyzstan
Dungan mosque in Karakol, Kyrgyzstan
Muslim restaurant in Kunming, Yunnan
A halal (清真) shower house in Linxia City
A fence in Niujie with art depicting the minority ethnicities in China, including the Hui (回族)
Hui people praying in the Dongguan Mosque, Xining
An elderly Hui man.
Muslim restaurant in Xi'an
The Lhasa Great Mosque in Tibet
The Sufi mausoleum (gongbei) of Ma Laichi in Linxia City, China.
The Xianxian Mosque in Guangzhou
An ethnic Hui family celebrating Eid ul-Fitr in Ningxia.
Hui men praying in a mosque
Chiang Kai-shek, head of the Kuomintang with Muslim General Ma Fushou.
Ma Jiyuan, a Muslim General, at his wedding with Kuomintang flag.
Ma Bufang and Hui children in Egypt.
Ma Fuxiang
Chinese Generals pay tribute to the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum at the Temple of the Azure Clouds in Beijing after the success of the Northern Expedition. From right to left, are Generals Cheng Jin, Zhang Zuobao, Chen Diaoyuan, Chiang Kai-shek, Woo Tsin-hang, Wen Xishan, Ma Fuxiang, Ma Sida and Bai Chongxi. (6 July 1928)
Ma Hetian

In August 2008, the main mosque in Lhasa was burned down by Tibetans during the 2008 Tibetan unrest.

Tibetans and supporters protest against China for political prisoners at UN in NYC on March 10 Tibetan Uprising Day

Tibetan Uprising Day

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Tibetan Uprising Day, observed on March 10, commemorates the 1959 Tibetan uprising against the presence of the People's Republic of China in Tibet.

Tibetan Uprising Day, observed on March 10, commemorates the 1959 Tibetan uprising against the presence of the People's Republic of China in Tibet.

Tibetans and supporters protest against China for political prisoners at UN in NYC on March 10 Tibetan Uprising Day
Portland, protestors on Tibetan Uprising Day

In 2008, a series of riots and violent clashes broke out in the Tibetan city of Lhasa when monks were arrested during peaceful demonstrations.

Monks assembled outside the Sera Me Tratsang college of Sera Monastery in India in December 2006.

Sera Monastery

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One of the "great three" Gelug university monasteries of Tibet, located 1.25 mi north of Lhasa and about 5 km north of the Jokhang.

One of the "great three" Gelug university monasteries of Tibet, located 1.25 mi north of Lhasa and about 5 km north of the Jokhang.

Monks assembled outside the Sera Me Tratsang college of Sera Monastery in India in December 2006.
Sera Monastery in 1938
Abbots of Sera Monastery, 1920-1921
Sera Monastery
Gilt images of a bodhisattva and lamas in Sera Monastery
Sera Monastery, 2008
Coqen Hall.
Images of deities in a Chapel in the Sera
Ngakpa Tratsang.
Je Tsongkhapa, who lived for some time as a hermit in Pabonka
Keutsang Hermitage
Ruins of 16 Arhats of Keutsang or Keutsang East Hermitage, destroyed after 1959
Purbuchok Hermitage
Rakhadrak Hermitage
Sera Utsé Hermitage
Chubzang Nunnery
Monks practicing their debating skills following afternoon meditation, Sera Monastery
Debating monks at Sera Monastery
Young monks printing scriptures. Sera Monastery, 1993
Kitchen at Sera Monastery, 1993
thumb|Cooking at Sera Monastery, Lhasa. 1993
Monks in an intense debating session
Sera Utsé Hermitage
Woodblocks for printing, Sera monastery in Tibet, 2013
thumb|Old Chorten at Sera, 1993]

The reason for this decline is attributed to the 2008 Tibetan unrest.

Xinhua News Agency

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Official state press agency of the People's Republic of China.

Official state press agency of the People's Republic of China.

Xinhua headquarters office in Beijing 39.89876°N, 116.36523°W
Building of Red China News Agency in 1937
Xinhua News Agency's overseas flagship digital billboard was inaugurated on Times Square, at the heart of Manhattan, New York City in 2010.
Bureau in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Xinhua has criticized perceived foreign media bias and inaccurate reporting, citing an incident during the 2008 Tibetan unrest when media outlets used scenes of Nepalese police arresting Tibetan protesters as evidence of Chinese state brutality with commentary from CNN 's Jack Cafferty calling the Chinese "goons and thugs".