A report on Cyrillic script and Alphabet

Example of the Cyrillic script. Excerpt from the manuscript "Bdinski Zbornik". Written in 1360.
Charles Morton's 1759 updated version of Edward Bernard's "Orbis eruditi", comparing all known alphabets as of 1689
Cyrillic Script Monument in Antarctica
A Specimen of typeset fonts and languages, by William Caslon, letter founder; from the 1728 Cyclopaedia
View of the cave monastery near the village of Krepcha, Opaka Municipality in Bulgaria. Here is found the oldest Cyrillic inscription, dated 921.
A specimen of Proto-Sinaitic script, one of the earliest (if not the very first) phonemic scripts
A page from Азбука (Букварь) (ABC (Reader)), the first Russian language textbook, printed by Ivan Fyodorov in 1574. This page features the Cyrillic alphabet.
Illustration from Acta Eruditorum, 1741
A page from the Church Slavonic Grammar of Meletius Smotrytsky (1619)
Codex Zographensis in the Glagolitic alphabet from Medieval Bulgaria
Letters Ge, De, I, I kratkoye, Me, Te, Tse, Be and Ve in upright (printed) and cursive (handwritten) variants. (Top is set in Georgia font, bottom in Odessa Script.)
Zhuyin on a cell phone
75px
460px
75px
Ge'ez Script of Ethiopia and Eritrea
Alternate variants of lowercase (cursive) Cyrillic letters: Б/б, Д/д, Г/г, И/и, П/п, Т/т, Ш/ш. 
Default Russian (Eastern) forms on the left.
Alternate Bulgarian (Western) upright forms in the middle. 
Alternate Serbian/Macedonian (Southern) italic forms on the right.
See also: 
Cyrillic cursive.svg Special Cyrillics BGDPT.svg
A Venn diagram showing the Greek (left), Cyrillic (bottom) and Latin (right) alphabets, which share many of the same letters, although they have different pronunciations
Old Georgian alphabet inscription on monastery gate
Terracotta jar (probably inkwell) with abecedarium of the Etruscan alphabet, 630–620 BC

The first fully phonemic script, the Proto-Canaanite script, later known as the Phoenician alphabet, is considered to be the first alphabet and is the ancestor of most modern alphabets, including Arabic, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Latin, and possibly Brahmic.

- Alphabet

The new script became the basis of alphabets used in various languages in Orthodox Church-dominated Eastern Europe, both Slavic and non-Slavic (such as Romanian).

- Cyrillic script
Example of the Cyrillic script. Excerpt from the manuscript "Bdinski Zbornik". Written in 1360.

6 related topics with Alpha

Overall

De chalcographiae inventione (1541, Mainz) with the 23 letters. J, U and W are missing.

Latin script

2 links

De chalcographiae inventione (1541, Mainz) with the 23 letters. J, U and W are missing.
Jeton from Nuremberg, c. 1553
The distribution of the Latin script. The dark green areas show the countries where the Latin script is the sole main script. Light green shows countries where Latin co-exists with other scripts. Latin-script alphabets are sometimes extensively used in areas coloured grey due to the use of unofficial second languages, such as French in Algeria and English in Egypt, and to Latin transliteration of the official script, such as pinyin in China.
The letter with an acute diacritic

The Latin script, also known as Roman script, is an alphabetic writing system based on the letters of the classical Latin alphabet, derived from a form of the Cumaean Greek version of the Greek alphabet used by the Etruscans.

The speakers of East Slavic languages generally adopted Cyrillic along with Orthodox Christianity.

Dipylon inscription, one of the oldest known samples of the use of the Greek alphabet, c. 740 BC

Greek alphabet

1 links

The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th or early 8th century BCE.

The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th or early 8th century BCE.

Dipylon inscription, one of the oldest known samples of the use of the Greek alphabet, c. 740 BC
Early Greek alphabet on pottery in the National Archaeological Museum of Athens
Distribution of "green", "red" and "blue" alphabet types, after Kirchhoff.
x12px
A 16th-century edition of the New Testament (Gospel of John), printed in a renaissance typeface by Claude Garamond
Theocritus Idyll 1, lines 12–14, in script with abbreviations and ligatures from a caption in an illustrated edition of Theocritus. Lodewijk Caspar Valckenaer: Carmina bucolica, Leiden 1779.
The earliest Etruscan abecedarium, from Marsiliana d'Albegna, still almost identical with contemporaneous archaic Greek alphabets
A page from the Codex Argenteus, a 6th-century Bible manuscript in Gothic
18th-century title page of a book printed in Karamanli Turkish

It is derived from the earlier Phoenician alphabet, and was the earliest known alphabetic script to have distinct letters for vowels as well as consonants.

The Greek alphabet is the ancestor of the Latin and Cyrillic scripts.

A page from the Zograf Codex with text of the Gospel of Luke

Glagolitic script

1 links

A page from the Zograf Codex with text of the Gospel of Luke
The Baška tablet, found in the 19th century on Krk, conventionally dated to about 1100.
The first page of the Gospel of Mark from the 10th–11th century Codex Zographensis, found in the Zograf Monastery in 1843.
The first page of the Gospel of John from the Codex Zographensis.
In a book printed in 1591, Angelo Rocca attributed the Glagolitic script to Saint Jerome.
Glagolitic script in the Zagreb Cathedral
The last Glagolitic entry in the baptismal register of the Omišalj parish on the island of Krk by the parishioner Nicholas in 1817.
The Lord's Prayer shown in (from left) round, angular, and cursive versions of Glagolitic script.

The Glagolitic script (,, glagolitsa) is the oldest known Slavic alphabet.

Both the Glagolitic and Cyrillic alphabets were used until 13th-14th century in Bulgaria.

Chinese characters (hànzì, 漢字) are morpho-syllabic. Each one represents a syllable with a distinct meaning, but some characters may have multiple meanings or pronunciations

Writing system

1 links

Method of visually representing verbal communication, based on a script and a set of rules regulating its use.

Method of visually representing verbal communication, based on a script and a set of rules regulating its use.

Chinese characters (hànzì, 漢字) are morpho-syllabic. Each one represents a syllable with a distinct meaning, but some characters may have multiple meanings or pronunciations
A Specimen of typefaces and styles, by William Caslon, letter founder; from the 1728 Cyclopaedia
Comparative evolution from pictograms to abstract shapes, in Mesopotamian cuneiforms, Egyptian hieroglyphs and Chinese characters.
Table of scripts in the introduction to Sanskrit-English Dictionary by Monier Monier-Williams
This textbook for Puyi shows the English alphabet. Although the English letters run from left to right, the Chinese explanations run from top to bottom then right to left, as traditionally written
Early Chinese character for sun (ri), 1200 B.C
Modern Chinese character (ri) meaning "day" or "Sun"
A bilingual stop sign in English and the Cherokee syllabary in Tahlequah, Oklahoma
A Bible printed with Balinese script
An overview of the writing directions used in the world

Writing systems can be placed into broad categories such as alphabets, syllabaries, or logographies, although any particular system may have attributes of more than one category.

complete (alphabet), e.g. Greco-Latin, Cyrillic

"Saints Cyril and Methodius holding the Cyrillic alphabet," a mural by Bulgarian iconographer Z. Zograf, 1848, Troyan Monastery

Cyril and Methodius

1 links

Cyril (born Constantine, 826–869) and Methodius (815–885) were two brothers and Byzantine Christian theologians and missionaries.

Cyril (born Constantine, 826–869) and Methodius (815–885) were two brothers and Byzantine Christian theologians and missionaries.

"Saints Cyril and Methodius holding the Cyrillic alphabet," a mural by Bulgarian iconographer Z. Zograf, 1848, Troyan Monastery
Cyril and Methodius, painting by Jan Matejko, 1885
Saints Cyril and Methodius in Rome. Fresco in San Clemente
Saint Cyril and Methodius by Stanislav Dospevski, Bulgarian painter
The Baška tablet is an early example of the Glagolitic from Croatia
A cartoon about Saints Cyril and Methodius from Bulgaria in 1938. The caption reads : Brother Cyril, go tell those who are inside to learn the alphabet so they know freedom (свобода) and anarchy (слободия) are not the same.
Saints Cyril and Methodius procession
Basilica of St.Cyril and Methodius in Moravian Velehrad, Czech Republic
Cross Procession in Khanty-Mansiysk on Saints Cyril and Methodius Day in May 2006
Inauguration of the monument to Saints Cyril and Methodius in Saratov on Slavonic Literature and Culture Day
Thessaloniki - monument of the two Saints gift from the Bulgarian Orthodox Church
Bulgaria - Statue of the two Saints in front of the SS. Cyril and Methodius National Library in Sofia
Bulgaria - Statue of the two Saints in front of the National Palace of Culture in Sofia
North Macedonia - The monument in Ohrid
North Macedonia - Statue of Cyril and Methodius near the Stone Bridge in Skopje
Czech Republic - Statue of Saints Cyril and Methodius at the Charles Bridge in Prague
Czech Republic - Saints Cyril and Methodius monument in Mikulčice
Czech Republic - Statue of Saint Methodius at the Holy Trinity Column in Olomouc in Moravia
Ukraine - The monument in Kiev
Russia - the monument in Khanty-Mansiysk
Serbia - the monument to Saints Cyril and Methodius in Belgrade
Opening of Cyril and Methodius monument in Donetsk
Statue, Saints Cyril and Methodius, Třebíč, Czech Republic

There they and scholar Saint Clement of Ohrid devised the Cyrillic script on the basis of the Glagolitic.

The Glagolitic and Cyrillic alphabets are the oldest known Slavic alphabets, and were created by the two brothers and their students, to translate the Gospels and liturgical books into the Slavic languages.

Handwritten alphabet for Ukrainian, in one of the nineteenth-century orthographies. From Taras Shevchenko's Bukvar’ Yuzhnorusskii (South-Russian Primer), 1861.

Ukrainian alphabet

0 links

Handwritten alphabet for Ukrainian, in one of the nineteenth-century orthographies. From Taras Shevchenko's Bukvar’ Yuzhnorusskii (South-Russian Primer), 1861.
Ukrainian letters Г, Д, И, Й, М, Т, and Ц in printed versus handwritten form

The Ukrainian alphabet is the set of letters used to write Ukrainian, which is the official language of Ukraine.

It is one of several national variations of the Cyrillic script.