A report on Ammonia

Ball-and-stick model of the diamminesilver(I) cation, [Ag(NH3)2]+
Ball-and-stick model of the tetraamminediaquacopper(II) cation, [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2](2+)
Jabir ibn Hayyan
This high-pressure reactor was built in 1921 by BASF in Ludwigshafen and was re-erected on the premises of the University of Karlsruhe in Germany.
A train carrying Anhydrous Ammonia.
Liquid ammonia bottle
Household ammonia
Ammoniacal Gas Engine Streetcar in New Orleans drawn by Alfred Waud in 1871.
The X-15 aircraft used ammonia as one component fuel of its rocket engine
Anti-meth sign on tank of anhydrous ammonia, Otley, Iowa. Anhydrous ammonia is a common farm fertilizer that is also a critical ingredient in making methamphetamine. In 2005, Iowa used grant money to give out thousands of locks to prevent criminals from getting into the tanks.
The world's longest ammonia pipeline (roughly 2400 km long), running from the TogliattiAzot plant in Russia to Odessa in Ukraine
Hydrochloric acid sample releasing HCl fumes, which are reacting with ammonia fumes to produce a white smoke of ammonium chloride.
Production trend of ammonia between 1947 and 2007
Main symptoms of hyperammonemia (ammonia reaching toxic concentrations).
Ammonia occurs in the atmospheres of the outer giant planets such as Jupiter (0.026% ammonia), Saturn (0.012% ammonia), and in the atmospheres and ices of Uranus and Neptune.

Compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3.

- Ammonia
Ball-and-stick model of the diamminesilver(I) cation, [Ag(NH3)2]+

159 related topics with Alpha

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Removal of cyanide from cassava in Nigeria.

Cyanide

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Chemical compound that contains a C≡N functional group.

Chemical compound that contains a C≡N functional group.

Removal of cyanide from cassava in Nigeria.

The principal process used to manufacture cyanides is the Andrussow process in which gaseous hydrogen cyanide is produced from methane and ammonia in the presence of oxygen and a platinum catalyst.

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Ethanolamine

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Organic chemical compound with the formula or.

Organic chemical compound with the formula or.

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Ethanolamine is a colorless, viscous liquid with an odor reminiscent of ammonia.

Qualitative reaction coordinate for inversion of an amine and a phosphine. The y-axis is energy.

Pyramidal inversion

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Qualitative reaction coordinate for inversion of an amine and a phosphine. The y-axis is energy.
Nitrogen inversion Davies 2006
rigid Tröger's base scaffold prevents nitrogen inversion

In chemistry, pyramidal inversion is a fluxional process in compounds with a pyramidal molecule, such as ammonia (NH3) "turns inside out".

(S)-Alanine (left) and (R)-alanine (right) in zwitterionic form at neutral pH

Alanine

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An α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

An α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

(S)-Alanine (left) and (R)-alanine (right) in zwitterionic form at neutral pH

Alanine was first synthesized in 1850 when Adolph Strecker combined acetaldehyde and ammonia with hydrogen cyanide.

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Ethylene oxide

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Organic compound with the formula.

Organic compound with the formula.

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Condensed ethylene oxide
Global industrial use of ethylene oxide in 2007.

Ethylene oxide reacts with ammonia forming a mixture of mono-, di- and tri- ethanolamines.

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Strecker amino acid synthesis

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Mechanism of the Strecker-Synthesis, part 1.
Mechanism of the Strecker Synthesis.
Catalytic Asymmetric Strecker Synthesis.

The Strecker amino acid synthesis, also known simply as the Strecker synthesis, is a method for the synthesis of amino acids by the reaction of an aldehyde with ammonia in the presence of potassium cyanide.

Sample of human urine

Urine

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Liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and in many other animals.

Liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and in many other animals.

Sample of human urine
The chemical structure of urea
Urine under the microscope
Medical experts have long connected urine colour with certain medical conditions. A medieval chart showing the medical implications of different urine color
A Doctor Examining Urine. Trophime Bigot.
Urine of pregnant women in the first trimester is collected by a company which purifies the fertility hormone hCG from it (Ede, the Netherlands)
Urine after four months of storage, ready to be used in gardening activities (note the colour and turbidity change compared to fresh human urine).
Fresh human urine after excretion
Medieval Welsh text from the Red Book of Hergest on uroscopy, called Ansoddau’r Trwnc (the Qualities of Urine). Opening lines (translated): Since it is through the qualities of the urine that a person's faults and his dangers and his diseases and his illness can be identified...
Image of two facing pages of the illuminated manuscript of "Isagoge", fols. 42b and 43a. On the top of the left hand page is an illuminated letter "D" - initial of "De urinarum differencia negocium" (The matter of the differences of urines). Inside the letter is a picture of a master on bench pointing at a raised flask while lecturing on the "Book on urines" of Theophilus. The right hand page is only shown in part. On its very bottom is an illuminated letter "U" - initial of "Urina ergo est colamentum sanguinis" (Urine is the filtrate of the blood). Inside the letter is a picture of a master holding up a flask while explaining the diagnostic significance of urine to a student or a patient. HMD Collection, MS E 78.
Dark urine due to low fluid intake.
Dark red urine due to blood (hematuria).
Dark red urine due to choluria.
Pinkish urine due to consumption of beetroots.
Green urine during long term infusion of the sedative propofol.

Sometime after leaving the body, urine may acquire a strong "fish-like" odor because of contamination with bacteria that break down urea into ammonia.

Block flow diagram of the ammonia synthesis process

Ammonia production

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Block flow diagram of the ammonia synthesis process
Illustrating inputs and outputs of steam reforming of natural gas, a process to produce hydrogen
Illustrating inputs and outputs of methane pyrolysis, a process to produce hydrogen.
Illustrating inputs and outputs of simple electrolysis of water, for production of hydrogen.
The Process to make ammonia from coal

Ammonia is one of the most highly produced inorganic chemicals.

Solutions obtained by dissolution of lithium in liquid ammonia. The solution at the top has a dark blue color and the lower one a golden color. The colors are characteristic of solvated electrons at electronically insulating and metallic concentrations, respectively.

Solvated electron

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Free electron in a solution, and is the smallest possible anion.

Free electron in a solution, and is the smallest possible anion.

Solutions obtained by dissolution of lithium in liquid ammonia. The solution at the top has a dark blue color and the lower one a golden color. The colors are characteristic of solvated electrons at electronically insulating and metallic concentrations, respectively.

For alkali metals in liquid ammonia, the solution is blue when dilute and copper-colored when more concentrated (> 3 molar).

Sal ammoniac crystals from a mine in Eisden, Maasmechelen, Limburg, Belgium (field of vision: 1.5 cm)

Salammoniac

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Rare naturally occurring mineral composed of ammonium chloride, NH4Cl.

Rare naturally occurring mineral composed of ammonium chloride, NH4Cl.

Sal ammoniac crystals from a mine in Eisden, Maasmechelen, Limburg, Belgium (field of vision: 1.5 cm)
Sal ammoniac crystal from Ravat Village, Tajikistan. One of many unusual sal ammoniac crystal specimens found in the area of Ravat Village, near Yaghnob River, where the crystals have grown in a feather-like or three-dimensional arborescent. Size: miniature, 3.3 x 1.4 x 1.4 cm

In any case, that salt ultimately gave ammonia and ammonium compounds their name.