Ammonia

Ball-and-stick model of the diamminesilver(I) cation, [Ag(NH3)2]+
Ball-and-stick model of the tetraamminediaquacopper(II) cation, [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2](2+)
Jabir ibn Hayyan
This high-pressure reactor was built in 1921 by BASF in Ludwigshafen and was re-erected on the premises of the University of Karlsruhe in Germany.
A train carrying Anhydrous Ammonia.
Liquid ammonia bottle
Household ammonia
Ammoniacal Gas Engine Streetcar in New Orleans drawn by Alfred Waud in 1871.
The X-15 aircraft used ammonia as one component fuel of its rocket engine
Anti-meth sign on tank of anhydrous ammonia, Otley, Iowa. Anhydrous ammonia is a common farm fertilizer that is also a critical ingredient in making methamphetamine. In 2005, Iowa used grant money to give out thousands of locks to prevent criminals from getting into the tanks.
The world's longest ammonia pipeline (roughly 2400 km long), running from the TogliattiAzot plant in Russia to Odessa in Ukraine
Hydrochloric acid sample releasing HCl fumes, which are reacting with ammonia fumes to produce a white smoke of ammonium chloride.
Production trend of ammonia between 1947 and 2007
Main symptoms of hyperammonemia (ammonia reaching toxic concentrations).
Ammonia occurs in the atmospheres of the outer giant planets such as Jupiter (0.026% ammonia), Saturn (0.012% ammonia), and in the atmospheres and ices of Uranus and Neptune.

Compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3.

- Ammonia
Ball-and-stick model of the diamminesilver(I) cation, [Ag(NH3)2]+

156 related topics

Alpha
Sodium chloride is a famous binary phase. It features two elements: Na and Cl.

Pnictogen hydride

Pnictogen hydrides or hydrogen pnictides are binary compounds of hydrogen with pnictogen ( or ; from "to choke" and -gen, "generator") atoms (elements of group 15: nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth) covalently bonded to hydrogen.

Pnictogen hydrides or hydrogen pnictides are binary compounds of hydrogen with pnictogen ( or ; from "to choke" and -gen, "generator") atoms (elements of group 15: nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth) covalently bonded to hydrogen.

Sodium chloride is a famous binary phase. It features two elements: Na and Cl.

Unlike other hydrides such as hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen fluoride, which form acidic aqueous solutions, ammonia dissolves in water to make ammonium hydroxide which is basic (by forming a hydroxide ion as opposed to hydronium).

Structure of the polymeric [Ca(H2O)6]2+ center in hydrated calcium chloride, illustrating the high coordination number typical for calcium complexes.

Calcium

Chemical element with the symbol Ca and atomic number 20.

Chemical element with the symbol Ca and atomic number 20.

Structure of the polymeric [Ca(H2O)6]2+ center in hydrated calcium chloride, illustrating the high coordination number typical for calcium complexes.
One of the 'Ain Ghazal Statues, made from lime plaster
Travertine terraces in Pamukkale, Turkey

Like strontium and barium, as well as the alkali metals and the divalent lanthanides europium and ytterbium, calcium metal dissolves directly in liquid ammonia to give a dark blue solution.

The Solar System's four giant planets against the Sun, to scale

Giant planet

The giant planets constitute a diverse type of planet much larger than Earth.

The giant planets constitute a diverse type of planet much larger than Earth.

The Solar System's four giant planets against the Sun, to scale
Relative masses of the giant planets of the outer Solar System
These cut-aways illustrate interior models of the giant planets. Jupiter is shown with a rocky core overlaid by a deep layer of metallic hydrogen.
Saturn's north polar vortex
An artist's conception of 79 Ceti b, the first extrasolar giant planet found with a minimum mass less than Saturn.
Comparison of sizes of planets of a given mass with different compositions

The principal components are hydrogen and helium in the case of Jupiter and Saturn, and water, ammonia and methane in the case of Uranus and Neptune.

Cobalt complex HCo(CO)4 with five ligands

Ligand

Ion or molecule that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex.

Ion or molecule that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex.

Cobalt complex HCo(CO)4 with five ligands
Metal–EDTA complex, wherein the aminocarboxylate is a hexadentate (chelating) ligand.
Cobalt(III) complex containing six ammonia ligands, which are monodentate. The chloride is not a ligand.
The N-heterocyclic carbene ligand called IMes is a bulky ligand by virtue of the pair of mesityl groups.

Thus, the halides and pseudohalides are important anionic ligands whereas ammonia, carbon monoxide, and water are particularly common charge-neutral ligands.

Oxidized dendritic strontium

Strontium

Chemical element with the symbol Sr and atomic number 38.

Chemical element with the symbol Sr and atomic number 38.

Oxidized dendritic strontium
Flame test for strontium
The mineral celestine (SrSO4)
Strontium producers in 2014
Cathode ray tube (CRT) display made from strontium and barium oxide-containing glass. This application used to consume most of the world's production of strontium.
Strontium salts are added to fireworks in order to create red colors
RTGs from Soviet-era lighthouses

Like calcium and barium, as well as the alkali metals and the divalent lanthanides europium and ytterbium, strontium metal dissolves directly in liquid ammonia to give a dark blue solution of solvated electrons.

Pictured in natural color approaching equinox, photographed by Cassini in July 2008; the dot in the bottom left corner is Titan

Saturn

Sixth planet from the Sun and the second-largest in the Solar System, after Jupiter.

Sixth planet from the Sun and the second-largest in the Solar System, after Jupiter.

Pictured in natural color approaching equinox, photographed by Cassini in July 2008; the dot in the bottom left corner is Titan
The symbol for Saturn in late Classical (4th & 5th c.) and medieval Byzantine (11th c.) manuscripts, derives from (kappa-rho).
♄
Composite image comparing the sizes of Saturn and Earth
Diagram of Saturn, to scale
Methane bands circle Saturn. The moon Dione hangs below the rings to the right.
A global storm girdles the planet in 2011. The storm passes around the planet, such that the storm's head (bright area) passes its tail.
Saturn and rings as viewed by the Cassini spacecraft (28 October 2016)
A montage of Saturn and its principal moons (Dione, Tethys, Mimas, Enceladus, Rhea and Titan; Iapetus not shown). This image was created from photographs taken in November 1980 by the Voyager 1 spacecraft.
Possible beginning of a new moon (white dot) of Saturn (image taken by Cassini on 15 April 2013)
Galileo Galilei observed the rings of Saturn in 1610, but was unable to determine what they were
Robert Hooke noted the shadows (a and b) cast by both the globe and the rings on each other in this drawing of Saturn in 1666.
Pioneer 11 image of Saturn
At Enceladus's south pole geysers spray water from many locations along the tiger stripes.
Amateur telescopic view of Saturn
Simulated appearance of Saturn as seen from Earth (at opposition) during an orbit of Saturn, 2001–2029
Saturn eclipses the Sun, as seen from Cassini. The rings are visible, including the F Ring.
orientation of its rings
HST Saturn portrait from 20 June 2019
Farewell to Saturn and moons (Enceladus, Epimetheus, Janus, Mimas, Pandora and Prometheus), by Cassini (21 November 2017).

Saturn has a pale yellow hue due to ammonia crystals in its upper atmosphere.

(S)-Alanine (left) and (R)-alanine (right) in zwitterionic form at neutral pH

Alanine

An α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

An α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

(S)-Alanine (left) and (R)-alanine (right) in zwitterionic form at neutral pH

Alanine was first synthesized in 1850 when Adolph Strecker combined acetaldehyde and ammonia with hydrogen cyanide.

Ammonia

Hyperammonemia

Ammonia

Hyperammonemia is a metabolic disturbance characterised by an excess of ammonia in the blood.

A DuPont refrigerant

Refrigerant

Working fluid used in the refrigeration cycle of air conditioning systems and heat pumps where in most cases they undergo a repeated phase transition from a liquid to a gas and back again.

Working fluid used in the refrigeration cycle of air conditioning systems and heat pumps where in most cases they undergo a repeated phase transition from a liquid to a gas and back again.

A DuPont refrigerant
The observed stabilization of HCFC concentrations (left graphs) and the growth of HFCs (right graphs) in earth's atmosphere.
R407C pressure-enthalpy diagram, isotherms between the two saturation lines

The first air conditioners and refrigerators employed toxic or flammable gases, such as ammonia, sulfur dioxide, methyl chloride, or propane, that could result in fatal accidents when they leaked.

Fritz Haber, c. 1919

Fritz Haber

Fritz Haber, c. 1919
Clara Immerwahr
The grave of Fritz and Clara Haber (née Immerwahr) in the Hörnli graveyard of Basel, Switzerland

Fritz Haber (9 December 1868 – 29 January 1934) was a German chemist who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1918 for his invention of the Haber–Bosch process, a method used in industry to synthesize ammonia from nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas.