A report on Amnesia and Anterograde amnesia
In neurology, anterograde amnesia is a loss of the ability to create new memories after the event that caused amnesia, leading to a partial or complete inability to recall the recent past, while long-term memories from before the event remain intact.
- Anterograde amnesiaThere are two main types of amnesia: retrograde amnesia and anterograde amnesia.
- Amnesia9 related topics with Alpha
Long-term memory
5 linksStage of the Atkinson–Shiffrin memory model in which informative knowledge is held indefinitely.
Stage of the Atkinson–Shiffrin memory model in which informative knowledge is held indefinitely.
Research by Meulemans and Van der Linden (2003) found that amnesiac patients with damage to the medial temporal lobe performed more poorly on explicit learning tests than did healthy controls.
His subsequent total anterograde amnesia and partial retrograde amnesia provided the first evidence for the localization of memory function, and further clarified the differences between declarative and procedural memory.
Hippocampus
4 linksMajor component of the brain of humans and other vertebrates.
Major component of the brain of humans and other vertebrates.
People with extensive, bilateral hippocampal damage may experience anterograde amnesia: the inability to form and retain new memories.
It is apparent that complete amnesia occurs only when both the hippocampus and the parahippocampus are damaged.
Retrograde amnesia
3 linksLoss of memory-access to events that occurred or information that was learned in the past.
Loss of memory-access to events that occurred or information that was learned in the past.
This would resemble generic amnesia.
Anterograde amnesia is a similar condition that deals with the inability to form new memories following the onset of an injury or disease.
Temporal lobe
3 linksOne of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the brain of mammals.
One of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the brain of mammals.
The medial temporal lobes include the hippocampi, which are essential for memory storage, therefore damage to this area can result in impairment in new memory formation leading to permanent or temporary anterograde amnesia.
Amnesia, Korsakoff syndrome, Klüver–Bucy syndrome
Episodic memory
3 linksMemory of everyday events that can be explicitly stated or conjured.
Memory of everyday events that can be explicitly stated or conjured.
For example, anterograde amnesia, from damage of the medial temporal lobe, is an impairment of declarative memory that affects both episodic and semantic memory operations.
The label "amnesia" is most often given to patients with deficits in episodic memory.
Short-term memory
1 linksCapacity for holding a small amount of information in an active, readily available state for a short interval.
Capacity for holding a small amount of information in an active, readily available state for a short interval.
One form of evidence cited in favor of the existence of a short-term store comes from anterograde amnesia, the inability to learn new facts and episodes.
Patients with this form of amnesia have an intact ability to retain small amounts of information over short time scales (up to 30 seconds) but have little ability to form longer-term memories (illustrated by patient HM).
Korsakoff syndrome
1 linksKorsakoff syndrome (KS) is a disorder of the central nervous system characterized by amnesia, deficits in explicit memory, and confabulation.
1) anterograde amnesia, memory loss for events after the onset of the syndrome
Blackout (drug-related amnesia)
0 linksPhenomenon caused by the intake of any substance or medication in which short-term and long-term memory creation is impaired, therefore causing a complete inability to recall the past.
Phenomenon caused by the intake of any substance or medication in which short-term and long-term memory creation is impaired, therefore causing a complete inability to recall the past.
Blackouts are frequently described as having effects similar to that of anterograde amnesia, in which the subject cannot recall any events after the event that caused amnesia.
Benzodiazepine
0 linksFusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring.
Fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring.
High doses of many shorter-acting benzodiazepines may also cause anterograde amnesia and dissociation.
Benzodiazepines are effective as medication given a couple of hours before surgery to relieve anxiety. They also produce amnesia, which can be useful, as patients may not remember unpleasantness from the procedure. They are also used in patients with dental phobia as well as some ophthalmic procedures like refractive surgery; although such use is controversial and only recommended for those who are very anxious. Midazolam is the most commonly prescribed for this use because of its strong sedative actions and fast recovery time, as well as its water solubility, which reduces pain upon injection. Diazepam and lorazepam are sometimes used. Lorazepam has particularly marked amnesic properties that may make it more effective when amnesia is the desired effect.