A report on Municipalities of the Netherlands, Amsterdam, Rotterdam and Netherlands

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The Oude Kerk was consecrated in 1306 AD.
Map of Rotterdam by Willem and Joan Blaeu (1652)
The name of the historic County of Holland is currently used as a pars pro toto for the Netherlands.
Amsterdam citizens celebrating the Peace of Münster, 30 January 1648. Painting by Bartholomeus van der Helst
The Delftsevaart, c. 1890–1905
Courtyard of the Amsterdam Stock Exchange by Emanuel de Witte, 1653. The Amsterdam Stock Exchange was the first stock exchange to introduce continuous trade in the early 17th century.
Nieuwe Markt, 1915
Oak figurine found in Willemstad (4500 BC)
View of Vijzelstraat looking towards the Muntplein, 1891
Rotterdam centre after the 1940 bombing of Rotterdam. The ruined St. Lawrence' Church has been restored
Photochrom of Amsterdam's Dam Square at the beginning of the 20th century
Tower blocks in the Kop van Zuid neighbourhood
The rebuilt Magere Brug, around 1938.
Topographic map image of Rotterdam (city), as of September 2014
The Rhine frontier around 70 AD
People celebrating the liberation of the Netherlands at the end of World War II on 8 May 1945
Satellite image of Rotterdam and its port
Franks, Frisians and Saxons (710s AD) with Traiecturm and Dorestad in the middle
The 17th-century Canals of Amsterdam were listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 2010, contributing to Amsterdam's fame as the "Venice of the North". Along with De Wallen, the canals are the focal-point for tourists in the city.
The 24 municipalities of the Rotterdam The Hague Metropolitan Area
Frankish expansion (481 to 870 AD)
Satellite picture of Amsterdam and North Sea Canal
Gebouw Delftse Poort, one of the tallest office buildings in the Netherlands
Rorik of Dorestad, Viking ruler of Friesland (romantic 1912 depiction)
Topographic map of Amsterdam
Unmanned vehicles handle containers at Europe Container Terminals (ECT), the largest container terminal operator in Europe.
A Medieval Tombe of the Brabantian knight Arnold van der Sluijs
Large-scale map of the city centre of Amsterdam, including sightseeing markers,.
The Waalhaven by night
Map of the Habsburg dominions. From 1556 the dynasty's lands in the Low Countries were retained by the Spanish Habsburgs.
Nieuwendammerdijk en Buiksloterdijk, Amsterdam-Noord, winter 2010
Bronze statue of Erasmus created by Hendrick de Keyser in 1622
The Spanish Fury at Maastricht, 1579
The Westerkerk in the Centrum borough, one of Amsterdam's best-known churches
Rotterdam waterfront, with spotlights shining into the air to commemorate the Rotterdam Blitz
Dutch East India Company factory in Hugli-Chuchura, Mughal Bengal by Hendrik van Schuylenburgh, 1665
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City decor for the Eurovision Song Contest 2021
Winter landscape with skaters near the city of Kampen by Hendrick Avercamp (1620s)
A 1538 painting by Cornelis Anthonisz showing a bird's-eye view of Amsterdam. The famous Grachtengordel had not yet been established.
Windmill Kralingse Bos
Amsterdam's Dam Square in 1656
Rokin – November 1977
Dakpark Rotterdam
Map of the Dutch colonial empire. Light green: territories administered by or originating from territories administered by the Dutch East India Company; dark green: the Dutch West India Company. In yellow are the territories occupied later, during the 19th century.
Herengracht
The Wilhelmina pier at the Kop van Zuid in the distance. A part of Rotterdam with many skyscrapers and high-rises. On the left the Erasmus Bridge can be seen.
The submission of Diponegoro to General De Kock at the end of the Java War in 1830. Painting by Nicolaas Pieneman
Prinsengracht
The Cube Houses, popularly known as the Blaak-forest in 2014
Rotterdam after German air raids in 1940
The Egelantiersgracht lies west of the Grachtengordel, in the Jordaan neighbourhood.
The Markthal at night as seen from the Binnenrotte, Rotterdam center.
Former Prime Ministers Wim Kok, Dries van Agt, Piet de Jong, Ruud Lubbers and Jan Peter Balkenende with Prime Minister Mark Rutte, in 2011
The Scheepvaarthuis, by architects Johan van der Mey, Michel de Klerk, Piet Kramer is characteristic of the architecture of the Amsterdam School.
The Euromast in 2005.
Relief map of the European Netherlands
The Begijnhof is one of the oldest hofjes in Amsterdam.
The former headquarters of the Holland America Line next to modern residential architecture in 2010
The Christmas flood of 1717 was the result of a northwesterly storm that resulted in the death of thousands.
The Openbare Bibliotheek Amsterdam and Conservatorium van Amsterdam, two examples of 21st-century architecture in the centre of the city
Erasmus Bridge in 2011
Map illustrating areas of the Netherlands below sea level
The Amsterdam Stock Exchange, the oldest stock exchange in the world
Robin van Persie began his career with SBV Excelsior and broke through in Feyenoord.
A polder at 5.53 metres below sea level
The Zuidas, the city's main business district
De Kuip, Feyenoord home stadium.
The Delta Works are located in the provinces of South Holland and Zeeland.
Boats give tours of the city, such as this one in front of the EYE Film Institute Netherlands.
Runners during the marathon in Rotterdam
Common seals on Terschelling, a Wadden Sea island
Spiegelgracht
Arthur Ashe at the 1975 ABN World Tennis Tournament
Underwater life of Klein Bonaire
De Wallen, Amsterdam's Red-light district, offers activities such as legal prostitution and a number of coffee shops that sell cannabis. It is one of the main tourist attractions.
Bep van Klaveren
The Binnenhof, where the lower and upper houses of the States General meet
An Amsterdammer waits for a traffic light to change at the Muntplein in the heart of Amsterdam.
Francisco Elson
De Wallen, Amsterdam's red-light district, offers activities such as legal prostitution and a number of coffeeshops that sell marijuana, symbolising the Dutch political culture and tradition of tolerance.
The Rijksmuseum houses Rembrandt's The Night Watch.
Rotterdam's new Central Station reopened in March 2014, designed to handle up to 320,000 passengers daily.
The Netherlands has a culture of respectful and friendly debate. From left to right, members of the House of Representatives Sander de Rouwe (CDA), Ineke van Gent (GL), Han ten Broeke (VVD), Kees Verhoeven (D66) and Farshad Bashir (SP), 2010
The Van Gogh Museum houses the world's largest collection of Van Gogh's paintings and letters.
Map of the 2020 Rotterdam Metro
Provinces and territories of the Netherlands
The Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam is an international museum dedicated to modern and contemporary art and design.
Rotterdam metro
The Peace Palace (Vredespaleis), in The Hague
Rembrandt monument on Rembrandtplein
A Citadis tram outside the former Rotterdam Centraal, 2008
General Onno Eichelsheim is the current Chief of Defence.
Coldplay performing at the Amsterdam Arena, 2016
Water Taxi in Rotterdam
Zr. Ms. Holland, a Royal Netherlands Navy offshore patrol vessel
The Concertgebouw or Royal Concert Hall houses performances of the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra and other musical events.
Historical GDP per capita development (Our World in Data)
Stadsschouwburg, Amsterdam's best-known theatre
A proportional representation of Netherlands exports, 2019
One of the decorated boats participating in the 2013 Canal Parade of the Amsterdam Gay Pride
The Netherlands is part of a monetary union, the Eurozone (dark blue), and the EU single market.
AFC Ajax player Johan Cruyff, 1967
Natural gas concessions in the Netherlands. Today the Netherlands accounts for more than 25% of all natural gas reserves in the EU.
Femke Halsema has been the Mayor of Amsterdam since 2018.
The Groningen gas field whose discovery in 1959 transformed the Dutch economy, generating €159 billion in revenue since the mid-1970s.
Boroughs of Amsterdam
Cows near the city of Arnhem
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Population of the Netherlands from 1900 to 2000
Police headquarters of Amsterdam
Population pyramid of the Netherlands in 2017
King Willem-Alexander, Princess Beatrix, and Queen Máxima greeting Amsterdammers from the Royal Palace of Amsterdam during Willem-Alexanders inauguration in 2013
In Rotterdam almost half the population has an immigrant background.
A tram crossing the Keizersgracht
Population density in the Netherlands by municipality. The largest urban area, the Randstad is clearly visible along the west coast.
The Amsterdam Metro is a mixed subway and above ground rapid transit system consisting of five lines.
Knowledge of foreign languages in the Netherlands, in per cent of the population over the age of 15, in 2006
Amsterdam Centraal station, the city's main train station
An international primary school in The Hague
Amsterdam Airport Schiphol ranks as Europe's third-busiest airport for passenger traffic.
View on the Utrecht Science Park of Utrecht University. The building in the centre is the library.
Police bicyclist crossing a bridge over the Prinsengracht
Portrait of Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723), known as "the father of microbiology"
Bicyclist at Amsterdam
A public hospital in Amersfoort
The Agnietenkapel Gate at the University of Amsterdam, founded in 1632 as the Athenaeum Illustre
A1 motorway, in Gelderland
A regional train operated by Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS)
Bike passage at Rotterdam Centraal station
Some symbols and icons of Dutch culture
Carnival in North Brabant and Limburg
Dutch people in orange celebrating King's Day in Amsterdam, 2017
Pop singer Anouk in 2013
Johan Cruyff Arena, the largest Dutch concert venue
Dutch star football players Arjen Robben and Robin van Persie during a game with the Netherlands against Denmark at Euro 2012
New Amsterdam as it appeared in 1664. Under British rule it became known as New York.
Eustachius De Lannoy of the Dutch East India Company surrenders to Maharaja Marthanda Varma of the Indian Kingdom of Travancore after the Battle of Colachel. (Depiction at Padmanabhapuram Palace)
A Dutch doctor vaccinating Indonesian patients

As of 24 March 2022, there are 344 municipalities (gemeenten) and three special municipalities (bijzondere gemeenten) in the Netherlands.

- Municipalities of the Netherlands

Amsterdam (, , , lit. The Dam on the River Amstel) is the capital and most populous city of the Netherlands; with a population of 907,976 within the city proper, 1,558,755 in the urban area and 2,480,394 in the metropolitan area.

- Amsterdam

Rotterdam (, , , lit. The Dam on the River Rotte) is the second largest city and municipality in the Netherlands.

- Rotterdam

The four largest cities in the Netherlands are Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht.

- Netherlands

Amsterdam has the highest population with 893,783 residents, whereas The Hague is the most densely populated with a density of 6650 /km2.

- Municipalities of the Netherlands

Only Amsterdam, where the districts are called stadsdelen, as well as Rotterdam, where the districts are called deelgemeenten, consist of such formal subdivisions.

- Municipalities of the Netherlands

In contrast to those other metropolises, Amsterdam was also surrounded by large towns such as Leiden (about 67,000), Rotterdam (45,000), Haarlem (38,000) and Utrecht (30,000).

- Amsterdam

There is a healthy competition with Amsterdam, which is often viewed as the cultural capital of the Netherlands.

- Rotterdam

All provinces are divided into municipalities (gemeenten), of which there are 344 (2022).

- Netherlands
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Overall

The Hague

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The Binnenhof at the Hofvijver, 1625
Street in The Hague by Sybrand van Beest, c. 1650, Royal Castle in Warsaw
The Old City Hall of The Hague around 1900
The Ministry of Justice and Security building, opened in 2012
Detailed topographic map of The Hague, 2014
The Hague, divided into neighbourhoods
The Hofvijver and the buildings housing the States General of the Netherlands
View of the Hoftoren (left) and the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport (the triangular gable right)
The Hague City Hall
The Peace Palace houses the International Court of Justice and Permanent Court of Arbitration amongst other institutions.
International Criminal Court
Meeting in the Hall of Knights during the Congress of Europe (9 May 1948)
The Hague's central financial district, Beatrixkwartier, with the modern tram viaduct called the Netkous ("Fishnet stocking")
Cars Jeans Stadion
Modern RegioCitadis tram on route 2, Loosduinen, April 2012
Internal view of The Hague Central station
The Ridderzaal inside the Binnenhof, the political centre of the Netherlands
Monument commemorating the founding of the Kingdom of the Netherlands at Plein 1813
Noordeinde Palace
Grote of Sint-Jacobskerk

The Hague (Den Haag or 's‑Gravenhage ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea.

With a population of over half a million, it is the third-largest city in the Netherlands, after Amsterdam and Rotterdam.

Utrecht

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Willem Blaeu's 1652 map of Utrecht
The Dom Tower seen from Downtown Utrecht. The remaining section of the Cathedral of Saint Martin is not connected to the tower since the collapse of the nave in 1674 due to a storm.
Lambert de Hondt (II): The Surrender of Utrecht on 30 June 1672 to the French king Louis XIV, 1672, Centraal Museum Utrecht
Prince Maurits in Utrecht, 31 July 1618
People celebrating the liberation of Utrecht at the end of World War II on 7 May 1945
Zadelstraat
Contemporary map of Utrecht
Panorama
Oudegracht (the 'old canal') in central Utrecht
The Oudegracht in the 1890s
View of the Oudegracht from the Dom Tower
Aerial view of Utrecht from the Dom Tower
Utrecht Centraal railway station
'' (The Inkpot) with fake UFO
View on the Science Park campus of Utrecht University. The building in the centre is the library.
Miffy statue at the Nijntjepleintje in Utrecht
The Rietveld Schröder House from 1924
Caryatids at the Winkel van Sinkel
Prins Clausbrug across the Amsterdam-Rhine Canal
team pauses with their coach by the Muntbrug, a rotating bridge built in 1887.
Duitse Huis in April 1982
Birthplace of Pope Adrian VI

Utrecht is the fourth-largest city and a municipality of the Netherlands, capital and most populous city of the province of Utrecht.

It was the most important city in the Netherlands until the Dutch Golden Age, when it was surpassed by Amsterdam as the country's cultural centre and most populous city.

Like Rotterdam, Amsterdam, The Hague and other large Dutch cities, Utrecht faces some socio-economic problems.