A report on Animation

Nr. 10 in the reworked second series of Stampfer's stroboscopic discs published by Trentsensky & Vieweg in 1833.
A projecting praxinoscope, from 1882, here shown superimposing an animated figure on a separately projected background scene
Fantasmagorie (1908) by Émile Cohl
Italian-Argentine cartoonist Quirino Cristiani showing the cut and articulated figure of his satirical character El Peludo (based on President Yrigoyen) patented in 1916 for the realization of his films, including the world's first animated feature film El Apóstol.
An example of traditional animation, a horse animated by rotoscoping from Eadweard Muybridge's 19th-century photos.
A clay animation scene from a Finnish television commercial
A 2D animation of two circles joined by a chain
World of Color hydrotechnics at Disney California Adventure creates the illusion of motion using 1,200 fountains with high-definition projections on mist screens.

Method in which figures are manipulated to appear as moving images.

- Animation
Nr. 10 in the reworked second series of Stampfer's stroboscopic discs published by Trentsensky & Vieweg in 1833.

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Gertie driven to tears by her master

Gertie the Dinosaur

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Gertie driven to tears by her master
Winsor McCay was a pioneer in comic strips and animation (1906 photo).
McCay used registration marks in the corners of the drawings to reduce jittering.
Preparing the thousands of drawings for the film, from the film's introduction
Advertisements educated audiences about dinosaurs.
McCay sketches Gertie for his colleagues in a live-action sequence made for the film's theatrical release, at the American Museum of Natural History.
The Sinking of the Lusitania (1918) required 25,000 drawings to be made over two years, and was McCay's first film to use acetate cels.
A Gertie-like dinosaur appeared in In the Land of Wonderful Dreams on [[:File:Winsor McCay - Little Nemo - In the Land of Wonderful Dreams - 1913-09-21 - Flip in the Land of the Antediluvians.jpeg|September 21, 1913]].
Gertie's ice cream stand at Disney's Hollywood Studios

Gertie the Dinosaur is a 1914 animated short film by American cartoonist and animator Winsor McCay.

Ladislas Starevich

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Ladislas Starevich (Владисла́в Алекса́ндрович Старе́вич, Władysław Starewicz; August 8, 1882 – February 26, 1965) was a Polish-Russian stop-motion animator notable as the author of the first puppet-animated film The Beautiful Leukanida (1912).

Animated GIF of Prof. Stampfer's Stroboscopische Scheibe No. X (Trentsensky & Vieweg 1833)

Phenakistiscope

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Animated GIF of Prof. Stampfer's Stroboscopische Scheibe No. X (Trentsensky & Vieweg 1833)
A family viewing animations in a mirror through the slits of stroboscopic discs (detail of an illustration by E. Schule on the box label for Magic Disk - Disques Magiques, circa 1833)
A phenakistoscope (described in the display as a "Phantasmascope") with cards. On display in Bedford Museum, England.
Joseph Plateau's illustration in Corresp. Math. (1833)
A paper zoopraxiscope disc by Eadweard Muybridge (1893)
Re-animation from a paper zoopraxiscope disc
Animation of a Fantascope disc by Thomas Mann Baynes, 1833
La Cinémathèque française 1833
Library of Congress 1833
Library of Congress 1833
Library of Congress 1833
Library of Congress 1833
Library of Congress 1833
Library of Congress 1833
Cooper Hewitt 1833
Cooper Hewitt 1833
Cooper Hewitt 1833
Library of Congress 1833
Library of Congress 1833
Cooper Hewitt 1833
Library of Congress 1833
Library of Congress 1833
Library of Congress 1833
Library of Congress 1893
Library of Congress 1893
Library of Congress 1893
alt=|Library of Congress 1834

The phenakistiscope (also known by the spellings phénakisticope or phenakistoscope) was the first widespread animation device that created a fluent illusion of motion.

Title card from the first Superman animated short produced by Fleischer Studios.

Superman (1940s animated film series)

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The Fleischer Superman cartoons are a series of seventeen animated short films released in Technicolor by Paramount Pictures and based upon the comic book character Superman, making them his first animated appearance.

The Fleischer Superman cartoons are a series of seventeen animated short films released in Technicolor by Paramount Pictures and based upon the comic book character Superman, making them his first animated appearance.

Title card from the first Superman animated short produced by Fleischer Studios.
Japoteurs was the first Superman short to be produced by Famous Studios.
The robot's rampage in The Mechanical Monsters, influential to later animated works.

By mid-1941, brothers Max and Dave Fleischer were running their own animation studio in Miami, Florida, and had recently finished their first animated feature film, Gulliver's Travels.

Famous Studios

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Famous Studios (renamed Paramount Cartoon Studios in 1956) was the first animation division of the film studio Paramount Pictures from 1942 to 1967.

Theatrical release poster by John Alvin

The Lion King

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Theatrical release poster by John Alvin
A promotional image of the characters from the film. From left to right: Shenzi, Scar, Ed, Banzai, Rafiki, Young Simba, Mufasa, Young Nala, Sarabi, Zazu, Sarafina, Timon, and Pumbaa.
Screenshot from an early presentation reel of The Lion King that shows a white lion cub and a butterfly.
The alleged "SEX" frame.

The Lion King is a 1994 American animated musical drama film directed by Roger Allers and Rob Minkoff (in their feature directorial debuts); produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures.

Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio

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The in-house division of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer during the Golden Age of American animation.

The in-house division of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer during the Golden Age of American animation.

Active from 1937 until 1957, the studio was responsible for producing animated shorts to accompany MGM feature films in Loew's Theaters, which included popular cartoon characters Tom and Jerry, Droopy and Barney Bear.

Example of a modern cartoon. The text was excerpted by cartoonist Greg Williams from the Wikipedia article on Dr. Seuss.

Cartoon

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Example of a modern cartoon. The text was excerpted by cartoonist Greg Williams from the Wikipedia article on Dr. Seuss.
Christ's Charge to Peter, one of the Raphael Cartoons, c. 1516, a full-size cartoon design for a tapestry
John Leech, Substance and Shadow (1843), published as Cartoon, No. 1 in Punch, the first use of the word cartoon to refer to a satirical drawing
Nast depicts the Tweed Ring: "Who stole the people's money?" / "'Twas him."
An animated cartoon horse, drawn by rotoscoping from Eadweard Muybridge's 19th-century photos

A cartoon is a type of illustration that is typically drawn, sometimes animated, in an unrealistic or semi-realistic style.

Theatrical release poster

Mr. Bug Goes to Town

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Theatrical release poster

Mr. Bug Goes to Town (also known as Hoppity Goes to Town and Bugville) is a 1941 American animated Technicolor feature film produced by Fleischer Studios, previewed by Paramount Pictures on December 5, 1941, and released in California and New York City in February 1942.

Example of the beta movement effect

Beta movement

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Used for the optical illusion of apparent motion in which the very short projection of one figure and a subsequent very short projection of a more or less similar figure in a different location are experienced as one figure that moves.

Used for the optical illusion of apparent motion in which the very short projection of one figure and a subsequent very short projection of a more or less similar figure in a different location are experienced as one figure that moves.

Example of the beta movement effect
Canary Wharf news ticker
Demonstration of phi phenomenon using two black bars (SOA = 102 ms, ISI = −51 ms)

The illusion of motion caused by animation and film is sometimes believed to rely on beta movement, as an alternative to the older explanation known as persistence of vision.