A report on Anterograde amnesia and Memory consolidation
Systematic studies of anterograde amnesia started to emerge in the 1960s and 1970s.
- Memory consolidationThis suggests that memory consolidation for different types of memory takes place in different regions of the brain.
- Anterograde amnesia6 related topics with Alpha
Hippocampus
5 linksMajor component of the brain of humans and other vertebrates.
Major component of the brain of humans and other vertebrates.
The hippocampus is part of the limbic system, and plays important roles in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory, and in spatial memory that enables navigation.
People with extensive, bilateral hippocampal damage may experience anterograde amnesia: the inability to form and retain new memories.
Long-term memory
4 linksStage of the Atkinson–Shiffrin memory model in which informative knowledge is held indefinitely.
Stage of the Atkinson–Shiffrin memory model in which informative knowledge is held indefinitely.
Synaptic Consolidation is the process by which items are transferred from short-term to long-term memory.
His subsequent total anterograde amnesia and partial retrograde amnesia provided the first evidence for the localization of memory function, and further clarified the differences between declarative and procedural memory.
Explicit memory
4 linksOne of the two main types of long-term human memory, the other of which is implicit memory.
One of the two main types of long-term human memory, the other of which is implicit memory.
Specifically, sleep's unique properties enhance memory consolidation, such as the reactivation of newly learned memories during sleep.
Guy Pearce plays an ex-insurance investigator suffering from severe anterograde amnesia caused by a head injury.
Retrograde amnesia
3 linksLoss of memory-access to events that occurred or information that was learned in the past.
Loss of memory-access to events that occurred or information that was learned in the past.
Anterograde amnesia is a similar condition that deals with the inability to form new memories following the onset of an injury or disease.
The hippocampus deals largely with memory consolidation, where information from the working memory and short-term memory is encoded into long-term storage for future retrieval. Amnesic patients with damage to the hippocampus are able to demonstrate some degree of unimpaired semantic memory, despite a loss of episodic memory, due to spared parahippocampal cortex. In other words, retrograde amnesics "know" about information or skill, but cannot "remember" how they do.
Henry Molaison
3 linksAmerican who had a bilateral medial temporal lobectomy to surgically resect the anterior two thirds of his hippocampi, parahippocampal cortices, entorhinal cortices, piriform cortices, and amygdalae in an attempt to cure his epilepsy.
American who had a bilateral medial temporal lobectomy to surgically resect the anterior two thirds of his hippocampi, parahippocampal cortices, entorhinal cortices, piriform cortices, and amygdalae in an attempt to cure his epilepsy.
After the surgery, which was partially successful in controlling his seizures, Molaison developed severe anterograde amnesia: although his working memory and procedural memory were intact, he could not commit new events to his explicit memory.
Another contribution of Molaison to understanding of human memory regards the neural structures of the memory consolidation process, which is responsible for forming stable long-term memories (Eysenck & Keane, 2005).
Episodic memory
3 linksMemory of everyday events that can be explicitly stated or conjured.
Memory of everyday events that can be explicitly stated or conjured.
Others believe the hippocampus only stores episodic memories for a short time, after which the memories are consolidated to the neocortex.
For example, anterograde amnesia, from damage of the medial temporal lobe, is an impairment of declarative memory that affects both episodic and semantic memory operations.