A report on Anticonvulsant
Anticonvulsants (also known as antiepileptic drugs or recently as antiseizure drugs) are a diverse group of pharmacological agents used in the treatment of epileptic seizures.
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Epilepsy
10 linksGroup of non-communicable neurological disorders characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures.
Group of non-communicable neurological disorders characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures.
Identifying an epilepsy syndrome is useful as it helps determine the underlying causes as well as what anti-seizure medication should be tried.
Phenobarbital
8 linksMedication of the barbiturate type.
Medication of the barbiturate type.
Phenobarbital was discovered in 1912 and is the oldest still commonly used anti-seizure medication.
Carbamazepine
8 links
Carbamazepine (CBZ), sold under the trade name Tegretol among others, is an anticonvulsant medication used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and neuropathic pain.
Valproate
8 linksValproate (VPA) and its valproic acid, sodium valproate, and valproate semisodium forms are medications primarily used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder and prevent migraine headaches.
Valproate (VPA) and its valproic acid, sodium valproate, and valproate semisodium forms are medications primarily used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder and prevent migraine headaches.
Valproate has a broad spectrum of anticonvulsant activity, although it is primarily used as a first-line treatment for tonic–clonic seizures, absence seizures and myoclonic seizures and as a second-line treatment for partial seizures and infantile spasms.
Status epilepticus
8 linksSingle seizure lasting more than 5 minutes or 2 or more seizures within a 5-minute period without the person returning to normal between them.
Single seizure lasting more than 5 minutes or 2 or more seizures within a 5-minute period without the person returning to normal between them.
Insufficient dosage or sudden withdrawal of a medication (especially anticonvulsants)
Seizure
5 linksPeriod of symptoms due to abnormally excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.
Period of symptoms due to abnormally excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.
A first seizure generally does not require long-term treatment with anti-seizure medications unless a specific problem is found on electroencephalogram (EEG) or brain imaging.
Lorazepam
6 linksBenzodiazepine medication.
Benzodiazepine medication.
Lorazepam's anticonvulsant properties and pharmacokinetic profile make intravenous use reliable for terminating acute seizures, but induce prolonged sedation.
Bipolar disorder
5 linksMood disorder characterized by periods of depression and periods of abnormally-elevated happiness that last from days to weeks each.
Mood disorder characterized by periods of depression and periods of abnormally-elevated happiness that last from days to weeks each.
Mood stabilizers—lithium and certain anticonvulsants such as valproate and carbamazepine as well as atypical antipsychotics such as aripiprazole—are the mainstay of long-term pharmacologic relapse prevention.
Phenytoin
6 linksPhenytoin (PHT), sold under the brand name Dilantin among others, is an anti-seizure medication.
Primidone
3 linksBarbiturate medication that is used to treat partial and generalized seizures, as well as essential tremors.
Barbiturate medication that is used to treat partial and generalized seizures, as well as essential tremors.
Primidone is an anticonvulsant of the barbiturate class.