Psychopathy is strongly correlated with crime, violence, and antisocial behavior.
Hervey Cleckley, M.D.
Signs of Antisocial personality disorder.
From accidents such as the one of Phineas Gage, it is known that the prefrontal cortex plays an important role in moral behavior.
Dysfunction of the orbitofrontal cortex, among other areas, is implicated in the mechanism of psychopathy.
Psychoanalyst Walter C. Langer described Adolf Hitler as a "neurotic psychopath".

Hervey Milton Cleckley (September 7, 1903 – January 28, 1984) was an American psychiatrist and pioneer in the field of psychopathy.

- Hervey M. Cleckley

Hervey M. Cleckley, an American psychiatrist, influenced the initial diagnostic criteria for antisocial personality reaction/disturbance in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), as did American psychologist George E. Partridge.

- Psychopathy

The DSM and International Classification of Diseases (ICD) subsequently introduced the diagnoses of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and dissocial personality disorder (DPD) respectively, stating that these diagnoses have been referred to (or include what is referred to) as psychopathy or sociopathy.

- Psychopathy

The concept of psychopathy continues to be influential through forming parts of the diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder, the Psychopathy Checklist, and public perception.

- Hervey M. Cleckley

Both have also stated that their diagnoses have been referred to, or include what is referred to, as psychopathy or sociopathy.

- Antisocial personality disorder

American psychiatrist Hervey Cleckley's work on psychopathy formed the basis of the diagnostic criteria for ASPD, and the DSM states ASPD is often referred to as psychopathy.

- Antisocial personality disorder
Psychopathy is strongly correlated with crime, violence, and antisocial behavior.

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Psychopathy Checklist

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The Psychopathy Checklist or Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised, now the Psychopathy Checklist—revised (PCL-R), is a psychological assessment tool most commonly used to assess the presence of psychopathy in individuals—most often those institutionalized in the criminal justice system—and to differentiate them from those with antisocial personality disorder, a similar but distinct illness.

The PCL was originally developed in the 1970s by Canadian psychologist Robert D. Hare for use in psychology experiments, based partly on Hare's work with male offenders and forensic inmates in Vancouver, and partly on an influential clinical profile by American psychiatrist Hervey M. Cleckley first published in 1941.

Robert D. Hare

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Canadian forensic psychologist, known for his research in the field of criminal psychology.

Canadian forensic psychologist, known for his research in the field of criminal psychology.

Hare developed the Hare Psychopathy Checklist (PCL-Revised), used to assess cases of psychopathy.

His research led him to The Mask of Sanity by American psychiatrist Hervey M. Cleckley, which played a pivotal role in the concept of psychopathy he applied and developed.

He has also regarded the DSM-IV diagnosis of Antisocial Personality Disorder as separate to his concept of psychopathy, as it did not list the same underlying personality traits.