Armistice

Ratification of the Treaty of Münster, 1648
The announcing of the armistice on November 11, 1918 was the occasion for large celebrations in the Allied nations.
Armistice of Cassibile between Italians and Anglo-Americans (1943)
Delegates sign the Korean Armistice Agreement

Formal agreement of warring parties to stop fighting.

- Armistice

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Modus vivendi

Latin phrase that means "mode of living" or "way of life".

Armistices and instruments of surrender are intended to achieve a modus vivendi.

Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907

The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 are a series of international treaties and declarations negotiated at two international peace conferences at The Hague in the Netherlands.

The First Hague Conference in 1899: A meeting in the Orange Hall of Huis ten Bosch palace
The Second Hague Conference in 1907
Tsar Nicholas II of Russia
Commemorative medal of the 1907 convention
Theodore Roosevelt
Parties to Convention number IV: Convention respecting the laws and customs of war on land

The Lieber Code was the first official comprehensive codified law that set out regulations for behavior in times of martial law; protection of civilians and civilian property and punishment of transgression; deserters, prisoners of war, hostages, and pillaging; partisans; spies; truces and prisoner exchange; parole of former rebel troops; the conditions of any armistice, and respect for human life; assassination and murder of soldiers or citizens in hostile territory; and the status of individuals engaged in a state of civil war against the government.

Armistice of Cassibile

After the signing at Cassibile on 3 September 1943. From left to right: Kenneth Strong, Giuseppe Castellano, Walter Bedell Smith and Franco Montanari.
General Giuseppe Castellano

The Armistice of Cassibile was an armistice signed on 3 September 1943 and made public on 8 September between the Kingdom of Italy and the Allies during World War II, resulting in Italy joining the Allies and what the Germans believed to be the betrayal of Germany by Italy.

1949 Armistice Agreements

1955 United Nations map showing the Armistice Agreements, with original map reference points ("MR") on the Palestine grid referenced in the respective agreements.
Palestine Military Situation, April 6, 1949. Truman Papers
The Israeli delegation to the 1949 Armistice Agreements talks. Left to right: Commanders Yehoshafat Harkabi, Aryeh Simon, Yigael Yadin, and Yitzhak Rabin (1949)

The 1949 Armistice Agreements are a set of armistice agreements signed during 1949 between Israel and neighboring Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan, and Syria to formally end the official hostilities of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and establish armistice lines between Israeli forces and Jordanian-Iraqi forces, also known as the Green Line.

Armistice of 22 June 1940

Signed at 18:36 near Compiègne, France, by officials of Nazi Germany and the Third French Republic.

Adolf Hitler (hand on hip) looking at the statue of Ferdinand Foch before starting the negotiations for the armistice at Compiègne, France (21 June 1940)
Ferdinand Fochs railway car, at the same location as after World War I, prepared by the Germans for the second armistice at Compiègne, June 1940
Fall Rot in June exploited and sealed the stunning German success of Fall Gelb in May

Following the decisive German victory in the Battle of France (10 May – 21 June 1940) during World War II, this armistice established a German occupation zone in Northern and Western France that encompassed all English Channel and Atlantic Ocean ports and left the remainder "free" to be governed by the French.

Armistice of Villa Giusti

The Armistice of Villa Giusti or Padua ended warfare between Italy and Austria-Hungary on the Italian Front during World War I.

Nov 4, 1918, US media coverage of Austria-Hungary exiting WWI

The armistice was signed on 3 November 1918 in the Villa Giusti, outside Padua in the Veneto, Northern Italy, and took effect 24 hours later.

Ceasefire

Temporary stoppage of a war in which each side agrees with the other to suspend aggressive actions.

A truce – not a compromise, since a chance for high-toned gentlemen to retire gracefully from their very civil declarations of war. By Thomas Nast in Harper's Weekly, February 17, 1877, p. 132.
British and German officers after arranging the German handover of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp and the surrounding area, negotiated during a temporary truce, April 1945

A ceasefire is usually more limited than a broader armistice, which is a formal agreement to end fighting.

Korean Armistice Agreement

Delegates of both belligerent sides signing the Korean Armistice Agreement in Panmunjom, marking the beginning of the still-existing ceasefire between the two Koreas
The site of negotiations in 1951
The English text of Korean Armistice Agreement. Harrison's signature in the lower left corner.
Colonel-level discussions between the US and North Korean militaries on 11 October 1951
The building where the armistice was signed, now housing the North Korea Peace Museum
The Demilitarized Zone compared to the earlier 38th parallel de facto border
Depiction of a banner during a 1989 student festival in Pyongyang, prior to calls from North Korea to leave the agreement.

The Korean Armistice Agreement (한국정전협정 / 조선정전협정; ) is an armistice that brought about a complete cessation of hostilities of the Korean War.

Peace treaty

Agreement between two or more hostile parties, usually countries or governments, which formally ends a state of war between the parties.

The Treaty of Versailles, signed at the conclusion of World War I
The "Peace Memorial" about the Treaty of Nöteborg at the Orekhovy Island
Tablet of one of the earliest recorded treaties in history, Treaty of Kadesh, at the Istanbul Archaeology Museum
Peace-treaty of Zadar (1358), which ended the war between the Croato-Hungarian Kingdom and the Republic of Venice, forcing the latter to withdraw from Croatian coast

It is different from an armistice, which is an agreement to stop hostilities; a surrender, in which an army agrees to give up arms; or a ceasefire or truce, in which the parties may agree to temporarily or permanently stop fighting.

Armistice of 11 November 1918

Photograph taken after reaching agreement for the armistice that ended World War I. This is Ferdinand Foch's own railway carriage in the Forest of Compiègne. Foch's chief of staff Maxime Weygand is second from left. Third from the left is the senior British representative, Sir Rosslyn Wemyss. Foch is second from the right. On the right is Admiral Sir George Hope.
German prisoners of war captured near Amiens in late August 1918.
Hindenburg, Kaiser Wilhelm and Ludendorff in discussion at the General Headquarters in Pszczyna Castle.
The declaration of the Republic at the Reichstag building on 9 November.
The arrival of the German armistice delegates, 1918
Foch's personal headquarters carriage, "The Compiègne Wagon" in 1918.
Painting depicting the signature of the armistice in the railway carriage. Behind the table, from right to left, General Weygand, Marshal Foch (standing) and British Admiral Rosslyn Wemyss and fourth from the left, British Naval Captain Jack Marriott. In the foreground, Matthias Erzberger, Major General Detlof von Winterfeldt (with helmet), Alfred von Oberndorff and Ernst Vanselow.
Last page of the Armistice agreement
Front page of The New York Times on 11 November 1918
American soldiers of the 64th Regiment, part of the 7th Division, celebrate the news of the Armistice.
Gravestone of Henry N. Gunther in Baltimore
Commemorations at the Arc de Triomphe in Paris on 11 November 2018, in remembrance for the centenary of the end of the war.

The Armistice of 11 November 1918 was the armistice signed at Le Francport near Compiègne that ended fighting on land, sea and air in World War I between the Allies and their last remaining opponent, Germany.