A report on Ashoka, Madhya Pradesh and Jainism

A c. 1st century BCE/CE relief from Sanchi, showing Ashoka on his chariot, visiting the Nagas at Ramagrama.

The hand symbolizes Ahiṃsā, the wheel dharmachakra, the resolve to halt saṃsāra (transmigration).

Ashoka's Major Rock Edict at Junagadh contains inscriptions by Ashoka (fourteen of the Edicts of Ashoka), Rudradaman I and Skandagupta.

Physical map of Madhya Pradesh village Tumen Ashoknagar

Classification of Saṃsāri Jīvas (transmigrating souls) in Jainism

King Ashoka visits Ramagrama, to take relics of the Buddha from the Nagas, but in vain. Southern gateway, Stupa 1, Sanchi.

Matang was completely developed and manufactured by Vehicle Factory Jabalpur

Lord Neminatha, Akota Bronzes (7th century)

The Major Rock Edict No.13 of Ashoka, mentions the Greek kings Antiochus, Ptolemy, Antigonus, Magas and Alexander by name, as recipients of his teachings.

Jain miniature painting of 24 tirthankaras, Jaipur, c. 1850

The Aramaic Inscription of Taxila probably mentions Ashoka.

Jain temple painting explaining Anekantavada with Blind men and an elephant

The Saru Maru commemorative inscription seems to mention the presence of Ashoka in the area of Ujjain as he was still a Prince.

A Jain monk in meditation, wearing the characteristic white robe and face covering

Kanaganahalli inscribed panel portraying Asoka with Brahmi label "King Asoka", 1st–3rd century CE.

Mesolithic rock painting, Bhimbetka rock shelters, a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Nishidhi stone, depicting the vow of sallekhana, 14th century, Karnataka

Stupa of Sanchi. The central stupa was built during the Mauryas, and enlarged during the Sungas, but the decorative gateway is dated to the later dynasty of the Satavahanas.

Praying at the feet of a statue of Bahubali

Illustration of the original Mahabodhi Temple temple built by Asoka at Bodh Gaya. At the center, the Vajrasana, or "Enlightenment Throne of the Buddha", with its supporting columns, being the object of adoration. A Pillar of Ashoka topped by an elephant appears in the right corner. Bharhut relief, 1st century BCE.

Bateshwar temple complex, Padavli, Morena

Jain worship may include ritual offerings and recitals.

The rediscovered Vajrasana, or "Enlightenment Throne of the Buddha", at the Mahabodhi Temple in Bodh Gaya. It was built by Ashoka to commemorate the enlightenment of the Buddha, about two hundred years before him.

Celebrating Das Lakshana (Paryushana), Jain Center of America, New York City

Ashoka and Monk Moggaliputta-Tissa at the Third Buddhist Council. Nava Jetavana, Shravasti.

The birth of Mahavira, from the Kalpa Sūtra (c.1375–1400 CE)

A king - most probably Ashoka - with his two queens and three attendants, in a relief at Sanchi. The king's identification with Ashoka is suggested by a similar relief at Kanaganahalli, which bears his name.

Ashoka with his queen, at Kanaganahalli near Sannati, 1st–3rd century CE. The relief bears the inscription "Rāya Asoko" (𑀭𑀸𑀬 𑀅𑀲𑁄𑀓𑁄, "King Ashoka") in Brahmi script. It depicts the king with his queen, two attendants bearing fly-whisks, and one attendant bearing an umbrella.

Emperor Ashoka and his Queen at the Deer Park. Sanchi relief.

A symbol to represent the Jain community was chosen in 1975 as part of the commemoration of the 2,500th anniversary of Mahavira’s nirvana.

The word Upāsaka (𑀉𑀧𑀸𑀲𑀓, "Buddhist lay follower", in the Brahmi script), used by Ashoka in his Minor Rock Edict No.1 to describe his affiliation to Buddhism (circa 258 BCE).

Brahma statue with various deities at Amarkantak.

Rishabhdev, believed to have lived over 592.704×1018 years ago, is considered the traditional founder of Jainism.

Territories "conquered by the Dhamma" according to Major Rock Edict No.13 of Ashoka (260–218 BCE).

The ruins of Gori Jain temples in Nagarparkar, Pakistan, a pilgrimage site before 1947.

Distribution of the Edicts of Ashoka, and location of the contemporary Greek city of Ai-Khanoum.

The Kandahar Edict of Ashoka, a bilingual inscription (in Greek and Aramaic) by King Ashoka, discovered at Kandahar (National Museum of Afghanistan).

Langur monkey (Semnopithecus dussumieri), Orchha

The Minor Rock Edict of Maski mentions the author as "Devanampriya Asoka", definitively linking both names, and confirming Ashoka as the author of the famous Edicts.

Tigress with cubs in Kanha Tiger Reserve

A c. 1910 painting by Abanindranath Tagore (1871–1951) depicting Ashoka's queen standing in front of the railings of the Buddhist monument at Sanchi (Raisen district, Madhya Pradesh).

Tickell's blue flycatcher, Bandhavgarh National Park

The Ashokan pillar at Lumbini, Nepal, Buddha's birthplace

The Diamond throne at the Mahabodhi Temple, attributed to Ashoka

Male nilgais fighting, Lakeshwari, Gwalior district

Mauryan ringstone, with standing goddess. Northwest Pakistan. 3rd century BCE. British Museum

Saavira Kambada Basadi, Moodbidri, Karnataka

Rampurva bull capital, detail of the abacus, with two "flame palmettes" framing a lotus surrounded by small rosette flowers.

The River Narmada flows through a gorge of marble rocks in Bhedaghat, Jabalpur

Caduceus symbol on a Maurya-era punch-marked coin

The Shri Ram Ghat on the Shipra River in Ujjain

A punch-marked coin attributed to Ashoka<ref>{{cite book |last=Mitchiner |first=Michael |date=1978 |title=Oriental Coins & Their Values: The Ancient and Classical World 600 B.C. - A.D. 650 |publisher=Hawkins Publications |page=544 |isbn=978-0-9041731-6-1}}</ref>

Betwa in the Ashoknagar District of Madhya Pradesh

A Maurya-era silver coin of 1 karshapana, possibly from Ashoka's period, workshop of Mathura. Obverse: Symbols including a sun and an animal Reverse: Symbol Dimensions: 13.92 x 11.75 mm Weight: 3.4 g.

Bagh Print Traditional hand block print craft in Bagh.

A man playing flute in Orchha, with a white tilak on his forehead, and holy saffron-coloured clothes.

Sand sculpture by Sudarshan Pattnaik at Bandrabhan near Hoshangabad

Rajiv Gandhi Technical University's main gate

St. Aloysius Senior Secondary School, Jabalpur, established in the year 1868 is among the oldest schools in India

Ashoka the greatest of Mauryan rulers brought the region under firmer control.

- Madhya Pradesh

According to the census of 2011, 90.9% of residents followed Hinduism, while minorities are Muslim (6.6%), Jain (0.8%), Buddhists (0.3%), Christians (0.3%), and Sikhs (0.2%).

- Madhya Pradesh

This legend about Ashoka's search for a worthy teacher may be aimed at explaining why Ashoka did not adopt Jainism, another major contemporary faith that advocates non-violence and compassion.

- Ashoka

Sanchi, Madhya Pradesh, India

- Ashoka

Jain tradition states that Chandragupta Maurya (322–298 BCE), the founder of the Mauryan Empire and grandfather of Ashoka, became a monk and disciple of Jain ascetic Bhadrabahu in the later part of his life.

- Jainism

Jains form 0.37% of India's population, mostly in the states of Maharashtra (1.4 million in 2011, 31.46% of Indian Jains), Rajasthan (13.97%), Gujarat (13.02%) and Madhya Pradesh (12.74%).

- Jainism

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Gujarat

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State along the western coast of India.

A modern Zoroastrian Agiary in Western India

Bombay Presidency in 1909, northern portion

Mahatma Gandhi picking salt at Dandi beach, South Gujarat ending the Salt satyagraha on 5 April 1930

Swarnim Sankul 2, Office of Gujarat Government

Shown here is the Tata Nano, the world's least expensive car. Sanand, Gujarat, is home to Tata Nano.

Surat is one of the fastest growing cities in the world.

Astonfield's 11.5 MW solar plant in Gujarat

Hemchandra acharya with his disciple Kumarpal Raja. He is regarded as the father of the Gujarati language.

Depection of Shrimad Rajchandra writing Atmasiddhi in single sitting of 1.5 hrs, one of the longest Gujarati poetry based on Jain philosophy.

An Asiatic lion family, which occurs in and around Gir National Park

Striped hyena at the Gir Forest National Park

Indroda Dinosaur and Fossil Park, Gandhinagar

Statue of Unity facing the Sardar Sarovar Dam on the river Narmada in Kevadiya colony

A man in traditional costumes during Tarnetar fair

Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad

The Gujarat National Law University, Gandhinagar

Campus at Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, Gandhinagar

The clock tower in Gujarat University, Ahmedabad

Kala Bhavan, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda

The colourful Rann Utsav Festival is held annually in the Rann of Kutch.

People enjoying Raan Utsav at Dhordo, Kutch

Jama Masjid (Friday Mosque, 15th century), Ahmedabad

Statue of Mahatma Gandhi in Sabarmati Ashram, Ahmedabad

Muhammad ibn Qasim's conquest of Sindh (711-715 CE).
Desert areas (Registan Desert and Thar Desert)
Zunbils
Kingdom of Sindh (c. 632– 712 CE)
Maitraka Kingdom (c.475–c.776 CE)

It is bordered by Rajasthan to the northeast, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu to the south, Maharashtra to the southeast, Madhya Pradesh to the east, and the Arabian Sea and the Pakistani province of Sindh to the west.

Emperor Ashoka the Great, the grandson of Chandragupta Maurya, not only ordered his edicts engraved in the rock at Junagadh, but also asked Governor Tusherpha to cut canals from the lake where an earlier Indian governor had built a dam.

According to 2011 census, the religious makeup in Gujarat was 88.6% Hindu, 9.7% Muslim, 1.0% Jain, 0.5% Christian, 0.1% Sikh, 0.05% Buddhist and 0.03% others.