A report on Movie projector, Auguste and Louis Lumière and Max Skladanowsky

35 mm movie projector in operation
Auguste (left) and Louis (right)
Max and Emil Skladanowsky in front of a projection screen
Simulation of a spinning zoopraxiscope
Cinématographe Lumière at the Institut Lumière, France
1895 poster for Bioscop screenings
An early projector and seats from a movie theater
Tomb of the Lumière brothers in the New Guillotière Cemetery in Lyon
Max Skladanowsky (right) in 1934 with his brother Eugen and the Bioscop
1910's 35mm hand-cranked tinplate toy movie projector manufactured by Leonhard Müller in Nuremberg, Germany.
Lumière ou Projection privée (2010), by the French painter Arnaud Courlet de Vregille, displayed in l'Eden-Théâtre, the first cinema in the world, in La Ciotat.
35 mm Kinoton FP30ST movie projector, with parts labeled. (Click thumbnail for larger text.)
Lumières La Sortie de l'Usine Lumière à Lyon 1895
Mechanical sequence when image is shown twice and then advanced. Outer sprockets rotate continuously while the frame advance sprockets are controlled by the mechanism shown – a Geneva drive.
Cinématographe advertising poster with image from L'Arroseur arrosé
Imaging lens Diastar of an Askania 35 mm movie projector (focal length: 400 mm)
Autochrome colour picture by Jean-Baptiste Tournassoud of North-African soldiers, Oise, France, 1917.
Christie AW3 platter, BIG SKY Industries console, and Century SA projector
Their house in Lyon is now the Institut Lumière museum.
nonrewind in Royal – Malmö, Sweden
A diagram of the VistaVision format
A photo of a 35 mm film print featuring all four audio formats (or "quad track")- from left to right: SDDS (blue area to the left of the sprocket holes), Dolby Digital (grey area between the sprocket holes labelled with the Dolby "Double-D" logo in the middle), analog optical sound (the two white lines to the right of the sprocket holes), and the Datasat time code (the dashed line to the far right.)
Simulated wide screen image with 1.96 to 1 ratio as it would be seen in a camera viewfinder or on a theater screen
Simulated anamorphed image with 1.33 to 1 ratio (4:3) as it would appear on a frame of film

Their screening of a single film on 22 March 1895 for around 200 members of the "Society for the Development of the National Industry" in Paris was probably the first presentation of projected film.

- Auguste and Louis Lumière

Along with his brother Emil, he invented the Bioscop, an early movie projector the Skladanowsky brothers used to display the first moving picture show to a paying audience on 1 November 1895, shortly before the public debut of the Lumière Brothers' Cinématographe in Paris on 28 December 1895.

- Max Skladanowsky

Max and Emil Skladanowsky projected motion pictures with their Bioscop, a flickerfree duplex construction, from 1 to 31 November 1895.

- Movie projector

In Lyon, Louis and Auguste Lumière perfected the Cinématographe, a system that took, printed, and projected film.

- Movie projector

Max and Emil Skladanowsky, inventors of the Bioscop, had offered projected moving images to a paying public in Berlin from 1 November 1895 until the end of the month.

- Auguste and Louis Lumière
35 mm movie projector in operation

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Interior view of Kinetoscope with peephole viewer at top of cabinet

Kinetoscope

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Early motion-picture exhibition device.

Early motion-picture exhibition device.

Interior view of Kinetoscope with peephole viewer at top of cabinet
Sheet of images from one of the three Monkeyshines films (c. 1889–90) produced as tests of an early version of the Kinetoscope
An acre in size, Edison's exhibit at the Exposition Universelle included an entire electrical power station. (Smithsonian Institution/William J. Hammer Collection)
Charles Kayser of the Edison lab seated behind the Kinetograph. Portability was not among the camera's virtues.
35 mm filmstrip of the Edison production Butterfly Dance (c. 1894–95), featuring Annabelle Whitford Moore, in the format that would become standard for both still and motion picture photography around the world.
Construction of the imposing Black Maria began in December 1892. In order to take full advantage of sunlight, the tar paper–lined studio was equipped with a hinged, flip-up roof and the entire structure could rotate on a track. "It obeys no architectural rules," declared Dickson, who found it "productive of the happiest effects in the films."
A San Francisco Kinetoscope parlor, c. 1894–95.
Advertisement announcing the initial Kinetoscope exhibition in London, held on October 17, 1894.
The 1895 version of the Kinetophone in use, showing the earphones that lead to the cylinder phonograph within the cabinet
Reverse side of a kinetophone, showing a wax cylinder phonograph driven by a belt.
In the first decade of the 1900s, years before developing the compact Home Projecting Kinetoscope, Edison marketed an essentially theatrical 35 mm Projecting Kinetoscope for domestic use.
Image of a Projecting Kinetoscope published in 1914
Promotion of Kinetophone system, January 1913

The Kinetoscope was not a movie projector, but it introduced the basic approach that would become the standard for all cinematic projection before the advent of video.

In the summer of 1894, it was demonstrated at 20, boulevard Poissonnière in Paris; this was one of the primary inspirations to the Lumière brothers, who would go on to develop the first commercially successful movie projection system.

European inventors, most prominently the Lumières and Germany's Skladanowsky brothers, were moving forward with similar systems.