A report on Lahore and Aurangzeb

Aurangzeb holding a hawk in c. 1660
The Lava Temple at the Lahore Fort dates from the Sikh period, and is dedicated to the Hindu deity Lava
A painting from c. 1637 shows the brothers (left to right) Shah Shuja, Aurangzeb and Murad Baksh in their younger years.
The Data Darbar shrine, one of Pakistan's most important, was built to commemorate the patron saint of Lahore, Ali Hujwiri, who lived in the city during the Ghaznavid era in the 11th century.
The Mughal Army under the command of Aurangzeb recaptures Orchha in October 1635.
The Neevin Mosque is one of Lahore's few remaining medieval era buildings.
A painting from Padshahnama depicts Prince Aurangzeb facing a maddened war elephant named Sudhakar.
Grave of Nur Jahan
Sepoys loyal to the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb maintain their positions around the palace, at Aurangabad, in 1658.
Lahore's Wazir Khan Mosque is considered to be the most ornately decorated Mughal-era mosque.
Aurangzeb becomes emperor.
The Begum Shahi Mosque was completed in 1614 in honour of Jahangir's mother, Mariam-uz-Zamani.
Mughal Empire under Aurangzeb in early 18th century
The iconic Alamgiri Gate of the Lahore Fort was built in 1674, and faces Aurangzeb's Badshahi Mosque.
Aurangzeb compiled Hanafi law by introducing the Fatawa-e-Alamgiri.
Wazir Khan Mosque painting by William Carpenter, 1866.
Aurangzeb holding a flywhisk
The Sunehri Mosque was built in the Walled City of Lahore in the early 18th century, when the Mughal Empire was in decline.
Aurangzeb seated on a golden throne holding a Hawk in the Durbar. Standing before him is his son, Azam Shah.
The Tomb of Asif Khan was one of several monuments plundered for its precious building materials during the Sikh period.
Aurangzeb Receives Prince Mu'azzam. Chester Beatty Library
Lahore's Hazuri Bagh is at the centre of an ensemble of Mughal and Sikh era monuments, including the Badshahi Mosque, Lahore Fort, Roshnai Gate, and the Samadhi of Ranjit Singh.
Dagger (Khanjar) of Aurangzeb (Badshah Alamgir).
The marble Hazuri Bagh Baradari was built in 1818 to celebrate Ranjit Singh's acquisition of the Koh-i-Noor diamond.
Manuscript of the Quran, parts of which are believed to have been written in Aurangzeb's own hand.
Map of the Old City and environs.
The Birthday of the Grand Mogul Aurangzeb, made 1701–1708 by Johann Melchior Dinglinger.
The Shah Alami area of Lahore's Walled City in 1890
Josiah Child requests a pardon from Aurangzeb during the Anglo-Mughal War.
Having been constructed in the immediate aftermath of the 1857 Sepoy Mutiny, the design of the Lahore Railway Station was highly militarised in order to defend the structure from any further potential uprisings against British rule.
By 1690, Aurangzeb was acknowledged as: "emperor of the Mughal Sultanate from Cape Comorin to Kabul".
The Mall, Lahore's pre-independence commercial core, features many examples of colonial architecture.
Aurangzeb spent his reign crushing major and minor rebellions throughout the Mughal Empire.
Sections of the Walled City of Lahore have been under restoration since 2012 in conjunction with the Agha Khan Trust for Culture.
The tomb of Akbar was pillaged by Jat rebels during the reign of Aurangzeb.
Cityscape of Lahore
Aurangzeb leads the Mughal Army during the Battle of Satara.
The area around the Wazir Khan Mosque exemplifies the Walled City's urban form
Raja Shivaji at Aurangzeb's Darbar- M V Dhurandhar
Built in 2012, Grand Jamia Mosque in Southern Lahore is a blend of Mughal and modern architecture.
Aurangzeb reciting the Quran.
A syncretic architectural style that blends Islamic, Hindu, and Western motifs took root during the colonial era, as shown at Aitchison College.
Aurangzeb dispatched his personal imperial guard during the campaign against the Satnami rebels.
Much of old Lahore features colonial-era buildings, such as the Tollinton Market.
Gurudwara Sis Ganj Sahib in Delhi is built at the place where Guru Tegh Bahadur was beheaded.
Lahore's Lawrence Garden was laid in 1862.
Zafarnama is the name given to the letter sent by the tenth Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh in 1705 to Aurangzeb. The letter is written in Persian script.
Kalma Underpass
Aurangzeb in a pavilion with three courtiers below.
Lahore Metrobus
Bibi Ka Maqbara, the mausoleum of Aurangzeb's wife Dilras Banu Begum, was commissioned by him
The Orange Line is Pakistan's first metro rail line.
Aurangzeb's tomb in Khuldabad, Maharashtra.
Allama Iqbal International Airport
Aurangzeb reading the Quran
The Azadi Chowk is located near the Badshahi Mosque.
The unmarked grave of Aurangzeb in the mausoleum at Khuldabad, Maharashtra.
Lahore Ring Road
Tughra and seal of Aurangzeb, on an imperial firman
Lahore Canal during the spring Basant festival
In the year 1689, according to Mughal accounts, Sambhaji was put on trial, found guilty of atrocities and executed.<ref>{{cite book |last=Mehta |first=J. L. |title=Advanced Study in the History of Modern India: Volume One: 1707{{snd}}1813 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d1wUgKKzawoC&pg=PA50 |access-date=29 September 2012 |date=2005 |publisher=Sterling Publishers |isbn=978-1-932705-54-6 |pages=50–}}</ref><ref name="google2">{{cite book |last=Stein |first=Burton |author-link=Burton Stein |year=2010 |orig-year=First published 1998 |editor-last=Arnold |editor-first=David |editor-link=David Arnold (historian) |title=A History of India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QY4zdTDwMAQC&pg=PA180 |publisher=Blackwell Publishers |edition=2nd |page=180 |isbn=978-1-4051-9509-6}}</ref>
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Guru Tegh Bahadur was publicly executed in 1675 on the orders of Aurangzeb in Delhi<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.allaboutsikhs.com/Sikh-Guru-Ji'/Sri-Guru-Tegh-Bhadur-Sahib-Ji.html |title=A Gateway to Sikhism {{!}} Sri Guru Tegh Bhadur Sahib |website=Gateway to Sikhism |access-date=28 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140327223831/http://www.allaboutsikhs.com/Sikh-Guru-Ji'/Sri-Guru-Tegh-Bhadur-Sahib-Ji.html#12 |archive-date=27 March 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
Government College University
Sarmad Kashani, a Jewish convert to Islam and Sufi mystic was accused of heresy and executed.<ref name="David Cook 2007">{{cite book |last=Cook |first=David |author-link=David Cook (historian) |year=2007 |title=Martyrdom in Islam |publisher=Cambridge University Press |page=80 |isbn=978-0-521-85040-7}}</ref>
University of the Punjab
Daulatabad cannon
University of Engineering and Technology, Main Block.
Kalak Bangadi cannon.
Badshahi Mosque
One of the Daulatabad cannons
Lahore Fort
Kilkila cannon
Tomb of Jahangir
Aurangabad cannon
Shahi Hammam
Seventeenth-century Badshahi Masjid built by Aurangzeb in Lahore.
Samadhi of Ranjit Singh
Bibi ka Maqbara.
Gurdwara Dera Sahib
Tomb of Sufi saint, Syed Abdul Rahim Shah Bukhari constructed by Aurangzeb.
Haveli of Nau Nihal Singh
Shawls manufactured in the Mughal Empire had highly influenced other cultures around the world.
Hazuri Bagh
Shawl makers in the Mughal Empire.
Gurdwara Janam Asthan Guru Ram Das
Mughal imperial carpet
Lahore Museum
March of the Great Moghul (Aurangzeb)
Lahore High Court
François Bernier, was a French physician and traveller, who for 12 years was the personal physician of Aurangzeb. He described his experiences in Travels in the Mughal Empire.
King Edward Medical University
Map of the Mughal Empire by Vincenzo Coronelli (1650–1718) of Venice, who served as Royal Geographer to Louis XIV of France.
Islamic Summit Minar
French map of the Deccan.
Minar-e-Pakistan
Half rupee
Grand Jamia Mosque
Rupee coin showing full name
Provincial Assembly of the Punjab
Rupee with square area
WAPDA House
A copper dam of Aurangzeb
Arfa Karim tower in Lahore
A Mughal trooper in the Deccan.
Expo Centre Lahore
Aurangzeb leads his final expedition (1705), leading an army of 500,000 troops.
PIA Head Office
Mughal-era aristocrat armed with a matchlock musket.
Emporium Mall
Aurangzeb, in later life, hunting with hounds and falconers
Wazir Khan Mosque
Badshahi Mosque
Lahore Fort (Shahi Qila)
Minar-e-Pakistan at night
Shalimar Gardens
Pakistan playing against Argentina in 2005.
Gaddafi Stadium is one of the largest stadiums of Pakistan with a capacity of 27,000 spectators.
Gymkhana Club

In June 1626, after an unsuccessful rebellion by his father, eight-year-old Aurangzeb and his brother Dara Shikoh were sent to the Mughal court in Lahore as hostages of their grandfather Jahangir and his wife, Nur Jahan, as part of their father's pardon deal.

- Aurangzeb

Shah Jahan's son, and last of the great Mughal Emperors, Aurangzeb, further contributed to the development of Lahore.

- Lahore

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Portrait of Bahadur Shah I, c. 1670

Bahadur Shah I

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The eighth Mughal Emperor who ruled from 1707 until his death in 1712.

The eighth Mughal Emperor who ruled from 1707 until his death in 1712.

Portrait of Bahadur Shah I, c. 1670
Prince Mu'azzam in his youth
Emperor Aurangzeb Receives Prince Mu'azzam. Chester Beatty Library
Bahadur Shah I and his Consort
On his march to Amber, Shah visited the tomb of Salim Chishti.
Kam Bakhsh established his rule in Bijapur.
Bahadur Shah on a Sikh expedition
Moti Masjid, Shah's burial place
alt=Both sides of a silver coin|Silver rupee from Azimabad, 1708
alt=Both sides of an irregularly-round copper coin|Copper paisa from Surat
alt=Both sides of a silver coin|Silver rupee from Shahjahanabad, 1708

In his youth, he conspired to overthrow his father Aurangzeb, the sixth Mughal emperor, and ascend to the throne.

He was governor of Akbarabad (later known as Agra), Kabul and Lahore.