Babur and Related Topics

Kamran Mirza

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Kamran Mirza (1512 – 5 October 1557) was the second son of Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire and the first Mughal Emperor.

The Tomb of Mariam-uz-Zamani in Sikandra was originally built as a Baradari by Sultan Sikandar Lodi in 1495.

Agra

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City on the banks of the Yamuna river in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, about 210 km south of the national capital New Delhi and 320 km west of the state capital Lucknow.

The Town and Fort of Agra, an engraving.

The sweet dish petha, which is a symbol of Mughal legacy.

Railway Map of Agra (the line to Jaipur has meanwhile been converted to broad gauge)

Inner Ring Road link Yamuna Expressway to Lucknow expessway, Fatehabad Road, Shamshabad Road, NH-3, NH-11 Agra

The most common front view of the Taj Mahal

Taj Mahal and outlying buildings as seen from across the Yamuna River (northern view)

Tombs of Shah Jahan and his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal

The Jahangiri Mahal, the largest residence in the complex

Musamman Burj, an octagonal Tower which was the residence of Shah Jahan's favourite empress, Mumtaz Maḥal

Amar Singh Gate, one of two entrances into Agra's Red Fort

Agra was the foremost city of the Indian subcontinent and the capital of the Mughal Empire under Mughal emperors Babur, Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir and Shah Jahan.

Yunus Khan

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Yunus Khan (c.

He was the maternal grandfather of Babur, founder of the Mughal Empire.

The battle of Panipat and
the death of Sultan Ibrāhīm

First Battle of Panipat

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The battle of Panipat between the armies of Babur and Ibrahim Lodi (1526). Babur was invited by Daulat Khan Lodi to enter India and defeat Ibrahim Lodi. An illustration to the Vaqi 'at-i Baburi, by Deo Gujarati, c. 1590.

Babur introduced field guns at Panipat, 1526

The first Battle of Panipat, on 21 April 1526, was fought between the invading forces of Babur and the Lodi dynasty.

An awards ceremony in Sultan Ibrāhīm's court before being sent on an expedition to Sambhal

The Bāburnāma (literally: "History of Babur" or "Letters of Babur"; alternatively known as Tuzk-e Babri) is the memoirs of Ẓahīr-ud-Dīn Muhammad Bābur (1483–1530), founder of the Mughal Empire and a great-great-great-grandson of Timur.

Mughal painting depicting the Rajput Army (Left) battling the Mughal Army (Right)

Battle of Khanwa

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Fought at Khanwa which is 60 km west of Agra on March 16, 1527.

It was fought between the invading Timurid forces of Babur and the Rajput confederacy led by Rana Sanga for suprermacy of Northern India.

Umar Shaikh Mirza II

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The ruler of the Fergana Valley.

His eldest son was Babur Mirza from his wife Qutlugh Nigar Khanum.

Muhammad Shaybani

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Muhammad Shaybani Khan (Muhammad Shayboniy, also known as Abul-Fath Shaybani Khan or Shayabak Khan or Shahi Beg Khan, originally named "Shibägh", which means "wormwood" or "obsidian") (c.

He fought successful campaigns against the Timurid leader Babur, founder of the Mughal Empire.

Safavid Iran

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One of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty.

The Safavid Empire under Shah Abbas the Great

Mannequin of a Safavid Qizilbash soldier, showing characteristic red cap (Sa'dabad Palace, Teheran)

Ismail declares himself "Shah" by entering Tabriz; his troops in front of Arg of Tabriz, painter Chingiz Mehbaliyev, in private collection.

Ismail's battle with Uzbek warlord Muhammad Shaybani Khan in 1510, on a folio from the Kebir Musaver Silsilname. After the battle Ismail purportedly gilded the skull of Shaybani Khan for use as a wine goblet.

Shah Tahmasp, fresco on the walls of the Chehel Sotoun Palace

Shah Suleiman I and his courtiers, Isfahan, 1670. Painter is Aliquli Jabbadar, and is kept at The St. Petersburg Institute of Oriental Studies in Russia, ever since it was acquired by Tsar Nicholas II. Note the two Georgian figures with their names at the top left.

"Jealousy among Rivals" attributed to Muhammadi. Miniature painting contained in a Persian volume entitled Busta by Sa'di in 1579, possibly under the patronage of Vizier Mirza Salman Jaberi. E.M. Soudavar Trust, Houston, Texas.

Shah ‘Abbās King of the Persians, copper engraving by Dominicus Custos, Atrium heroicum Caesarum (1600–1602)

Abbas I as shown on one of the paintings in the Chehel Sotoun pavilion.

The ambassador Husain Ali Beg led the first Persian embassy to Europe (1599–1602).

Fresco in the Doge's Palace, depicting Doge Marino Grimani receiving the Persian Ambassadors, 1599

Abbas I as a new Caesar being honoured by the Trumpets of Fame, together with the 1609–1615 Persian embassy, in [[:File:Allegorie de l Occasion Frans II Francken 1628.jpg|Allégorie de l'Occasion]], by Frans II Francken, 1628

Shah Abbas the II holding a banquet for foreign dignitaries. Detail from a ceiling fresco at the Chehel Sotoun Palace in Isfahan.

Map of the Safavid Empire, published 1736.

A map of Safavid Empire in 1720, showing different states of Persia

Part of the Safavid Persian Empire (on right), the Ottoman Empire, and West Asia in general, Emanuel Bowen, 1744–52

A persian miniature depicting a polo-match

Daud Khan Undiladze, military commander, ghilman and the governor of Ganja and Karabakh from 1625 to 1630.

Frontpage on Jean Chardin's book on his journeys to Persia, published in 1739.

View of Tbilisi by French traveler Jean Chardin, 1671.

The Karkan, a tool used for punishment of state criminals

Persian Musketeer in time of Abbas I by Habib-Allah Mashadi after Falsafi (Berlin Museum of Islamic Art).

The Mothers Inn caravanserai in Isfahan, that was built during the reign of Shah Abbas II, was a luxury resort meant for the wealthiest merchants and selected guests of the shah. Today it is a luxury hotel and goes under the name of Hotel Abassi.

The Chehel Sotoun Palace in Isfahan was where the Shah would meet foreign dignitaries and embassies. It is famous for the frescoes that cover its walls.

Painting by the French architect, Pascal Coste, visiting Persia in 1841 (from Monuments modernes de la Perse). In the Safavid era the Persian architecture flourished again and saw many new monuments, such as the Masjid-e Shah, part of Naghsh-i Jahan Square which is the biggest historic plaza in the world.

Naqshe Jahan square in Isfahan is the epitome of 16th-century Iranian architecture.

The 16th-century Chehel Sotun pavilion in Qazvin, Iran. It is the last remains of the palace of the second Safavid king, Shah Tahmasp; it was heavily restored by the Qajars in the 19th century.

19th-century painting of the Chahar Bagh School in Isfahan, built during the time of Soltan Hossein to serve as a theological and clerical school

A Latin copy of The Canon of Medicine, dated 1484, located at the P.I. Nixon Medical Historical Library of The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, USA.

Scene from Attar's The Conference of the Birds, by Habibulla Meshedi (1600).

Prince Muhammad-Beik of Georgia by Reza Abbasi (1620)

Safavid Star from ceiling of Shah Mosque, Isfahan, Iran.

Almost simultaneously with the emergence of the Safavid Empire, the Mughal Empire, founded by the Timurid heir Babur, was developing in South-Asia.

Fergana Valley

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The Fergana Valley (Фергана өрөөнү; Фарғона водийси/Farg'ona vodiysi; водии Фарғона, Vodii Farg'ona) in Central Asia lies mainly in eastern Uzbekistan, but also extends into southern Kyrgyzstan and northern Tajikistan.