A report on Penis and Baculum

Baculum of a dog's penis; the arrow shows the urethral sulcus.

Females have corkscrew vaginas with many blind pockets designed for difficult penetration and to prevent becoming pregnant. This reduced the likelihood of fertilization by unwanted aggressors in favor of fitter mates.

External male genitalia of a Labrador Retriever

Penises of minke whales on display at the Icelandic Phallological Museum

Genitorinary system of a raccoon (Procyon lotor)

Penis of a human, with pubic hair removed to show anatomical detail

The spine-covered penis of Callosobruchus analis, a bean weevil

The baculum (also penis bone, penile bone, or os penis, os genitale or os priapi ) is a bone found in the penis of many placental mammals.

- Baculum

A bone called the baculum or os penis is present in most mammals but absent in humans, cattle and horses.

- Penis

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A flaccid penis, with surrounding pubic hair removed to show anatomical detail

Human penis

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External male intromittent organ that additionally serves as the urinal duct.

Stages in the development of the male external genitalia

A urinating puer mingens by Annibale Carracci, 1600, Palazzo Farnese

The development of a penile erection, also showing the foreskin gradually retracting over the glans.
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A ventral view of a penis flaccid (left) and erect (middle); a dorsal view of a penis erect (right).

Papuan man wearing traditional penis sheath

A labelled dorsal view of a circumcised penis: (1) Shaft, (2) Circumcision scar, (3) Corona, (4) Glans, (5) Meatus.

Dissection showing the fascia of the penis as well as several surrounding structures

Image showing innervation and blood-supply of the human male external genitalia

The main parts are the root (radix); the body (corpus); and the epithelium of the penis including the shaft skin and the foreskin (prepuce) covering the glans penis.

The human penis differs from those of most other mammals, as it has no baculum (or erectile bone) and instead relies entirely on engorgement with blood to reach its erect state.

Clitoris

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Female sex organ present in mammals, ostriches and a limited number of other animals.

Stages in the development of the clitoris

Created by Helen O'Connell using MRI, the first 3D image of a clitoris in an erect state with the adjacent organs of the uterus and urinary bladder

A partially exposed clitoral glans, which can't be fully exposed due to a mild case of adhesions to the clitoral hood

Structures of the vulva, including external and internal parts of the clitoris

The clitoral hood has a normal anatomical variation in size and appearance in different adult women: while it is completely covered by the labia majora in some women, standing with their legs closed, in others it is pronounced and clearly visible.

Clitoral hood (1) and clitoris (2). Labia are spread apart on the bottom image.

An enlarged clitoris due to clitoromegaly

A Georg Ludwig Kobelt illustration of the anatomy of the clitoris

Girl protesting for clitoris-awareness at a women's rights rally in Paris, 2019

With a urogenital system in which the female urinates, mates and gives birth via an enlarged, erectile clitoris, female spotted hyenas are the only female mammals devoid of an external vaginal opening.

Male and female reproductive systems of the spotted hyena, from Schmotzer & Zimmerman, Anatomischer Anzeiger (1922). Abb. 1 (Fig. 1.) Male reproductive anatomy. Abb. 2 (Fig. 2.) Female reproductive anatomy. Principal abbreviations (from Schmotzer & Zimmerman) are: T, testis; Vd, vas deferens; BU, urethral bulb; Ur, urethra; R, rectum; P, penis; S, scrotum; O, ovary; FT, tuba Fallopii; RL, ligament uteri; Ut, uterus; CC, Corpus clitoris. Remaining abbreviations, in alphabetical order, are: AG, parotid analis; B, vesica urinaria; CG, parotid Cowperi; CP, Corpus penis; CS, corpus spongiosum; GC, glans; GP, glans penis; LA, levator ani muscle; Pr, prepuce; RC, musculus retractor clitoris; RP, Musculus retractor penis; UCG, Canalis urogenital.

Unlike the penis, the male homologue (equivalent) to the clitoris, it usually does not contain the distal portion (or opening) of the urethra and is therefore not used for urination.

In females, this bone is known as the os clitoridis.

Three columns of erectile tissue make up most of the volume of the penis.

Erection

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Various erection angle and shape of penises.

An erection (clinically: penile erection or penile tumescence) is a physiological phenomenon in which the penis becomes firm, engorged, and enlarged.

At the time of penetration, the canine penis is not erect, and only able to penetrate the female because it includes a narrow bone called the baculum, a feature of most placental mammals.

Fossa (animal)

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Carnivorous mammal that is endemic to Madagascar.

The fossa has a cat-like appearance, resembling a small cougar.

Cranium (dorsal, ventral, and lateral views) and mandible (lateral and dorsal views)

External genitalia of Cryptoprocta ferox

Fossa are active both day and night (cathemeral).

The male fossa has an unusually long penis and baculum (penis bone), reaching to between his forelegs when erect, with an average thickness of 20 mm. The glans extends about halfway down the shaft and is spiny except at the tip.

In comparison, the glans of felids is short and spiny, while that of viverrids is smooth and long.