A report on Battle of Bennington

A 1780 map depicting the troop positions at the start of the battle
General John Stark
An early 20th-century map depicting the battlefield
Battle of Bennington, c. 1900
The Bennington flag was long incorrectly believed to have flown during the battle.
The Bennington Battle Monument in Bennington, Vermont
150th anniversary of Battle of Bennington commemorative stamp
Historic Marker marking the Bennington Battlefield Park

Battle of the American Revolutionary War, part of the Saratoga campaign, that took place on August 16, 1777, in Walloomsac, New York, about 10 mi from its namesake, Bennington, Vermont.

- Battle of Bennington
A 1780 map depicting the troop positions at the start of the battle

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John Stark

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New Hampshire native who served as an officer in the British Army during the French and Indian war and a major general in the Continental Army during the American Revolution.

New Hampshire native who served as an officer in the British Army during the French and Indian war and a major general in the Continental Army during the American Revolution.

John Stark.
Replica of the Green Mountain Boys flag in John Stark's collection.
Statue at Stark Park in Manchester, New Hampshire
General Stark's statue at the Bennington Battle Monument
Gravesite in Stark Park, Manchester, New Hampshire

He became widely known as the "Hero of Bennington" for his exemplary service at the Battle of Bennington in 1777.

Surrender of General Burgoyne by John Trumbull

Saratoga campaign

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Attempt by the British high command for North America to gain military control of the strategically important Hudson River valley during the American Revolutionary War.

Attempt by the British high command for North America to gain military control of the strategically important Hudson River valley during the American Revolutionary War.

Surrender of General Burgoyne by John Trumbull
General John Burgoyne, portrait by Joshua Reynolds
Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes, portrait by Antoine-François Callet
Fort Ticonderoga from Mount Defiance
General Arthur St. Clair, portrait by Charles Willson Peale
Burgoyne's march on Albany June–October 1777
General John Stark, the "Hero of Bennington"
General Horatio Gates, portrait by Gilbert Stuart
Artist's conception of General Benedict Arnold, color mezzotint by Thomas Hart
General Benjamin Lincoln, portrait by Charles Willson Peale
General Daniel Morgan, portrait by Charles Willson Peale
Monument at Victory, New York
On the 150th anniversary of the Battle of Saratoga the U.S. Post Office issued a stamp commemorating the victory.

The turning point of the campaign happened in August at the Battle of Bennington when militia forces from Vermont, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts defeated, killed, and captured around 1,000 Brunswicker and Hessian troops from Burgoyne's army.

Bennington, Vermont

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Town in Bennington County, Vermont, in the United States.

Town in Bennington County, Vermont, in the United States.

Bennington in 1887
Battle of Bennington Heights, August 16, 1777
The sign for historic Bennington, Vermont
First Congregational Church in Bennington
Sacred Heart Saint Francis de Sales Church in Bennington
Robert Frost's grave
N.Y.C.R.R. station in 1913
First Congregational Church of Bennington, 1804
Henry House, 1769
Burt Henry Covered Bridge, 1835
Silk Covered Bridge, 1840
The Blue Benn, a historic diner in Bennington

The town is known in particular for the Battle of Bennington, which took place during the Revolutionary War.

The Flag of the Green Mountain Boys, predating the Vermont Republic, is still used by the Vermont National Guard

Green Mountain Boys

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The Green Mountain Boys were a militia organization first established in 1770 in the territory between the British provinces of New York and New Hampshire, known as the New Hampshire Grants and later in 1777 as the Vermont Republic (which later became the state of Vermont).

The Green Mountain Boys were a militia organization first established in 1770 in the territory between the British provinces of New York and New Hampshire, known as the New Hampshire Grants and later in 1777 as the Vermont Republic (which later became the state of Vermont).

The Flag of the Green Mountain Boys, predating the Vermont Republic, is still used by the Vermont National Guard
Replica of the 1777 flag from the Battle of Bennington.
Green Mountain Rangers, 1776

Under Warner the regiment fought at the battles of Hubbardton and Bennington in 1777.

Clockwise from left: Continental infantry at Redoubt 10, Yorktown; Washington rallying the broken center at Monmouth; USS Bonhomme Richard capturing HMS Serapis

American Revolutionary War

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The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, secured American independence from Great Britain.

The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, secured American independence from Great Britain.

Clockwise from left: Continental infantry at Redoubt 10, Yorktown; Washington rallying the broken center at Monmouth; USS Bonhomme Richard capturing HMS Serapis
Proclamation Line of 1763 (Green line) plus territorial cessions up to 1774
British North America, 1777
post-1763 concessions to Britain
from France (green) and Spain (yellow)
British troops leave Boston, prior to the Battle of Lexington and Concord, April 19, 1775
British regulars and Provincial militia repulse an American attack on Quebec, December 1775
Sgt. Jasper raising the fort's flag,
Battle of Sullivan's Island, June 1776
An American company on line, Battle of Long Island, August 1776
British forced Hudson River narrows to isolate Fort Washington, November 1776
Iconic 1851 painting of Washington Crossing the Delaware
In September 1777, fearing a British Army attack on the revolutionary capital of Philadelphia, American patriots moved the Liberty Bell to this Allentown, Pennsylvania church, where the Liberty Bell was successfully hidden under the church's floor boards until the June 1778 British departure from Philadelphia. Today, inside the Zion United Church of Christ in Allentown, the Liberty Bell Museum commemorates the Liberty Bell's successful nine month hiding there.
Charles, comte de Vergennes
French Foreign Minister negotiated
Franco-American treaties Feb 1778
French Adm. d'Estaing's joint expedition with US Gen. Sullivan at Newport, Rhode Island Aug 1778
365x365px
General Washington commanding the Continental Army
Image of various Continental Army uniforms
Sir Thomas Gage, British Commander, 1763–1775
Sir William Howe, British Commander, 1775–1778
Sir Henry Clinton, British Commander, 1778–1782
Hessian troops surrender after Battle of Trenton, December 1776
Loyalist militia routed by Patriot militia at Kings Mountain withdrew into South Carolina. Victory raised American morale.
Nancy Morgan Hart single-handedly captured six Loyalist soldiers who had barged into her home to ransack it.
1975 Stamp commemorating Salem Poor, Black Patriot cited for bravery at Bunker Hill
Copy of smock issued to Black Loyalists in 1776
Continental soldiers, one from the 1st Rhode Island Regiment, left
Col. Joseph Brant, GB led Iroquois Mohawk in war
Col. Joseph Cook, US Iroquois Oneida in war
Treaty of Paris by Benjamin West portrays the American mission of (left–right) John Jay, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, William Temple Franklin, secretary (in red), and Henry Laurens
Military Governors and Staff Officers in British North America and West Indies 1778 and 1784
Washington enters New York City at British evacuation, November 1783
Revolution headstones for Saratoga, mass graves
U.S. motto Novus Ordo Seclorum, "A New Age Now Begins"
alt=Scene from the Second Virginia Convention, Patrick Henry giving his speech, "Give me liberty or give me death!"|Patrick Henry, 2nd Virginia Convention "Give me liberty or give me death!"
upright=.3|alt=Scene from the First Continental Congress, George Washington appointed as Commander-in-Chief for the new Continental Army besieging Boston.|July 1775, Independence Hall, Philadelphia
alt= Sail warships at sea with full sail; in the center middle ground, the US ship; in the background, four French warships in a haze giving it a cannon salute with gunpowder; small boats also in the water in the middle ground.|USS Ranger, Capt. Jones. France gives the US flag its first foreign salute
alt= A sail warship at sea flying a US flag.|USS Alliance, Capt. Barry won the last engagement
alt=1763 Proclamation Line of 1763 by George III to limit colonial western settlement. The Province of Quebec lies north of the Ohio River, west of Lake Erie and the west boundary of Pennsylvania. The Indian Reserve lies west of modern Roanoke Virginia, generally following the Eastern Continental Divide.|The 1763 Royal Proclamation set the western boundary for the 13 Colonies
alt="1768 Boundary Line Treaty Map" for Iroquois Six Nations and tributary tribes north of Fort Stanwix and the Ohio River; and for Cherokee and Creeks south of the Ohio River and west of modern Roanoke, Virginia, the purple line 1768 "Treaty of Hard Labor", is west of the Eastern Continental Divide, the green line for the previous 1763 "King's Proclamation".|The 1768 Indian treaties: Iroquois west of the red line, Cherokees west of the purple
150th anniversary of American independence. Issue of 1926
150th anniversary of Saratoga
150th anniversary
150th anniversary of Yorktown

This slowed Burgoyne's progress and forced him to send out large foraging expeditions; on one of these, more than 700 British troops were captured at the Battle of Bennington on August 16.

Surrender of General Burgoyne by John Trumbull, 1822 Depicted at center are General John Burgoyne surrendering to General Horatio Gates, who refused to take his sword.
The painting hangs in the United States Capitol Rotunda.

Battles of Saratoga

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The Battles of Saratoga (September 19 and October 7, 1777) marked the climax of the Saratoga campaign, giving a decisive victory to the Americans over the British in the American Revolutionary War.

The Battles of Saratoga (September 19 and October 7, 1777) marked the climax of the Saratoga campaign, giving a decisive victory to the Americans over the British in the American Revolutionary War.

Surrender of General Burgoyne by John Trumbull, 1822 Depicted at center are General John Burgoyne surrendering to General Horatio Gates, who refused to take his sword.
The painting hangs in the United States Capitol Rotunda.
General John Burgoyne was referred to by some as "Gentleman Johnny" for his manners (portrait by Sir Joshua Reynolds, c. 1760)
General Horatio Gates, portrait by Gilbert Stuart
Map showing the movements of the opposing armies in the Saratoga campaign, and plan of the Battles of Saratoga (inset)
Initial dispositions and movements at the Battle of Freeman's Farm, 19 September 1777
Map depicting the positions at 1:00 pm
Modern view of the battleground of Freeman's Farm
Map depicting the positions at 3:00 pm
Map depicting the positions at 5:00 pm
Plan of battlefield of Saratoga, and views of John Neilson's house (which served as headquarters for Enoch Poor and Benedict Arnold) from south, east and inside
Benedict Arnold at Battle of Bemis Heights
Benedict Arnold portrait by Thomas Hart
Troop dispositions and initial movements at the Battle of Bemis Heights. The only known contemporary American map showing the positions of the two armies was made by Rufus Putnam, who commanded the 5th Massachusetts Regiment in Nixon's Brigade.
Boot Monument, depicting Arnold's injured leg
View of the battlefield from the visitor center of Saratoga National Historic Park

One attempt to alleviate these difficulties failed when nearly 1,000 men were killed or captured at the August 16 Battle of Bennington.

Vermont

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State in the New England region of the United States.

State in the New England region of the United States.

The Old Constitution House at Windsor, where the Constitution of Vermont was adopted on July 8, 1777
A circa 1775 flag used by the Green Mountain Boys
The gold leaf dome of the neoclassical Vermont State House (Capitol) in Montpelier
1791 Act of Congress admitting Vermont into the Union
Vermont in 1827. The county boundaries have since changed.
Map of Vermont showing cities, roads, and rivers
Population density of Vermont
Mount Mansfield
Western face of Camel's Hump Mountain (elevation 4079 ft).
Fall foliage at Lake Willoughby
Köppen climate types of Vermont, using 1991–2020 climate normals.
Silurian and Devonian stratigraphy of Vermont
The hermit thrush, the state bird of Vermont
A proportional representation of Vermont exports, 2020
Fall foliage seen from Hogback Mountain, Wilmington
Lake Champlain
Autumn in Vermont
Stowe Resort Village
The Lyndon Institute, a high school in Lyndon, Vermont
The University of Vermont
Old Mill, the oldest building of the university
Vermont welcome sign in Addison on Route 17 just over the New York border over the Champlain Bridge
Amtrak station in White River Junction
The Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Plant, in Vernon
The Vermont Supreme Court's building in Montpelier
Vermont towns hold a March town meeting for voters to approve the town's budget and decide other matters. Marlboro voters meet in this building.
Senators Bernie Sanders and Patrick Leahy and Representative Peter Welch greet supporters in 2017.
Vermontasaurus sculpture in Post Mills, in 2010

The battles of Bennington and Saratoga together are recognized as the turning point in the Revolutionary War because they were the first major defeat of a British army.

Friedrich Baum

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German dragoon Lieutenant Colonel of Brunswick in British service during the American Revolutionary War.

German dragoon Lieutenant Colonel of Brunswick in British service during the American Revolutionary War.

For Baum, the campaign ended at the Battle of Bennington, on August 16, 1777.

Detail of a 1780 map showing the area around Fort Ticonderoga; "Huberton" can be seen southeast of the fort.

Battle of Hubbardton

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Engagement in the Saratoga campaign of the American Revolutionary War fought in the village of Hubbardton, Vermont.

Engagement in the Saratoga campaign of the American Revolutionary War fought in the village of Hubbardton, Vermont.

Detail of a 1780 map showing the area around Fort Ticonderoga; "Huberton" can be seen southeast of the fort.
The military road to Hubbardton passed (and still passes) through the center gap in the hills in the photo's background
Hubbarton Battlefield Visitor Center
Engraving of a map drawn by a German officer after the battle
West side of Monument Hill; British forces attacked up (towards the camera) this hill
Monument erected in 1859 at the battlefield

(The Battle of Bennington was fought in what is now Walloomsac, New York.)

1784 portrait by Charles Wilson Peale

Benjamin Lincoln

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American army officer.

American army officer.

1784 portrait by Charles Wilson Peale
Continental Congress Broadside, 1777 mentions Gen. Lincoln's letter.
The Hon. B. Lincoln, Esq. Major General, Continental Army.
Tomb of Gen. Benjamin Lincoln, Hingham Cemetery, Hingham, Massachusetts
General Benjamin Lincoln House, where Lincoln was born

Stark led his forces to victory in the Battle of Bennington in mid-August, which led to the capture or deaths of 1,000 Hessian soldiers from Burgoyne's army, while Lincoln's force was still growing.