Boston

Map showing a British tactical evaluation of Boston in 1775.

Boston, as the Eagle and the Wild Goose See It, 1860, by J.W. Black, the first recorded aerial photograph

View of downtown Boston from Dorchester Heights, 1841

The was home to the Boston city council from 1865 to 1969.

General view of Boston, by J. J. Hawes, c. 1860s–1880s

Boston as seen from ESA Sentinel-2. Boston Harbor, at the center, has made Boston a major shipping port since its founding.

200 Clarendon Street is the tallest building in Boston, with a roof height of 790 ft.

Boston's skyline in the background, with fall foliage in the foreground

A graph of cumulative winter snowfall at Logan International Airport from 1938 to 2015. The four winters with the most snowfall are highlighted. The snowfall data, which was collected by NOAA, is from the weather station at the airport.

Per capita income in the Greater Boston area, by US Census block group, 2000. The dashed line shows the boundary of the City of Boston.

Map of racial distribution in Boston, 2010 U.S. Census. Each dot is 25 people:

Chinatown, with its paifang gate, is home to many Chinese and also Vietnamese restaurants.

U.S. Navy sailors march in Boston's annual St. Patrick's Day Parade. Irish Americans constitute the largest ethnicity in Boston.

Boston gay pride march, held annually in June

Old South Church, a United Church of Christ congregation first organized in 1669

Boston Latin School was established in 1635 and is the oldest public high school in the US.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is often cited as among the world's top universities

Harvard Business School, one of the country's top business schools

A Boston Police cruiser on Beacon Street

The Old State House, a museum on the Freedom Trail near the site of the Boston massacre

In the nineteenth century, the Old Corner Bookstore became a gathering place for writers, including Emerson, Thoreau, and Margaret Fuller. Here James Russell Lowell printed the first editions of The Atlantic Monthly.

Symphony Hall, home of the Boston Symphony Orchestra

Population density and elevation above sea level in Greater Boston (2010)

Fenway Park is the oldest professional baseball stadium still in use.

Harvard Stadium, the first collegiate athletic stadium built in the U.S.

Chamber of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in the Massachusetts State House

Boston City Hall is a Brutalist landmark in the city

Harvard Medical School, one of the most prestigious medical schools in the world

An MBTA Red Line train departing Boston for Cambridge. Bostonians depend heavily on public transit, with over 1.3 million Bostonians riding the city's buses and trains daily (2013).

South Station, the busiest rail hub in New England, is a terminus of Amtrak and numerous MBTA rail lines.

Capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States and 24th-most populous city in the country.

- Boston

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Boston Tea Party

This 1775 British cartoon, A Society of Patriotic Ladies at Edenton in North Carolina, satirizes the Edenton Tea Party, a group of women who organized a boycott of English tea.

This notice from the "Chairman of the Committee for Tarring and Feathering" in Boston denounced the tea consignees as "traitors to their country".

1789 engraving of the destruction of the tea

Plaque affixed to side of the Independence Wharf building (2009)

The Boston Tea Party Museum in Fort Point Channel

In 1973 the US Post Office issued a set of four stamps, together making one scene of the Boston Tea Party

The Boston Tea Party was an American political and mercantile protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston, Massachusetts, on December 16, 1773.

Providence, Rhode Island

Capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Rhode Island.

The First Baptist Church in America is the oldest Baptist congregation in America. Founded by Roger Williams in 1638, its present meetinghouse was first occupied in 1775.

Satellite photograph of greater Providence

The Providence skyline as viewed from across the Providence River

Downtown Providence and the East Side, 2010. Note the demolition of the previous I-195 as part of the Iway project.

Map of racial distribution in Providence, 2010 U.S. Census. Each dot is 25 people:

Friday night diners at DePasquale Square, the heart of Providence's Little Italy

A 2019 hockey game between Providence College and Cornell University at the Dunkin’ Donuts Center

1879 National League champion Providence Grays

The Iway Bridge and Fox Point Hurricane Barrier

The Michael S. Van Leesten Memorial Bridge opened in August 2019

The Shepard Company Building in Downtown Providence's compact urban center

Burnside Park in Downtown Providence facing the city's primary row of high rises

Downtown Weybosset Street at the Providence Performing Arts Center Square

The Providence Riverwalk, at the edge of downtown

As of the 2020 United States Census, Providence has a population of 190,934, making it the third-most-populous city in New England after Boston and Worcester, Massachusetts.

Siege of Boston

The opening phase of the American Revolutionary War.

Engraving depicting the British evacuation of Boston

The Grand Union flag flown by George Washington during the siege of Boston

1775 map of the Battles of Lexington and Concord and the siege of Boston

An engraving depicting Ethan Allen demanding the surrender of Fort Ticonderoga.

The Battle of Bunker Hill, Howard Pyle, 1897

George Washington taking command of the Army, 1775

Henry Knox bringing his "noble train" of artillery to Cambridge

The Dorchester Heights Monument stands on the spot where Putnam's fortifications were erected. The Americans held Boston for the rest of the war.

A map showing Boston and vicinity, including Bunker Hill, Dorchester Heights, and the troop disposition of Gen. Artemas Ward during the siege of Boston. From "Marshall's Life of Washington" (1806).

Washington was awarded the first Congressional Gold Medal in 1790 for his first victory of the war in Boston.

Surrender of General Burgoyne at Saratoga, by John Trumbull

New England militiamen prevented the movement by land of the British Army, which was garrisoned in what was then the peninsular town of Boston, Massachusetts Bay.

Boston, Lincolnshire

Market town with a port on the east coast of England in Lincolnshire, about 100 miles north of London.

The Municipal Offices in West Street, completed in 1904

The Stump, viewed from the Market Place: The statue of the journalist and politician Herbert Ingram is in the left foreground.

Memorial to Bishop Simon Patrick in Ely Cathedral

Emigrants from Boston named several other settlements around the world after the town, most notably Boston, Massachusetts, in the United States.

Faneuil Hall

Samuel Adams, described on the 1880 statue by Anne Whitney at Faneuil Hall as "A Statesman: Incorruptible and Fearless"

Faneuil Hall (bottom left) during the construction of Government Center

1981 view of Faneuil Hall from the steps of Boston City Hall

1798 eagle statue in the building's interior

Faneuil Hall ( or ; previously ) is a marketplace and meeting hall located near the waterfront and today's Government Center, in Boston, Massachusetts.

Boston Latin School

Hall of the
BLS School House on Bedford Street, 1844–1881

Front entrance of the school house on Avenue Louis Pasteur. 2007

The Boston Latin School is a public exam school in Boston, Massachusetts, US.

Boston Public Library

Motto: Omnium Lux Civium (Latin)
"The Light of All People"

The Chavannes Gallery of the McKim Building, with murals painted by Pierre Puvis de Chavannes

Exterior of Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895

Reading Room in 1871 at the first Boylston Street building, the library's location between 1858 and 1895.

McKim Building, Copley Square, Boston, 2005

Johnson Building, Boylston St. near Copley Square, Boston, 2008

Orient Heights Branch, 2011. A branch in East Boston which closed in 2013.

Temporary building, Mason Street, 1854-1858

Lower hall stacks, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895

Upper (Bates) hall, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895

Lower hall indicator, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895

Lower hall reading room, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1858–1895

Engraving of exterior, Kirby Building, Boylston St., 1850s

McKim Building courtyard, soon after opening, circa 1895.

Dartmouth Street facade of McKim Building during the holiday season, December 2015

The Boston Public Library is a municipal public library system in Boston, Massachusetts, United States, founded in 1848.

American Revolution

Ideological and political revolution that occurred in British America between 1765 and 1791.

Eastern North America in 1775. The Province of Quebec, the Thirteen Colonies on the Atlantic coast, and the Indian Reserve as defined by the Royal Proclamation of 1763. The border between the red and pink areas represents the 1763 "Proclamation line", while the orange area represents the Spanish claim.

New borders drawn by the Royal Proclamation of 1763

Notice of the Stamp Act 1765 in a colonial newspaper

Letter III of John Dickinson's Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania, published in the Pennsylvania Chronicle, December 1767

On June 9, 1772, the Sons of Liberty burned HMS Gaspee, a British customs schooner in Narragansett Bay

The December 16, 1773 Boston Tea Party, led by Samuel Adams and Sons of Liberty, has become a mainstay of American patriotic lore.

A 1774 etching from The London Magazine depicts Prime Minister Lord North, author of the Boston Port Act, forcing the Intolerable Acts down the throat of America, whose arms are restrained by Lord Chief Justice Mansfield, and a tattered "Boston Petition" lays trampled on the ground beside her. Lord Sandwich pins down her feet and peers up her robes; behind them, Mother Britannia weeps while France and Spain look on

Join, or Die, a political cartoon attributed to Benjamin Franklin was used to encourage the Thirteen Colonies to unite against British rule

Johannes Adam Simon Oertel's painting Pulling Down the Statue of King George III, N.Y.C., circa 1859

The British fleet amassing off Staten Island in New York Harbor in the summer of 1776, depicted in Harper's Magazine in 1876

The Staten Island Peace Conference in September 1776 depicted in a drawing by Alonzo Chappel

Washington crossing the Delaware on December 25–26, 1776, depicted in Emanuel Leutze's 1851 painting

Hessian troops hired out to the British by their German sovereigns

The 1781 siege of Yorktown ended with the surrender of a second British army, marking effective British defeat.

Treaty of Paris by Benjamin West portrays the American delegation about to sign the 1783 Treaty of Paris (John Jay, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Henry Laurens, W.T. Franklin). The British delegation refused to pose and the painting was never completed

Last page of the 1783 Treaty of Paris, ending the Revolutionary War

Robert Morris statue honoring American founding father and financier Robert Morris at Independence National Historical Park in Philadelphia

The September 17, 1787 signing of the United States Constitution at Independence Hall in Philadelphia depicted in Howard Chandler Christy's 1940 painting, Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States

Portrait of Alexander Hamilton, first Secretary of the Treasury

Samuel Adams points at the Massachusetts Charter, which he viewed as a constitution that protected the people's rights, in this c. 1772 portrait by John Singleton Copley

Patriots tar and feather Loyalist John Malcolm depicted in a 1774 painting

George III as depicted in a 1781 portrait

Thomas Paine's pamphlet Common Sense, published in January 1776

Mercy Otis Warren published poems and plays that attacked royal authority and urged colonists to resist British rule

Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben was a former Prussian army officer who served as inspector general of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. He is credited with teaching the Continental Army the essentials of military drill and discipline beginning at Valley Forge in 1778, considered a turning point for the Americans.

Thayendanegea, a Mohawk military and political leader, was the most prominent indigenous leader opposing the Patriot forces.

The painting Crispus Attucks (c.1943), by Herschel Levit depicts Attucks who is considered to be the first American to die for the cause of independence in the Revolution

An African-American soldier (left) of the 1st Rhode Island Regiment, widely regarded as the first Black battalion in U.S. military history

The American Revolution was part of the first wave of the Atlantic Revolutions, an 18th and 19th century revolutionary wave in the Atlantic World

A Lexington, Massachusetts memorial to Prince Estabrook, who was wounded in the Battle of Lexington and Concord and was the first Black casualty of the Revolutionary War

This postage stamp, which was created at the time of the bicentennial, honors Salem Poor, who was an enslaved African-American man who purchased his freedom, became a soldier, and rose to fame as a war hero during the Battle of Bunker Hill.

British Loyalists fleeing to British Canada as depicted in this early 20th century drawing

The British government deployed troops to Boston in 1768 to quell unrest, leading to the Boston Massacre in 1770.

Battle of Bunker Hill

Fought on Saturday June 17, 1775 during the Siege of Boston in the first stage of the American Revolutionary War.

1775 map of the Boston area (contains some inaccuracies)

The Battle of Bunker Hill, by Howard Pyle, 1897

Array of American forces for the Battle of Bunker Hill

The first British attack on Bunker Hill; shaded areas are hills

The second British attack on Bunker Hill

The third and final British attack on Bunker Hill

Ralph Farnham, one of the last survivors

A historic map of Bunker Hill featuring military notes

View of the Attack on Bunker's Hill with the Burning of Charlestown, by Lodge

Statue of William Prescott in Charlestown, Massachusetts

Boston, situated on a peninsula, was largely protected from close approach by the expanses of water surrounding it, which were dominated by British warships.

Charles River

80 mi river in eastern Massachusetts.

View of the bridge over Charles River, New York Public Library

View of the Charles River, Memorial Drive in Cambridge(foreground), and the Back Bay skyline at night

A sunny day on the Charles River Esplanade

Sailboats moored on the Charlestown side of the Charles River with Bunker Hill Monument in the distance

Sunset at Charles River in December 2010

View of the Charles River, Community Rowing, Inc. and Boston from Nonantum.

The Charles River from the Boston side, facing Weld Boathouse and the main campus of Harvard University in Cambridge.

View of Charles River at Newton Upper Falls

Charles River under Echo Bridge in Newton

Charles River at Medfield-Millis town line

Charles River basin from an office tower in Boston.

View of the Charles River and Downtown Boston from the Boston University Bridge

It flows northeast from Hopkinton to Boston along a highly meandering route, that doubles back on itself several times and travels through 23 cities and towns before reaching the Atlantic Ocean.