A report on Crawley and Brighton Main Line

Clayton Tunnel, one of the most notable structures on the line.
St John the Baptist's Church from the southeast
Normal-running and 'bi-directional' signals outside Haywards Heath tunnel
Crawley signal box in 2008
The Ouse Valley Viaduct
Queen's Square in the central shopping area, looking towards the bandstand, The Body Shop, Marks & Spencer and the former Woolworths store
One of the neighbourhood churches: St Mary's in Southgate (now a locally listed building)
Borough of Crawley shown within West Sussex
Crawley Town Hall, on The Boulevard in the town centre
Ordnance Survey map of the Crawley area, 1932
The Southgate neighbourhood's parade of shops
Each neighbourhood has colour-coded street name signs (Southgate example pictured).
Neighbourhoods of Crawley, identified in the table
Church Road in Lowfield Heath village, looking east towards St Michael and All Angels Church. No houses remain here; a hotel, depots and light industrial units have replaced the earlier development.
Graph of population growth in Crawley 1901–2001. Horizontal axis: year. Vertical axis: population.
Former Virgin Atlantic head office.
Schlumberger House, the head office of WesternGeco at Gatwick Airport
34 and 36 High Street - Grade II late 18th-century brick building with sash windows, two chimneys and a tiled roof.
The Friary Way entrance to County Mall
Crawley police station
Crawley library, opened in December 2008
Crawley station, with five storeys of offices above the ticket office and concourse area
A Metrobus double-decker bus at Crawley bus station
Gatwick is the world's second busiest single-runway international airport.
Entrance to the K2 Leisure Centre
Pond at Goff's Park Crawley, January 2009
The Memorial Gardens
The Grade II listed Worth Training Centre, Turners Hill Road, Pound Hill, Crawley
1902 Autocar in the 2018 London to Brighton Veteran Car Run, High Street, Crawley.
The main building of Central Sussex College
Broadfield House, which now houses the Atelier 21 Future School
Erin Doherty
Ms. Dynamite
Romesh Ranganathan
Gareth Southgate
Daley Thompson
Alan Minter
Leadley
Laura Moffatt
Robert Smith

Aside from London and Brighton themselves, the line serves multiple large urban areas along its route, including Redhill, eastern Crawley, Haywards Heath and Burgess Hill.

- Brighton Main Line

The Brighton Main Line was the first railway line to serve the Crawley area.

- Crawley

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Chichester Market Cross

West Sussex

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County in South East England on the English Channel coast.

County in South East England on the English Channel coast.

Chichester Market Cross
1813/54 one inch to the mile OS map
General map of West Sussex.
The Coat of Arms of West Sussex County Council, used 1889 to 1975, is based on the heraldic shield of Sussex
Former flag of West Sussex County Council, used from 1889 to 1975
Wakehurst Place Gardens, Ardingly

The ceremonial county comprises the shire districts of Adur, Arun, Chichester, Horsham, and Mid Sussex, and the boroughs of Crawley and Worthing.

There are three main railway routes: the Brighton Main Line, the Arun Valley Line and the West Coastway Line.

Noel Rise, part of a 1950s housing development in the town.

Burgess Hill

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Town and civil parish in West Sussex, England, close to the border with East Sussex, on the edge of the South Downs National Park, 39 mi south of London, 10 mi north of Brighton and Hove, and 29 mi northeast of the county town, Chichester.

Town and civil parish in West Sussex, England, close to the border with East Sussex, on the edge of the South Downs National Park, 39 mi south of London, 10 mi north of Brighton and Hove, and 29 mi northeast of the county town, Chichester.

Noel Rise, part of a 1950s housing development in the town.
Hoffmann-La Roche offices in Victoria Business Park
Hammonds Place farmhouse.
The Woolpack formerly West End farmhouse.
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A Compass Bus ADL Enviro 200 10.8m seen on the 33 at Burgess Hill Church Road bus stop.
Manor Field Primary School
St John the Evangelist's Church
Picture of the water tower

It had an area of 3.7 sqmi and a population of 30,635 at the 2011 Census, making it the fourth most populous parish in the county (behind Crawley, Worthing and Horsham) and the most populous in the Mid Sussex District.

Railway: The opening of the London to Brighton railway in 1841 triggered a further expansion of the town, although Burgess Hill railway station was for many years a request stop and not a regular station.

The traditional Sussex emblem first known recording in 1611 by John Speed: Azure, six martlets or

Sussex

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Historic county in South East England that was formerly an independent medieval Anglo-Saxon kingdom.

Historic county in South East England that was formerly an independent medieval Anglo-Saxon kingdom.

The traditional Sussex emblem first known recording in 1611 by John Speed: Azure, six martlets or
The round-headed rampion, or Pride of Sussex, is Sussex's county flower
The South Downs meets the sea at the Seven Sisters
Museum model of how Fishbourne Roman Palace may have appeared
Map of Britain around 800 AD showing the kingdom of Sussex
Battle Abbey was founded to commemorate William's victory in the Battle of Hastings. The high altar was placed to mark the spot where King Harold died.
Lewes Crown Court is the first-tier Crown Court for Sussex
Map of Sussex in 1851 showing the six Rapes
The main building of the Royal Sussex County Hospital
The Royal Pavilion, Brighton
Percy Bysshe Shelley is one of Sussex's best-known poets
The Cure performing live in Singapore
Chichester Cathedral became the seat of Sussex's cathedral in 1075 after it was moved from Selsey
JM Keynes lived at Tilton near Firle from 1925 to 1946
Sliced Sussex Pond Pudding
The Long Man of Wilmington is Europe's largest representation of the human form
Chichester Canal by JMW Turner

Crawley, Worthing and Eastbourne are major towns, each with a population over 100,000.

The exception to this pattern is the 20th century north-south development on the A23-Brighton line corridor, Sussex's main link to London.

View from Box Hill

Surrey

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County in South East England which borders Kent to the east, East Sussex to the southeast, West Sussex to the south, Hampshire to the west, Berkshire to the northwest, and Greater London to the northeast.

County in South East England which borders Kent to the east, East Sussex to the southeast, West Sussex to the south, Hampshire to the west, Berkshire to the northwest, and Greater London to the northeast.

View from Box Hill
Leith Hill Tower
The Roman Stane or Stone Street runs through Surrey
A map showing the traditional boundaries of Surrey (c. 800–1899) and its constituent hundreds
Runnymede, where Magna Carta was sealed
Guildford Castle
Ruins of the monks' dormitory at Waverley Abbey
Nonsuch Palace
George Abbot
The second Globe theatre, built 1614
Kew Palace in 1835
Britain's first crematorium, in the Borough of Woking
Guildford Cathedral, designed by Edward Maufe
Dennis Sabre fire engine
"Dragons teeth" antitank obstacles by the River Wey
The gate of Abbot's Hospital, Guildford
Epsom is famous for the Epsom Downs Racecourse which hosts the Epsom Derby; painting by James Pollard, c. 1835.
Export House in Woking, one of Surrey's tallest buildings
Lawns at RHS Garden, Wisley
Statue of a Martian tripod from The War of the Worlds in Woking, hometown of science fiction author H. G. Wells.
Bronze Age bell barrow on Horsell Common near Woking

M23 (north–south) in effect connects Croydon to Brighton as the dualled A23 trunk road to the north and beyond Crawley. It has junction to a spur to Gatwick Airport on the Surrey/Sussex border. It has a Surrey junction, the M25 Merstham interchange, close to the Reigate M25 junction.

There are many railway lines in the county, those of note include the Waterloo to Reading Line, South West Main Line, Portsmouth Direct Line, Sutton and Mole Valley Lines (from Horsham, West Sussex itself on the Arun Valley Line from Littlehampton) and the Brighton Main Line.

View south across the Weald of Kent as seen from the North Downs Way near Detling

Weald

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Area of South East England between the parallel chalk escarpments of the North and the South Downs.

Area of South East England between the parallel chalk escarpments of the North and the South Downs.

View south across the Weald of Kent as seen from the North Downs Way near Detling
Geology of south-eastern England showing the High Weald in yellow-green (9a) and the Low Weald in darker green (9); chalk downland is in pale green (6)
Geological section from north to south: High and Low Weald shown as one
The Forest of Anderida during the Roman occupation of Britain
Autumn, Weald of Kent (1904), by Benjamin Haughton

Some areas, such as the flat plain around Crawley, have been utilised for urban use: here are Gatwick Airport and its related developments and the Horley-Crawley commuter settlements.

The Brighton Main Line followed the same route as its road predecessors: although it necessitated the long tunnel near Balcombe and the Ouse Valley Viaduct.

Gatwick Airport

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Gatwick Airport in 1970
Airport Map (as of November 2016)
The airport control tower opened in 1984.
Exterior of the North Terminal before renovation
Aircraft stands at the North Terminal
The bridge connecting the North Terminal to its apron pier
South Terminal international arrivals concourse
Gatwick's North Terminal transit station after renovation
North Terminal A23 roundabout
Gatwick Airport railway station
The inter-terminal transit

Gatwick Airport, also known as London Gatwick , is a major international airport near Crawley, West Sussex, England, 29.5 mi south of Central London.

The airport railway station, which is next to the South Terminal, provides connections along the Brighton Main Line and Thameslink Core to Victoria, London Bridge and St Pancras stations in London and Brighton, Worthing, Eastbourne, Portsmouth, Chichester and Bognor Regis to the south.

Princess Royal Hospital & Hurstwood Park Neurological Centre

Haywards Heath

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Town in West Sussex, England, 36 mi south of London, 14 mi north of Brighton, 13 mi south of Gatwick Airport and 31 mi northeast of the county town, Chichester.

Town in West Sussex, England, 36 mi south of London, 14 mi north of Brighton, 13 mi south of Gatwick Airport and 31 mi northeast of the county town, Chichester.

Princess Royal Hospital & Hurstwood Park Neurological Centre
South Road in Haywards Heath
Former Priory
Haywards Heath with surrounding villages and large housing developments in 2018
Haywards Heath railway station
The library in Haywards Heath

Nearby towns include Burgess Hill to the southwest, Horsham to the northwest, Crawley northwest and East Grinstead northeast.

Haywards Heath railway station is a major station on the Brighton Main Line.

View from Redhill Common towards St John's Church August 2000

Redhill, Surrey

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Town in the borough of Reigate and Banstead within the county of Surrey, England.

Town in the borough of Reigate and Banstead within the county of Surrey, England.

View from Redhill Common towards St John's Church August 2000
Holmethorpe Quarry, before residential development
St John's
The War Memorial, with St Paul's United Reformed Church behind.
Lloyds Bank, Redhill
Dunottar School, near Redhill Common

It is also on the railway junction, served by Redhill railway station, of the Brighton Main Line, North-Downs line, and Redhill-Tonbridge line.

Metrobus routes 400, 420, 430, 435, 460 and Fastway 100. These buses provide connections to Reigate, Sutton, Epsom, Caterham, Gatwick Airport, Crawley and East Grinstead

An LB&SCR plaque on the (western) railway bridge over Battersea Park Road, SW8, showing the company armorial bearings. The cross (top) represents London, the two dolphins (bottom) Brighton, the three half-lions half-ships (right) the Cinque Ports, and the star and crescent (left) Portsmouth.

London, Brighton and South Coast Railway

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Railway company in the United Kingdom from 1846 to 1922.

Railway company in the United Kingdom from 1846 to 1922.

An LB&SCR plaque on the (western) railway bridge over Battersea Park Road, SW8, showing the company armorial bearings. The cross (top) represents London, the two dolphins (bottom) Brighton, the three half-lions half-ships (right) the Cinque Ports, and the star and crescent (left) Portsmouth.
A map of the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway at London Victoria station
A 1908 Railway Clearing House map of lines around Bricklayers Arms and London Bridge station, as well as surrounding lines. LB&SCR lines are shown in green.
A 1908 Railway Clearing House map of lines around the Brighton Main Line between South Croydon and Selhurst
A 1912 Railway Clearing House map of lines around Clapham Junction and the approaches to Victoria
A 1908 Railway Clearing House map, showing the Sutton & Mole Valley Lines though South London
A 1910 Railway Clearing House map, showing part of the lines around Portsmouth
1905 Map showing the LB&SCR "Quarry line" and the original SER line
Sketch map of LB&SCR routes in 1922
A LB&SCR poster advertising the Isle of Wight
1906 poster advertising rail motor services
Construction of overhead electrical lines, c. 1908
An SL Class train on the South London Line at Wandsworth Road station, about 1909
The signal box at Crawley built by Saxby and Farmer in 1877
LB&SCR coach no. 661 at Horsted Keynes, Bluebell Railway
B2 Class 213 Bessemer 1897, in Stroudley's "Improved Engine Green!"
A map showing the main LB&SCR ferry routes in 1888
The entrance to Horsted Keynes railway station typical of several late Victorian LB&SCR country stations in Sussex

The main line to Brighton from London Bridge opened in 1841.

However, the railway's existence began to generate new goods and passenger traffic at towns and villages on or near the main line, such as Reigate, Crawley and Haywards Heath.

Southbound Southern Class 377 departing Platform 3 in November 2006

Three Bridges railway station

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Southbound Southern Class 377 departing Platform 3 in November 2006
Three Bridges Locomotive Depot, 11 December 1948, before the roof was repaired

Three Bridges railway station is located in and named after the village of Three Bridges, which is now a district of Crawley, West Sussex, England.

It is at the point where the Arun Valley Line diverges from the Brighton Main Line and Thameslink, 29 mi down the line from via.