Casale Monferrato

The fortified town from an engraving of 1745. On the left the river Po, and to the right the star-shaped cittadella

Memorial to asbestos victims on the former Eternit factory site.

Piazza Mazzini; in the background Via Saffi leads past the civic tower towards Piazza Castello

Santa Caterina. Note the elliptical drum

Neoclassical façade of Santa Croce by Francesco Ottavio Magnocavalli

Portrait of Anna d'Alençon by Macrino d'Alba

Town in the Piedmont region of Italy, in the province of Alessandria.

- Casale Monferrato

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Province of Alessandria

Italian province, with a population of some 425,000, which forms the southeastern part of the region of Piedmont.

The province was created by the Royal Decree n. 3702 of 23 October 1859, the Legge Rattazzi, as a union of five of the six provinces which had formed the Division of Alessandria (the provinces of Alessandria, Acqui, Asti, Casale and Tortona) plus the Province of Novi which had formed part of the Division of Genoa.

War of the Mantuan Succession

Related conflict of the Thirty Years' War, caused by the death in December 1627 of Vincenzo II, last male heir in the direct line of the House of Gonzaga and ruler of the duchies of Mantua and Montferrat.

The successful claimant, Charles I Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua

Vincenco II, whose death in December 1627 sparked the war

French chief minister Cardinal Richelieu; the war ultimately proved a major foreign policy success for France

Fighting centred on the fortress of Casale in Montferrat, which the Spanish besieged twice, from March 1628 to April 1629, then September 1629 to October 1630.

Aloysius Gonzaga

Italian aristocrat who became a member of the Society of Jesus.

Statue of Saint Aloysius Gonzaga, St. Joseph's Church, Macao

Painting of Aloysius Gonzaga in Marmoutier Abbey, Alsace, France

Saint Aloysius Gonzaga in Glory by Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, incomplete provenance

St. Aloysius Senior Secondary School, Jabalpur in India

St. Aloysius Gonzaga Church on the campus of Gonzaga University in Spokane, Washington

He also repeatedly visited the houses of the Capuchin friars and the Barnabites located in Casale Monferrato, the capital of the Gonzaga-ruled Duchy of Montferrat where the family spent the winter.

Hilary of Poitiers

Bishop of Poitiers and a Doctor of the Church.

The Ordination of Saint Hilary, from a 14th-century manuscript

In northwest Italy the church of Sant’Ilario at Casale Monferrato was dedicated to St. Hilary as early as 380.

War of the Austrian Succession

The last of the three major Bourbon-Habsburg wars of the first half of the 18th century.

The Battle of Fontenoy by Pierre L'Enfant. Oil on canvas.

Maria Theresa, Queen regnant of Hungary and Bohemia and Archduchess of Austria, Holy Roman Empress

Europe after the Treaty of Vienna (1738), Habsburg Monarchy in gold

Lands of the Bohemian Crown; in 1742, most of Silesia was ceded to Prussia

Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia, who entered the war by the September Treaty of Worms

Louis XV of France by Maurice Quentin de La Tour

Frederick the Great, by Wilhelm Camphausen; his position at the end of 1744 was extremely precarious

Maria Theresa's husband, Francis I, elected Holy Roman Emperor on 13 September 1745

Victory at Fontenoy in May 1745 re-established French confidence

Philip V of Spain's family by Louis-Michel van Loo

Charles III of Spain by Anton Raphael Mengs

The Prince of Conti by Alexis Simon Belle

The Genoese charge during the Battle of Bassignano in 1745

Infante Philip of Spain by Laurent Pécheux

Map of the Low Countries; Bergen op Zoom, upper center

Europe in the years after the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748

Flag of the East India Company (founded in 1600)

British Admiral Edward Boscawen besieged Pondicherry in the later months of 1748.

The Franco-Spanish fleet commanded by Don Juan José Navarro drove off the British fleet under Thomas Mathews near Toulon in 1744.

The Prussian infantry during the Battle of Mollwitz, 1741

King George II at the Battle of Dettingen, 1743

The Duke of Lorraine and Imperial troops crossing the Rhine before Strasbourg, 1744

View of the British landing on the island of Cape Breton to attack the fortress of Louisbourg, 1745

The British fleet bombarding the Corsican port of Bastia in 1745

Colonels of the French Guards and British guards politely discussing who should fire first at the battle of Fontenoy, 1745

The Battle of Rocoux in 1746, between the French and the British, Dutch and Austrians

Marshal Maurice de Saxe at the Battle of Lauffeld, 1747

Taking and looting of the fortress of Bergen-op-Zoom in 1747

The other was Italy, where a Franco-Spanish army under Maillebois and Infante Philip defeated the Sardinians at Bassignano on 27 September, then captured Alessandria, Valenza and Casale Monferrato.