A report on Chemical substance

Steam and liquid water are two different forms of the same chemical (pure) substance: water.

Colors of a single chemical (Nile red) in different solvents, under visible and UV light, showing how the chemical interacts dynamically with its solvent environment.

Native sulfur crystals. Sulfur occurs naturally as elemental sulfur, in sulfide and sulfate minerals and in hydrogen sulfide.

Potassium ferricyanide is a compound of potassium, iron, carbon and nitrogen; although it contains cyanide anions, it does not release them and is nontoxic.

Cranberry glass, while appearing homogeneous, is a mixture consisting of glass and gold colloidal particles of about 40nm in diameter, giving it a red color.

Chemicals in graduated cylinders and beaker.

Form of matter having constant chemical composition and characteristic properties.

- Chemical substance

18 related topics with Alpha

Solubility

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Formation of crystals in a 4.2 M ammonium sulfate solution. The solution was initially prepared at 20 °C and then stored for 2 days at 4 °C.

Thermodynamic cycle for calculating solvation via sublimation

Thermodynamic cycle for calculating solvation via fusion

In chemistry, solubility is the ability of a substance, the solute, to form a solution with another substance, the solvent.

Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals

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European Union regulation dating from 18 December 2006.

REACH addresses the production and use of chemical substances, and their potential impacts on both human health and the environment.

Glucose

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Simple sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6.

Glucose can exist in both a straight-chain and ring form.

Widely proposed arrow-pushing mechanism for acid-catalyzed dynamic equilibrium between the α- and β- anomers of D-glucopyranose

Glucose metabolism and various forms of it in the process.Glucose-containing compounds and isomeric forms are digested and taken up by the body in the intestines, including starch, glycogen, disaccharides and monosaccharides.Glucose is stored in mainly the liver and muscles as glycogen. It is distributed and used in tissues as free glucose.

Diagram showing the possible intermediates in glucose degradation; Metabolic pathways orange: glycolysis, green: Entner-Doudoroff pathway, phosphorylating, yellow: Entner-Doudoroff pathway, non-phosphorylating

Relative sweetness of various sugars in comparison with sucrose

Since glucose is a basic necessity of many organisms, a correct understanding of its chemical makeup and structure contributed greatly to a general advancement in organic chemistry.

International Chemical Identifier

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The IUPAC International Chemical Identifier (InChI or ) is a textual identifier for chemical substances, designed to provide a standard way to encode molecular information and to facilitate the search for such information in databases and on the web.

Screenshot of the CAS Common Chemistry database with information about cafeine (58-08-2).

CAS Registry Number

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A CAS Registry Number, also referred to as CAS RN or informally CAS Number, is a unique numerical identifier assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS), US to every chemical substance described in the open scientific literature.

Nitrogen

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Chemical element with the symbol N and atomic number 7.

The shapes of the five orbitals occupied in nitrogen. The two colours show the phase or sign of the wave function in each region. From left to right: 1s, 2s (cutaway to show internal structure), 2px, 2py, 2pz.

Table of nuclides (Segrè chart) from carbon to fluorine (including nitrogen). Orange indicates proton emission (nuclides outside the proton drip line); pink for positron emission (inverse beta decay); black for stable nuclides; blue for electron emission (beta decay); and violet for neutron emission (nuclides outside the neutron drip line). Proton number increases going up the vertical axis and neutron number going to the right on the horizontal axis.

Molecular orbital diagram of dinitrogen molecule, N2. There are five bonding orbitals and two antibonding orbitals (marked with an asterisk; orbitals involving the inner 1s electrons not shown), giving a total bond order of three.

Solid nitrogen on the plains of Sputnik Planitia on Pluto next to water ice mountains

Structure of [Ru(NH3)5(N2)]2+ (pentaamine(dinitrogen)ruthenium(II)), the first dinitrogen complex to be discovered

Mesomeric structures of borazine, (–BH–NH–)3

Standard reduction potentials for nitrogen-containing species. Top diagram shows potentials at pH 0; bottom diagram shows potentials at pH 14.

Nitrogen dioxide at −196 °C, 0 °C, 23 °C, 35 °C, and 50 °C. converts to colourless dinitrogen tetroxide at low temperatures, and reverts to at higher temperatures.

Fuming nitric acid contaminated with yellow nitrogen dioxide

Schematic representation of the flow of nitrogen compounds through a land environment

A container vehicle carrying liquid nitrogen.

The amount of nitrogen in a chemical substance can be determined by the Kjeldahl method.

Systematic name

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A systematic name is a name given in a systematic way to one unique group, organism, object or chemical substance, out of a specific population or collection.

Nature

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Physical world or universe.

The Blue Marble, which is a famous view of the Earth, taken in 1972 by the crew of Apollo 17

Three types of geological plate tectonic boundaries

An animation showing the movement of the continents from the separation of Pangaea until the present day

Plankton inhabit oceans, seas and lakes, and have existed in various forms for at least 2 billion years

Blue light is scattered more than other wavelengths by the gases in the atmosphere, giving the Earth a blue halo when seen from space

The Iguazu Falls on the border between Brazil and Argentina

A view of the Atlantic Ocean from Leblon, Rio de Janeiro

The Westborough Reservoir (Mill Pond) in Westborough, Massachusetts

The Nile river in Cairo, Egypt's capital city

Loch Lomond in Scotland forms a relatively isolated ecosystem. The fish community of this lake has remained unchanged over a very long period of time.

Lush green Aravalli Mountain Range in the Desert country – Rajasthan, India. A wonder how such greenery can exist in hot Rajasthan, a place well known for its Thar Desert

An aerial view of a human ecosystem. Pictured is the city of Chicago

Peñas Blancas, part of the Bosawás Biosphere Reserve. Located northeast of the city of Jinotega in Northeastern Nicaragua

Old growth European Beech forest in Biogradska Gora National Park, Montenegro

Female mallard and ducklings – reproduction is essential for continuing life

An area of the Amazon Rainforest shared between Colombia and Brazil. The tropical rainforests of South America contain the largest diversity of species on Earth

Despite their natural beauty, the secluded valleys along the Na Pali Coast in Hawaii are heavily modified by introduced invasive species such as She-oak

The first few hydrogen atom electron orbitals shown as cross-sections with color-coded probability density

Planets of the Solar System (Sizes to scale, distances and illumination not to scale)

NGC 4414 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices about 56,000 light-years in diameter and approximately 60 million light-years from Earth

Water is a chemical substance that is composed of hydrogen and oxygen (H2O) and is vital for all known forms of life.