A report on ChongqingChiang Kai-shek and Chengdu

Chiang in 1943
The archaeological site of Jinsha is a major discovery in Chengdu in 2001.
A street scene in Chongqing, c. 1944
Chiang Kai-shek in 1907
The Dujiangyan Irrigation System built in 256 BC still functions today.
A sunset view of Jiefangbei CBD and Hongya Cave, taken in 2017
Sun Yat-sen and Chiang at the 1924 opening ceremonies for the Soviet-funded Whampoa Military Academy
Huangchengba in 1911
Map including Chongqing (labeled as 重慶 CH'UNG-CH'ING (CHUNGKING)) (AMS, 1954)
Chiang in the early 1920s
An all-airwar was fought over Chengdu between the Chinese Air Force and the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy air forces; an I-16 fighter shown here at the Datangshan Aviation Museum
Topography of Chongqing
Chiang (right) together with Wang Jingwei (left), 1926
40th Bombardment Group Boeing B-29-5-BW Superfortress 42-6281 "20th Century Unlimited" at Hsinching Airfield (A-1), China, advanced China Base of the 40th Bomb Group after completion of a raid on Anshan, Manchuria. Mission No. 4, 29 July 1944
Qutang Gorge on the Yangtze River
Chiang and Feng Yuxiang in 1928
People's Liberation Army troops entered Chengdu on 27 December 1949
In the spring and fall, downtown Chongqing is often enshrouded in fog.
Chiang during a visit to an air force base in 1945
Map including Chengdu (labeled as CH'ENG-TU (walled) 成都) (AMS, 1958)
The Great Hall of the People serves as the venue for major political conferences in Chongqing
Chiang and Soong on the cover of Time magazine, 26 October 1931
Map including Chengdu (labeled as CH'ENG-TU)
Jiefangbei CBD, Yuzhong Peninsula of Chongqing at night
Nationalist government of Nanking – nominally ruling over entire China in 1930s
Jinli historical district of Chengdu
Jiefangbei (People's Liberation Monument), the landmark and center of Chongqing
After the breakout of the Second Sino-Japanese War, The Young Companion featured Chiang on its cover.
Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Chengdu
Chongqing products treemap, 2020
Chiang with Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill in Cairo, Egypt, November 1943
Sichuan Opera
Entrance to the Chongqing Nankai Secondary School
Chiang and his wife Soong Mei-ling sharing a laugh with U.S. Lieutenant General Joseph W. Stilwell, Burma, April 1942
Teahouse in Chengdu
A train of Chongqing Rail Transit Line 2 coming through a residential building at Liziba station.
Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong in 1945
Mahjong
An aerial tramway across the Yangtse river in Chongqing CBD Photo by Chen Hualin
Chiang with South Korean President Syngman Rhee in 1949
Pandas at the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding
Hydrofoil on the Yangtze in the outer reaches of the municipality
Map of the Chinese Civil War (1946–1950)
Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries
Chongqing funicular railway
Chiang with Japanese politician Nobusuke Kishi, in 1957
Wuhou Shrine
View of Chaotianmen Bridge across the Yangtze River in Chongqing
Chiang presiding over the 1966 Double Ten celebrations
Jinsha gold mask
Zhongshan Ancient Town, Jiangjin, Chongqing
Chiang with U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower in June 1960
The Golden Sun Bird
Chongqing Grand Theater
The National Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall is a famous monument, landmark, and tourist attraction in Taipei, Taiwan.
Sanxingdui bronze head
Martyrs' Cemetery
Chiang's portrait in Tiananmen Rostrum
Wenshu Monastery
Chongqing Art Museum
Chinese propaganda poster proclaiming "Long Live the President"
Qingyang Taoist Temple
The Hongya Cave (Hongya-dong) traditional Bayu-style stilted houses at Jiefangbei CBD
A Chinese stamp with Chiang Kai-shek
Starbucks at the Kuanzhai Alleys
The steep path up to the front gate of Fishing Town
Chiang Kai-shek and Winston Churchill heads, with Nationalist China flag and Union Jack
Jinli Street at night
Ciqikou ancient road in Shapingba District
Statue of Chiang Kai-shek in Yangmingshan National Park, Taiwan
Jinli Street
Typical Chongqing hot pot served with minced shrimp, tripes, pork aorta, goose intestine, and kidney slices.
Duke of Zhou
Huanglongxi Historic Town
Chongqing Xiao mian with peas and spicy bean paste
Chiang Kai-shek with the Muslim General Ma Fushou
Dr. Sun Yat-sen Square at Chunxi Road
Laziji is famous for its crispy texture
Chiang Kai-shek as Knight of the Royal Order of the Seraphim
Map of Chengdu showing infrastructures and land use, made by the CIA in 1989. Note that city mostly ends at what is today's second ring road.
Mao Fumei (毛福梅, 1882–1939), who died in the Second Sino-Japanese War during a bombardment, is the mother of his son and successor Chiang Ching-kuo
Chunxi Road
Yao Yecheng (姚冶誠, 1889–1972), who came to Taiwan and died in Taipei
Taikoo Li and IFS at the city centre
Chen Jieru (陳潔如, "Jennie", 1906–1971), who lived in Shanghai, but moved to Hong Kong later and died there
Terminal 2, Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport
Soong Mei-ling (宋美齡, 1898–2003), who moved to the United States after Chiang Kai-shek's death, is arguably his most famous wife even though they had no children together
Chengdu Tianfu International Airport
Jiangbeizui CBD from above, taken in 2018
Chengdu Metro Network
Chaotianmen Bridge connects Jiangbei District with Nan'an District of Chongqing, taken in 2018
Botanical Garden Station
Jiefangbei ({{zh|c=解放碑|l=People's Liberation Monument|labels=no}}) is a World War II victory monument
Chengdu BRT
Raffles City Chongqing, sitting in the confluence of Yangtze and Jialing River
Sichuan University
Southwestern University of Finance and Economics
Chengdu Fenghuangshan Sports Park professional football stadium
Chengdu Dong'an Lake Sports Park Stadium
Hongzhaobi, South Renmin Road, Chengdu
South Renmin Road, Chengdu
IFS, Hongxing Road, Chengdu
Hotel Waldorf Astoria in Chengdu
Nijia Qiao, South Renmin Road, Chengdu
Jin River, Shangri-la Hotel Chengdu
City Centre of Jinjiang District
Sino-Ocean Taikoo Li, Chengdu
Sino-Ocean Taikoo-Li, Chengdu
Financial City, Chengdu
Yanlord Landmark, Hongzhaobi Crossroads, Chengdu
Anshun Bridge and Jinjiang River
Daci Temple Taikoo Li
Chengdu Global Center
Arabica at Kuanzhai Alleys
The Dujiangyan Irrigation System built in 256 BC still functions today.
Xiling Snow Mountain

For eight years, he led the war of resistance against a vastly superior enemy, mostly from the wartime capital Chongqing.

- Chiang Kai-shek

During and after the Second Sino-Japanese War, from Nov 1937 to May 1946, it was Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek's provisional capital.

- Chongqing

During World War II, the capital city of China was forced to move inland from Nanjing to Wuhan in 1937 and from Wuhan to Chengdu, then from Chengdu to Chongqing in 1938, as the Kuomintang (KMT) government under Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek ultimately retreated to Sichuan to escape from the invading Japanese forces.

- Chengdu

Chongqing itself is part of the West Triangle Economic Zone, along with Chengdu and Xi'an.

- Chongqing

In the early morning of 10 December 1949, Communist troops laid siege to Chengdu, the last KMT-controlled city in mainland China, where Chiang Kai-shek and his son Chiang Ching-kuo directed the defense at the Chengtu Central Military Academy.

- Chiang Kai-shek

2 related topics with Alpha

Overall

Republic of China (1912–1949)

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Commonly recognised as the official designation of China from 1912 to 1949, when it was a country in East Asia based in Mainland China, prior to the relocation of its central government to Taiwan as a result of the Chinese Civil War.

Commonly recognised as the official designation of China from 1912 to 1949, when it was a country in East Asia based in Mainland China, prior to the relocation of its central government to Taiwan as a result of the Chinese Civil War.

Land controlled by the Republic of China (1946) shown in dark green; land claimed but uncontrolled shown in light green.
Sun Yat-sen, the founding father of the Republic of China.
Yuan Shikai (left) and Sun Yat-sen (right) with flags representing the early republic
Major Chinese warlord coalitions during the "Nanjing Decade".
Cooperation with Germany
China had been at war with Japan since 1931.
Chinese Nationalist Army soldiers during the 1938 Yellow River flood
The Nationalists' retreat to Taipei: after the Nationalists lost Nanjing (Nanking) they next moved to Guangzhou (Canton), then to Chongqing (Chungking), Chengdu (Chengtu) and Xichang (Sichang) before arriving in Taipei.
Nationalist government of Nanking – nominally ruling over entire China during 1930s
Beiyang Army troops on parade
The NRA during World War II
Boat traffic and development along Suzhou Creek, Shanghai, 1920
A 10 Custom Gold Units bill, 1930

General Chiang Kai-shek, who became the Chairman of the Kuomintang after Sun's death and subsequent power struggle in 1925, began the Northern Expedition in 1926 to overthrow the Beiyang government.

Three years later, in 1949, nearing the end of the civil war, the CCP established the People's Republic of China in Beijing, with the KMT-led ROC moving its capital several times from Nanjing to Guangzhou, followed by Chongqing, then Chengdu and lastly, Taipei.

Nanjing

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Capital of Jiangsu province of the People's Republic of China, a sub-provincial city, a megacity and the second largest city in the East China region.

Capital of Jiangsu province of the People's Republic of China, a sub-provincial city, a megacity and the second largest city in the East China region.

Purple Mountain or Zijin Shan, located to the east of the walled city of Nanjing, is the origin of the nickname "Jinling". The water in the front is Xuanwu Lake
A bixie sculpture at Xiao Xiu's tomb (AD518). Stone sculpture of the southern dynasties is widely considered as the city's icon.
The Śarīra pagoda in Qixia Temple. It was built in AD601 and rebuilt in the 10th century.
Ming Xiaoling is the mausoleum of the Hongwu Emperor, the founder of the Ming dynasty
The Ming Palace, also known as the "Forbidden City of Nanjing", was the imperial palace of the early Ming dynasty, when Nanjing was the capital of China.
Nanjing City Wall near Xuanwumen Gate
Mochou Lake
The Presidential Palace of the National Government of the Republic of China in Nanjing, 1927
Japanese soldiers entering the walled city of Nanjing through the Gate of China
Hall of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum
Map including Nanjing (labeled as 南京 NAN-CHING (NANKING) (Walled)) (AMS, 1955)
Map of Nanjing (labeled as 南京 NAN-CHING (NANKING))
Nanjing Region – Lower Yangtze Basin and Eastern China.
Autumn maple leaves in Qixia Mountain Temple.
7 December 2013 image from NASA's Terra Satellite of the Eastern China smog
People's Government of Nanjing City
Qinhuai River in 1920s
Old city of Nanjing 'Old Gate East'
Xinjiekou, Nanjing
Naning city centre in May 1987
Nanjing Zifeng Tower and the Purple Mountain in the background
Nanjing South Railway Station
Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge
Nanjing Metro Construction Plan by 2022
Nanjing Lukou International Airport, NKG
Third Nanjing Yangtze Bridge
Jiangnan Examination Hall
Kunqu
Nanjing Library
Nanjing Museum
Qinhuai River
Central Stadium
Nanjing Olympic Sports Center
City Wall of Nanjing and Yijiangmen Gate
East Gate of China
Qinhuai River
Jiming Temple
Jinghai Temple and Yuejiang Tower
Xuanwu Lake
The Porcelain Pagoda of Nanjing
Classical buildings in the Mochou Lake
Spirit Way of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum
Tower of Linggu Temple
Qixia Temple
Former Presidential Palace
Former National Assembly Building
Yihe Road
Former Ministry of Foreign Affairs Buildings
Former Capital Hotel
Former Academia Sinica Buildings
Gate of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum
National Revolutionary Army Memorial Cemetery
Gate of Presidential Residence at Purple Mountain
National Purple Mountain Observatory
Yuhuatai Memorial Park of Revolutionary Martyrs
Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders
Jinling Hotel
Nanjing Youth Olympic Towers
Nanjing University, Gulou campus
Nanjing University, Xianlin campus
Southeast University, Sipailou campus
Nanjing Normal University, Suiyuan campus

Nanjing is also considered a Beta (global second-tier) city classification, together with Chongqing, Hangzhou and Tianjin by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network, and ranked as one of the world's top 100 cities in the Global Financial Centres Index.

Nanjing served as the capital of Eastern Wu (229–280), one of the three major states in the Three Kingdoms period; the Eastern Jin and each of the Southern dynasties (Liu Song, Southern Qi, Liang and Chen), which successively ruled southern China from 317 to 589; the Southern Tang (937–75), one of the Ten Kingdoms; the Ming dynasty when, for the first time, all of China was ruled from the city (1368–1421); and the Republic of China under the nationalist Kuomintang (1927–37, 1946–49) prior to its flight to Taiwan by Chiang Kai-Shek during the Chinese Civil War.

The KMT government retreated to Canton (Guangzhou) until October 15, Chongqing until November 25, and then Chengdu before retreating to the island of Taiwan on December 10 where Taipei was proclaimed the temporary capital of the Republic of China.