A report on Kuomintang and Chiang Kai-shek

Chiang in 1943
The Revolutionary Army attacking Nanjing in 1911
Chiang Kai-shek in 1907
The KMT reveres its founder, Sun Yat-sen, as the "Father of the Nation"
Sun Yat-sen and Chiang at the 1924 opening ceremonies for the Soviet-funded Whampoa Military Academy
Venue of the 1st National Congress of Kuomintang in 1924
Chiang in the early 1920s
Chiang Kai-shek, leader of the Kuomintang after Sun's death in 1925
Chiang (right) together with Wang Jingwei (left), 1926
KMT flag displayed in Lhasa, Tibet in 1938
Chiang and Feng Yuxiang in 1928
The National Revolutionary Army soldiers marched into the British concessions in Hankou during the Northern Expedition
Chiang during a visit to an air force base in 1945
The KMT in Tihwa, Sinkiang in 1942
Chiang and Soong on the cover of Time magazine, 26 October 1931
Nationalist soldiers during the Second Sino-Japanese War
Nationalist government of Nanking – nominally ruling over entire China in 1930s
The retrocession of Taiwan in Taipei on 25 October 1945
After the breakout of the Second Sino-Japanese War, The Young Companion featured Chiang on its cover.
The former KMT headquarters in Taipei City (1949–2006), whose imposing structure, directly facing the Presidential Office Building, was seen as a symbol of the party's wealth and dominance
Chiang with Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill in Cairo, Egypt, November 1943
Pan-blue supporters at a rally during the 2004 presidential election
Chiang and his wife Soong Mei-ling sharing a laugh with U.S. Lieutenant General Joseph W. Stilwell, Burma, April 1942
Kuomintang public service center in Shilin, Taipei
Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong in 1945
Lien Chan (middle) and Wu Po-hsiung (second left) and the KMT touring the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in Nanjing, People's Republic of China when the Pan-Blue coalition visited the mainland in 2005
Chiang with South Korean President Syngman Rhee in 1949
KMT headquarters in Taipei City before the KMT Central Committee moved in June 2006 to a much more modest Bade building, having sold the original headquarters to private investors of the EVA Airways Corporation
Map of the Chinese Civil War (1946–1950)
KMT Kinmen headquarters office in Jincheng Township, Kinmen County
Chiang with Japanese politician Nobusuke Kishi, in 1957
KMT Building in Vancouver's Chinatown, British Columbia, Canada
Chiang presiding over the 1966 Double Ten celebrations
KMT branch office in Pingzhen District, Taoyuan City
Chiang with U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower in June 1960
The KMT maintains offices in some of the Chinatowns of the world and its United States party headquarters are located in San Francisco Chinatown, on Stockton Street directly across the Chinese Six Companies
The National Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall is a famous monument, landmark, and tourist attraction in Taipei, Taiwan.
KMT Eastern U.S. headquarters is in New York Chinatown
Chiang's portrait in Tiananmen Rostrum
KMT office of Australasia in Sydney, Australia
Chinese propaganda poster proclaiming "Long Live the President"
From left to right, KMT members pay tribute to the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in Beijing in 1928 after the success of the Northern Expedition: Generals Cheng Jin, Zhang Zuobao, Chen Diaoyuan, Chiang Kai-shek, Woo Tsin-hang, Yan Xishan, General Ma Fuxiang, Ma Sida and General Bai Chongxi
A Chinese stamp with Chiang Kai-shek
Malaysian Chinese Association
Chiang Kai-shek and Winston Churchill heads, with Nationalist China flag and Union Jack
Vietnamese Kuomintang
Statue of Chiang Kai-shek in Yangmingshan National Park, Taiwan
People's Action Party of Vietnam
Duke of Zhou
Taipei Grand Mosque
Chiang Kai-shek with the Muslim General Ma Fushou
The KMT reveres its founder, Sun Yat-sen, as the "Father of the Nation"
Chiang Kai-shek as Knight of the Royal Order of the Seraphim
Venue of the 1st National Congress of Kuomintang in 1924
Mao Fumei (毛福梅, 1882–1939), who died in the Second Sino-Japanese War during a bombardment, is the mother of his son and successor Chiang Ching-kuo
Yao Yecheng (姚冶誠, 1889–1972), who came to Taiwan and died in Taipei
Chen Jieru (陳潔如, "Jennie", 1906–1971), who lived in Shanghai, but moved to Hong Kong later and died there
Soong Mei-ling (宋美齡, 1898–2003), who moved to the United States after Chiang Kai-shek's death, is arguably his most famous wife even though they had no children together

Chiang Kai-shek (31 October 1887 – 5 April 1975), also known as Chiang Chung-cheng, Chiang Chieh-shih, Cheung Kai-shek and Jiang Jieshi, was a Chinese Nationalist politician, revolutionary and military leader, who served as the leader of the Republic of China from 1928 to until his death in 1975.

- Chiang Kai-shek

From 1926 to 1928, the KMT under Chiang Kai-shek successfully led the Northern Expedition against regional warlords and unified the fragmented nation.

- Kuomintang

82 related topics with Alpha

Overall

A French political cartoon in 1898, China – the cake of Kings and Emperors, showing Britain, Germany, Russia, France and Japan dividing China.

Unequal treaty

0 links

Name given by the Chinese to a series of treaties signed during the 19th and early 20th centuries, between China and various European powers, such as the British Empire, France, the German Empire, and the Russian Empire, as well as Japan and the United States.

Name given by the Chinese to a series of treaties signed during the 19th and early 20th centuries, between China and various European powers, such as the British Empire, France, the German Empire, and the Russian Empire, as well as Japan and the United States.

A French political cartoon in 1898, China – the cake of Kings and Emperors, showing Britain, Germany, Russia, France and Japan dividing China.
The Eight-Nation Alliance inside the Chinese imperial palace, the Forbidden City, during a celebration ceremony after the signing of the Boxer Protocol, 1901.

With the rise of Chinese nationalism and anti-imperialism in the 1920s, both the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party used the concept to characterize the Chinese experience of losing sovereignty between roughly 1840 to 1950.

After Chiang Kai-shek declared a new national government in 1927, the Western powers quickly offered diplomatic recognition, arousing anxiety in Japan.

Dai Li

2 links

Chinese spymaster.

Chinese spymaster.

Born Dai Chunfeng (Tai Chun-feng; 戴春風) in Bao'an, Jiangshan, Zhejiang province, he studied at the Whampoa Military Academy, where Chiang Kai-shek served as Chief Commandant, and later became head of Chiang's Military Intelligence Service.

As the Chief of the Kuomintang (KMT) Army secret service in China, Dai Li helped to develop China's modern intelligence organization in 1928, "Clandestine Investigation Section" directly under the Northern Expeditionary Army's Headquarters with the aims of an early victory of the war to quell the nationwide unrest and minimize the loss of life by making the most of military and political intelligence.

Allied troops in Vladivostok, August 1918, during the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War

Cold War

3 links

Period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc, which began following World War II.

Period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc, which began following World War II.

Allied troops in Vladivostok, August 1918, during the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
The "Big Three" at the Yalta Conference: Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin, 1945
Post-war Allied occupation zones in Germany
Clement Attlee, Harry S. Truman and Joseph Stalin at the Potsdam Conference, 1945
Post-war territorial changes in Europe and the formation of the Eastern Bloc, the so-called "Iron Curtain"
Remains of the "Iron Curtain" in the Czech Republic
C-47s unloading at Tempelhof Airport in Berlin during the Berlin Blockade
President Truman signs the North Atlantic Treaty with guests in the Oval Office.
Mao Zedong and Joseph Stalin in Moscow, December 1949
General Douglas MacArthur, UN Command CiC (seated), observes the naval shelling of Incheon, Korea from USS Mt. McKinley, 15 September 1950
US Marines engaged in street fighting during the liberation of Seoul, September 1950
NATO and Warsaw Pact troop strengths in Europe in 1959
From left to right: Soviet head of state Kliment Voroshilov, Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev and Finnish president Urho Kekkonen at Moscow in 1960.
The maximum territorial extent of Soviet influence, after the Cuban Revolution of 1959 and before the official Sino-Soviet split of 1961
Western colonial empires in Asia and Africa all collapsed in the years after 1945.
1961 Soviet stamp commemorating Patrice Lumumba, assassinated prime minister of the Republic of the Congo
The United States reached the Moon in 1969.
Che Guevara (left) and Fidel Castro (right) in 1961
Soviet and American tanks face each other at Checkpoint Charlie during the Berlin Crisis of 1961.
Aerial photograph of a Soviet missile site in Cuba, taken by a US spy aircraft, 1 November 1962
NATO and Warsaw Pact troop strengths in Europe in 1973
US combat operations during the Battle of Ia Drang, South Vietnam, November 1965
A manifestation of the Finlandization period: in April 1970, a Finnish stamp was issued in honor of the 100th anniversary of Vladimir Lenin's birth and the Lenin Symposium held in Tampere. The stamp was the first Finnish stamp issued about a foreign person.
The invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Union in 1968 was one of the biggest military operations on European soil since World War II.
Suharto of Indonesia attending funeral of five generals slain in 30 September Movement, 2 October 1965
Egyptian leader Anwar Sadat with Henry Kissinger in 1975
Chilean leader Augusto Pinochet shaking hands with Henry Kissinger in 1976
Cuban tank in the streets of Luanda, Angola, 1976
During the Khmer Rouge regime led by Pol Pot, 1.5 to 2 million people died due to the policies of his four-year premiership.
Mao Zedong and US President Richard Nixon, during his visit in China
Leonid Brezhnev and Jimmy Carter sign the SALT II treaty, 18 June 1979, in Vienna
Iranian people protesting against the Pahlavi dynasty, during the Iranian Revolution
Protest in Amsterdam against the deployment of Pershing II missiles in Europe, 1981
The Soviet invasion during Operation Storm-333 on 26 December 1979
President Reagan publicizes his support by meeting with Afghan mujahideen leaders in the White House, 1983.
President Reagan with Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher during a working luncheon at Camp David, December 1984
The world map of military alliances in 1980
US and USSR/Russian nuclear weapons stockpiles, 1945–2006
Delta 183 launch vehicle lifts off, carrying the Strategic Defense Initiative sensor experiment "Delta Star".
After ten-year-old American Samantha Smith wrote a letter to Yuri Andropov expressing her fear of nuclear war, Andropov invited Smith to the Soviet Union.
Mikhail Gorbachev and Ronald Reagan sign the INF Treaty at the White House, 1987.
The beginning of the 1990s brought a thaw in relations between the superpowers.
"Tear down this wall!" speech: Reagan speaking in front of the Brandenburg Gate, 12 June 1987
Otto von Habsburg, who played a leading role in opening the Iron Curtain.
Erich Honecker lost control in August 1989.
August Coup in Moscow, 1991
The human chain in Lithuania during the Baltic Way, 23 August 1989
Changes in national boundaries after the end of the Cold War
Since the end of the Cold War, the EU has expanded eastwards into the former Warsaw Pact and parts of the former Soviet Union.
A map showing the relations of Marxist–Leninist states after the Sino-Soviet split as of 1980:
The USSR and pro-Soviet socialist states
China and pro-Chinese socialist states
Neutral Socialist nations (North Korea and Yugoslavia)
Non-socialist states

In 1949, Mao Zedong's People's Liberation Army defeated Chiang Kai-shek's United States-backed Kuomintang (KMT) Nationalist Government in China.

Flag of the Vietnamese Nationalist Party, used from 1929 to 1945

Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng

1 links

Nationalist and democratic socialist political party that sought independence from French colonial rule in Vietnam during the early 20th century.

Nationalist and democratic socialist political party that sought independence from French colonial rule in Vietnam during the early 20th century.

Flag of the Vietnamese Nationalist Party, used from 1929 to 1945
Flag of the Vietnamese Revolutionary Army during the Yên Bái mutiny
Following the Yên Bái mutiny, the VNQDĐ went into exile in China, merging with some followers of Phan Bội Châu (pictured).
Ngo Dinh Diem

Modelling itself on the Kuomintang of Nationalist China (the same three characters in chữ Hán: ) the VNQDĐ gained a following among northerners, particularly teachers and intellectuals.

Although the VNQDĐ modelled itself on Sun Yat-sen's Chinese Nationalist Party (the Kuomintang or KMT, later led by Chiang Kai-shek), even down to copying the "Nationalist Party" designation, it had no direct relationship with its Chinese counterpart and in fact did not gain much attention outside Vietnam until the Yen Bay mutiny in 1930.

Paiwan and Rukai in Pingtung County

Taiwanese indigenous peoples

3 links

Taiwanese indigenous peoples (formerly Taiwanese aborigines), also known as Formosan people, Taiwanese Austronesians, Yuanzhumin or Gaoshan people, are the indigenous peoples of Taiwan, with the nationally recognized subgroups numbering about 569,000 or 2.38% of the island's population.

Taiwanese indigenous peoples (formerly Taiwanese aborigines), also known as Formosan people, Taiwanese Austronesians, Yuanzhumin or Gaoshan people, are the indigenous peoples of Taiwan, with the nationally recognized subgroups numbering about 569,000 or 2.38% of the island's population.

Paiwan and Rukai in Pingtung County
270x270px
300x300px
300x300px
Map showing the migration of the Austronesians out of Taiwan from c. 3000 BC
The opening paragraphs of the Gospel of Matthew in bilingual parallel format, from the first half of the 17th century, in the Dutch and Sinckan languages. (Campbell & Gravius (1888). The Gospel of St. Matthew in Formosan)
300x300px
300x300px
300x300px
300x300px
318x318px
Seediq Aboriginal rebels beheaded by Japanese aboriginal allies, in 1931 during the Musha Incident
290x290px
267x267px
300x300px
Pas-ta'ai, a ritual of the Saisiyat people
Young woman playing music in the Formosan Aboriginal Culture Village

During the early period of Chinese Nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) rule the terms Shandi Tongbao "mountain compatriots" and Pingdi Tongbao "plains compatriots" were invented, to remove the presumed taint of Japanese influence and reflect the place of Taiwan's indigenous people in the Chinese Nationalist state.

In 1949, on losing the Chinese Civil War to the Chinese Communist Party, Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek led the Kuomintang in a retreat from Mainland China, withdrawing its government and 1.3 million refugees to Taiwan.

Ili Rebellion

4 links

The Ili Rebellion (Üch Wiläyt inqilawi ) was a Uyghur separatist movement backed by the Soviet Union against the Kuomintang government of the Republic of China in 1944.

According to her autobiography, Dragon Fighter: One Woman's Epic Struggle for Peace with China, Rebiya Kadeer's father served with pro-Soviet Uyghur rebels under the Second East Turkestan Republic in the Ili Rebellion (Three Province Rebellion) in 1944–46, using Soviet assistance and aid to fight the Republic of China government under Chiang Kai-shek.

Chen Jiongming

1 links

Hailufeng Hokkien revolutionary figure in the early period of the Republic of China.

Hailufeng Hokkien revolutionary figure in the early period of the Republic of China.

Tomb of Chen Jiongming at Mount Ziwei, Huizhou, Guangdong.

Unexpectedly revolting against the Kuomintang militarily in 1922, Chen led his forces to attack Sun's residence as well as office.

After the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, he attacked Chiang Kai-shek's regime for its refusal to confront Japan and he organized boycotts of Japanese products.

Photo of the Drapchi Regiment of the Tibetan Army taken in the 1930s. This location is the Lhasa Drapchi army barracks and the Tibetan Government's Mint that made gold, silver and copper coins as well as paper notes.

Sino-Tibetan War

2 links

War that began in 1930 when the Tibetan Army under the 13th Dalai Lama invaded Chinese-administered eastern Kham region (later called Xikang), and the Yushu region in Qinghai, over disputes regarding monasteries.

War that began in 1930 when the Tibetan Army under the 13th Dalai Lama invaded Chinese-administered eastern Kham region (later called Xikang), and the Yushu region in Qinghai, over disputes regarding monasteries.

Photo of the Drapchi Regiment of the Tibetan Army taken in the 1930s. This location is the Lhasa Drapchi army barracks and the Tibetan Government's Mint that made gold, silver and copper coins as well as paper notes.
The border between Lhasa-controlled ("Outer Tibet") and Chinese-controlled ("Inner Tibet") regions in Kham, 1912–1945. The dark blue line represents the boundary proposed in the 1914 Simla Convention and the red line the overall boundary of Tibet. The remaining lines represent actual control: the dotted blue line up to 1910; the light blue line during 1912–1917; and the dark brown line during 1918–1932.

Ma clique warlord Ma Bufang secretly sent a telegram to Sichuan warlord Liu Wenhui and the leader of the Republic of China, Chiang Kai-shek, suggesting a joint attack on the Tibetan forces.

Kuomintang Muslim official Tang Kesan was sent to negotiate for an end to the fighting.

Isa Alptekin

1 links

Uyghur ultra-nationalist and pan-Turkic politician who served the Chinese Nationalist (KMT) regime and opposed both the First East Turkistan Republic and the Second East Turkestan Republic.

Uyghur ultra-nationalist and pan-Turkic politician who served the Chinese Nationalist (KMT) regime and opposed both the First East Turkistan Republic and the Second East Turkestan Republic.

They contacted Muhammad Amin Bughra when they also went to Afghanistan in 1940, asking him to come to Chongqing, the capital of the Kuomintang regime.

He asked Ma Bufang on whether Chiang Kaishek and the Chinese government would allow an independent Islamic state in southern Xinjiang to counter the Communists and the Soviet-backed Second East Turkestan Republic, but Ma Bufang did not bother with this request.

Yulbars Khan

1 links

Yulbars Khan (يۇلبارس خان, يۇلۋاس خان (يولبارس خان), 'Tiger'; or ; 13 August 1889 – 27 July 1971), courtesy name Jingfu (景福), was a Uyghur chieftain and Kuomintang general during the Chinese Civil War.

Yulbars Khan was declared a traitor by Uyghur figures in the East Turkestan Independence Movement like Muhammad Amin Bughra and Isa Yusuf Alptekin for siding with Chiang Kai-shek and the Kuomintang, who continued to claim Xinjiang as a part of the Republic of China.