A report on Second Sino-Japanese War, Chiang Kai-shek and Sheng Shicai

(clockwise from top left)Imperial Japanese Navy landing force in military gas masks in the Battle of Shanghai Japanese Type 92 heavy machine gunners during Operation Ichi-Go Victims of the Nanjing Massacre on the shore of the Qinhuai River Chinese machine gun nest in the Battle of Wuhan Japanese aircraft during the bombing of Chongqing Chinese Expeditionary Force marching in India
Chiang in 1943
Governor Sheng Shicai in the National Revolutionary Army general's uniform
Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, Allied Commander-in-Chief in the China theatre from 1942 to 1945
Chiang Kai-shek in 1907
Sheng Shicai in c. 1928
Japanese troops entering Shenyang during the Mukden Incident
Sun Yat-sen and Chiang at the 1924 opening ceremonies for the Soviet-funded Whampoa Military Academy
Sheng's rival Ma Zhongying
Japanese Empire's territorial expansion
Chiang in the early 1920s
Flag of Xinjiang, based on the flag of the Soviet Union, adopted in 1934
A baby sits in the remains of a Shanghai train station on 'Bloody Saturday', 1937
Chiang (right) together with Wang Jingwei (left), 1926
Soviet invasion in Kashgar
Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek announced the Kuomintang policy of resistance against Japan at Lushan on 10 July 1937, three days after the Marco Polo Bridge Incident.
Chiang and Feng Yuxiang in 1928
Abdul Niyaz with his soldiers in Kashgar during the rebellion
Japanese landing near Shanghai, November 1937
Chiang during a visit to an air force base in 1945
Sheng Shicai (fourth from right) with Garegin Presov (fifth from right) and Chinese Minister of Education Chen Lifu (fifth from left) in Ürümqi, October 1937
Japanese troops in the ruins of Shanghai
Chiang and Soong on the cover of Time magazine, 26 October 1931
Sheng Shicai (first row, third from left) at the founding of the Association for Promotion of the Han Chinese Culture
Soviet embassy in Nanjing is being burned down by arson on 1 January 1938.
Nationalist government of Nanking – nominally ruling over entire China in 1930s
Lazar Kaganovich
A Chinese POW about to be beheaded by a Japanese officer with a shin gunto
After the breakout of the Second Sino-Japanese War, The Young Companion featured Chiang on its cover.
Mao Zemin, Mao Zedong's brother, executed by Sheng Shicai in 1943
National Revolutionary Army soldiers during the 1938 Yellow River flood
Chiang with Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill in Cairo, Egypt, November 1943
Kuomintang in Xinjiang in 1942
Map showing the extent of Japanese occupation in 1941 (in red)
Chiang and his wife Soong Mei-ling sharing a laugh with U.S. Lieutenant General Joseph W. Stilwell, Burma, April 1942
Theaters (military operational regions) of the Chinese National Revolutionary Army from late 1938 to early 1940
Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong in 1945
Wang Jingwei and officers of the Collaborationist Chinese Army
Chiang with South Korean President Syngman Rhee in 1949
Chinese soldiers in house-to-house fighting in the Battle of Taierzhuang, March–April 1938
Map of the Chinese Civil War (1946–1950)
National Revolutionary Army soldiers march to the front in 1939.
Chiang with Japanese politician Nobusuke Kishi, in 1957
Eighth Route Army Commander Zhu De with a KMT "Blue Sky, White Sun" emblem cap
Chiang presiding over the 1966 Double Ten celebrations
115th Division of the Eighth Route Army Lieutenant General (NRA rank) Lin Biao in NRA uniform
Chiang with U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower in June 1960
War declaration against Japan by the Chongqing Nationalist Government on 9 December 1941
The National Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall is a famous monument, landmark, and tourist attraction in Taipei, Taiwan.
Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek and his wife Madame Chiang with Lieutenant General Joseph Stilwell in 1942, Burma
Chiang's portrait in Tiananmen Rostrum
A United States poster from the United China Relief organization advocating aid to China.
Chinese propaganda poster proclaiming "Long Live the President"
Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill met at the Cairo Conference in 1943 during World War II.
A Chinese stamp with Chiang Kai-shek
H. H. Kung and Adolf Hitler in Berlin
Chiang Kai-shek and Winston Churchill heads, with Nationalist China flag and Union Jack
I-16 with Chinese insignia. The I-16 was the main fighter plane used by the Chinese Air Force and Soviet volunteers.
Statue of Chiang Kai-shek in Yangmingshan National Park, Taiwan
Flying Tigers Commander Claire Lee Chennault
Duke of Zhou
A "blood chit" issued to American Volunteer Group pilots requesting all Chinese to offer rescue and protection
Chiang Kai-shek with the Muslim General Ma Fushou
Free Thai, American and Chinese military officers in China during the war
Chiang Kai-shek as Knight of the Royal Order of the Seraphim
The India–China airlift delivered approximately 650,000 tons of materiel to China at a cost of 1,659 men and 594 aircraft.
Mao Fumei (毛福梅, 1882–1939), who died in the Second Sino-Japanese War during a bombardment, is the mother of his son and successor Chiang Ching-kuo
French colonial troops retreating to the Chinese border after the Japanese coup d'état in March 1945
Yao Yecheng (姚冶誠, 1889–1972), who came to Taiwan and died in Taipei
Chinese Muslim cavalry
Chen Jieru (陳潔如, "Jennie", 1906–1971), who lived in Shanghai, but moved to Hong Kong later and died there
Chinese Muslim soldiers
Soong Mei-ling (宋美齡, 1898–2003), who moved to the United States after Chiang Kai-shek's death, is arguably his most famous wife even though they had no children together
WWII victory parade at Chongqing on 3 September 1945
Japanese troops surrendering to the Chinese
The Chinese return to Liuzhou in July 1945.
Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong in 1945
China War of Resistance Against Japan Memorial Museum on the site where the Marco Polo Bridge Incident took place
The Taiwan Strait and the island of Taiwan
Casualties of a mass panic during a June 1941 Japanese bombing of Chongqing. More than 5,000 civilians died during the first two days of air raids in 1939.
Japanese war crime against a Chinese POW
Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces with gas masks and rubber gloves during a chemical attack near Chapei in the Battle of Shanghai
Chinese suicide bomber putting on an explosive vest made out of Model 24 hand grenades to use in an attack on Japanese tanks at the Battle of Taierzhuang

Following the Marco Polo Bridge Incident in 1937, he mobilized China for the Second Sino-Japanese War.

- Chiang Kai-shek

Although he supported the anti-Zhang coup, he was able to return to Japan with the support of Feng Yuxiang and Chiang Kai-Shek, from whom he received financial help and considered him as his patron.

- Sheng Shicai

Later in the same year, Zhang decided to declare his allegiance to the Nationalist government in Nanjing under Chiang Kai-shek, and consequently, China was nominally reunified under one government.

- Second Sino-Japanese War

Most of China's industry had already been captured or destroyed by Japan, and the Soviet Union refused to allow the United States to supply China through Kazakhstan into Xinjiang as the Xinjiang warlord Sheng Shicai had turned anti-Soviet in 1942 with Chiang's approval.

- Second Sino-Japanese War

As the full-scale War of Resistance/WWII broke out between China and the Empire of Japan, the Chinese government entered the Sino-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact in a joint war effort against imperial Japan.

- Sheng Shicai

Chiang also supported the Muslim General Ma Zhongying, whom he had trained at Whampoa Military Academy during the Kumul Rebellion, in a Jihad against Jin Shuren, Sheng Shicai, and the Soviet Union during the Soviet Invasion of Xinjiang.

- Chiang Kai-shek
(clockwise from top left)Imperial Japanese Navy landing force in military gas masks in the Battle of Shanghai Japanese Type 92 heavy machine gunners during Operation Ichi-Go Victims of the Nanjing Massacre on the shore of the Qinhuai River Chinese machine gun nest in the Battle of Wuhan Japanese aircraft during the bombing of Chongqing Chinese Expeditionary Force marching in India

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