A report on Chinese gunboat Zhongshan

Model of SS Zhongshan
Salvaging of SS Zhongshan. (A model in the Zhongshan Warship Museum)
Zhongshan Warship Museum {{nowrap|(:zh:中山舰博物馆)}} in Wuhan
The restored Zhongshan inside the museum
Zhongshan seen from the stern
Damage the ship sustained during her sinking

Chinese gunboat built in Japan in 1913.

- Chinese gunboat Zhongshan
Model of SS Zhongshan

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Chiang in 1943

Chiang Kai-shek

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Chinese Nationalist politician, revolutionary and military leader, who served as the leader of the Republic of China from 1928 to until his death in 1975.

Chinese Nationalist politician, revolutionary and military leader, who served as the leader of the Republic of China from 1928 to until his death in 1975.

Chiang in 1943
Chiang Kai-shek in 1907
Sun Yat-sen and Chiang at the 1924 opening ceremonies for the Soviet-funded Whampoa Military Academy
Chiang in the early 1920s
Chiang (right) together with Wang Jingwei (left), 1926
Chiang and Feng Yuxiang in 1928
Chiang during a visit to an air force base in 1945
Chiang and Soong on the cover of Time magazine, 26 October 1931
Nationalist government of Nanking – nominally ruling over entire China in 1930s
After the breakout of the Second Sino-Japanese War, The Young Companion featured Chiang on its cover.
Chiang with Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill in Cairo, Egypt, November 1943
Chiang and his wife Soong Mei-ling sharing a laugh with U.S. Lieutenant General Joseph W. Stilwell, Burma, April 1942
Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong in 1945
Chiang with South Korean President Syngman Rhee in 1949
Map of the Chinese Civil War (1946–1950)
Chiang with Japanese politician Nobusuke Kishi, in 1957
Chiang presiding over the 1966 Double Ten celebrations
Chiang with U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower in June 1960
The National Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall is a famous monument, landmark, and tourist attraction in Taipei, Taiwan.
Chiang's portrait in Tiananmen Rostrum
Chinese propaganda poster proclaiming "Long Live the President"
A Chinese stamp with Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek and Winston Churchill heads, with Nationalist China flag and Union Jack
Statue of Chiang Kai-shek in Yangmingshan National Park, Taiwan
Duke of Zhou
Chiang Kai-shek with the Muslim General Ma Fushou
Chiang Kai-shek as Knight of the Royal Order of the Seraphim
Mao Fumei (毛福梅, 1882–1939), who died in the Second Sino-Japanese War during a bombardment, is the mother of his son and successor Chiang Ching-kuo
Yao Yecheng (姚冶誠, 1889–1972), who came to Taiwan and died in Taipei
Chen Jieru (陳潔如, "Jennie", 1906–1971), who lived in Shanghai, but moved to Hong Kong later and died there
Soong Mei-ling (宋美齡, 1898–2003), who moved to the United States after Chiang Kai-shek's death, is arguably his most famous wife even though they had no children together

They met on the SS Yongfeng, where Chiang joined them as swiftly as he could return from Shanghai, where he was ritually mourning his mother's death.

Panlongcheng, located in the southernmost area of the Erligang culture

Wuhan

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Capital of Hubei Province in the People's Republic of China.

Capital of Hubei Province in the People's Republic of China.

Panlongcheng, located in the southernmost area of the Erligang culture
Yellow Crane Tower
Wuhan in 1864
Foreign concessions along the Hankow Bund c. 1900.
Wuchang Uprising Memorial, the original site of revolutionary government in 1911
Present-day Wuhan area in 1915
A map of Wuhan painted by the Japanese in 1930, with Hankou being the most prosperous sector
The gunboat Zhongshan
Chiang Kai-Shek inspecting Chinese soldiers in Wuhan as Japanese forces approach the city
People's Liberation Army troops at Zhongshan Avenue, Hankou on May 16, 1949
In his poem "Swimming" (1956), engraved on the 1954 Flood Memorial in Wuhan, Mao Zedong envisions "walls of stone" to be erected upstream.
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Map including the Wuhan area (AMS, 1953)
Hongshan District
The main gate of Wuhan Municipal Party Committee
A night sight near a modern shopping mall in Hongshan District
A tram in University Science Park Station
Tianhe Airport Terminal 3
Happy Valley Wuhan amusement park
Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng, made in 433 BC, now on display at the Hubei Provincial Museum in Wuhan
The old library (center), dorm (below), and schools of literature and law (left and right) of Wuhan University
The Institute for Advanced Studies at Wuhan University
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Fried hongshan caitai (洪山菜薹)
Doupi on the left and Re-gan mian on the right
Second bridge
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Li Na, a former professional tennis player and two-time Grand Slam champion, serving at Wimbledon 2008, 1st round against Anastasia Rodionova
President Li Yuanhong
Baotong Buddhist Temple
Gude Buddhist Temple
Thanksgiving Protestant Church
Holy Family Catholic Church

On October 24, while overseeing the waters of the Yangtze River near the town of Jinkou (Jiangxia District in Wuhan) in Wuchang, the KMT gunboat Zhongshan came up against six Japanese aircraft.

Portrait of the Grotto of the Five Immortals, the Taoist temple around the five stones which gave Guangzhou its nickname "The City of Rams".

Guangzhou

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Capital and the largest city of Guangdong province in southern China.

Capital and the largest city of Guangdong province in southern China.

Portrait of the Grotto of the Five Immortals, the Taoist temple around the five stones which gave Guangzhou its nickname "The City of Rams".
The jade burial suit of Zhao Mo in Guangzhou's Nanyue King Museum
Guangzhou (as 廣) on the 1136 Map of the Tracks of Yu
Old photograph of a commercial Guangzhou street
Guangzhou ("Canton") and the surrounding islands of Henan ("Hanan"), Pazhou ("Whampoa"), changzhou ("Dane's Island"), and Xiaoguwei ("French Island") during the First Opium War's Second Battle of Canton. The large East Indiamen of the Canton trade used the anchorage sheltered by these four islands, but the village and island of Huangpu for which it was named make up no part of present-day Guangzhou's Huangpu District.
Mausoleum of the 72 Martyrs
Map of Guangzhou (labeled as KUANG-CHOU (CANTON) 廣州) in surrounding region (AMS, 1954)
Tiantang Peak, highest mountain in Guangzhou
The first Canton Fair (1957) at the Sino-Soviet Friendship Building
The east square of Guangzhou railway station in 1991.
Guangzhou Opera House
Guangdong Olympic Stadium
Tianhe Stadium is the home of Guangzhou F.C.
Yuexiushan Stadium is the home of Guangzhou City F.C.
Canton Tower
Bombax ceiba, Guangzhou's official flower
Shangxiajiu Pedestrian Street
Sun Yat-sen University main gate
The College of Medical Science at Sun Yat-sen University
Guangzhou Library
Nieuhof's imaginative 1665 map of "Kanton",<ref>{{citation |last=La Carpentier |first=Jean-Baptiste |author-link=Jean-Baptiste Le Carpentier |title=L'Ambassade de la Compagnie Orientale des Provinces Unies vers l'Empereur de la Chine [Embassy of the United Provinces' East India Company to the Emperor of China] |date=1655 |language=fr}}</ref> made from secondhand accounts when Europeans were still forbidden from entering the walled city
The Thirteen Factories {{c.|1805|lk=no}}, displaying the flags of Denmark, Spain, the United States, Sweden, Britain, and the Netherlands
An 1855 painting of the gallery of Tingqua, one of the most successful suppliers of "export paintings" for Guangzhou's foreign traders.
Vrooman's 1860 map of the "City and Entire Suburbs of Canton", one of the first made after the treaties of Tianjin and Beijing permitted foreigners full access to Guangzhou's walled city
The Flowery Pagoda at the Temple of the Six Banyan Trees in 1863
The Five-story Pagoda atop Yuexiu Hill {{c.|1880|lk=no}}
The Sacred Heart Cathedral towering over the one- and two-story homes of old Guangzhou {{c.|1880|lk=no}}
Street scene in Guangzhou, 1919
The US Navy's Dept of Navigation's 1920 map of "Canton"<ref>{{citation |url=https://archive.org/stream/cantonchina00unitrich#page/4/mode/2up |title=US Navy Ports of the World: Canton |publisher=US Bureau of Navigation |series=Ditty Box Guide Book Series |year=1920 |at=Canton}}</ref>
Sun Yat-sen and Chiang Kai-shek at the opening of the Whampoa Military Academy on 16 June 1924
The Guangzhou Bund in 1930, with rows of Tanka boats.
The People's Liberation Army entering Guangzhou on 14 October 1949
Map of Guangzhou (labeled as KUANG-CHOU (CANTON))
Guangzhou skyline
The former Canton Fair site at Yuexiu's Liuhua Complex
Interior of the current Canton Fair site in Pazhou, 2006
Gongyuanqian Station of the Guangzhou Metro
Tianhe Sports Center Station (GBRT)
Baiyun International Airport in Huadu District
A CRH3 Train at Guangzhou South Railway Station
A Tram at Wanshengwei Station
Guangzhou's Temple of the Five Immortals
{{nowrap|The Hall of the 500 Arhats}} at the {{nowrap|Flowery Forest Temple}} (Hualin) in the 1870s
{{nowrap|The Temple of Bright Filial Piety}}
Guangzhou's City God Temple
The sacred pigs of the Ocean Banner Temple ({{nowrap|Hoi Tong)}} in the 1830s
{{nowrap|The Flower Pagoda}} at the Temple of the Six Banyan Trees (Liurong)
The Thousand Buddha Tower at the present-day {{nowrap|Hoi Tong Monastery}}
Sacred Heart Cathedral
Tianhe Church, built in 2017
The Pearl River at Haiyin Bridge
Zhujiang New City from Pakwan or Baiyun Mountain
A brick carving at the Guangzhou Folk Art Museum, housed in the Chen Clan Ancestral Hall
Canton Custom House (est. 1916), one of the oldest surviving in China
Aiqun Hotel, Guangzhou's tallest building from 1937 to 1967
Our Lady of Lourdes Chapel on Shamian
The old provincial capitol, now the Museum of Revolutionary History
Guangzhou's CBD, including the IFC (right)

On 16 June 1922, Sun was ousted in a coup and fled on the warship Yongfeng after Chen sided with the Zhili Clique's Beijing government.

Sun Yat-sen

Sun Yat-sen

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Chinese statesman, physician, and political philosopher, who served as the first provisional president of the Republic of China and the first leader of the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party of China).

Chinese statesman, physician, and political philosopher, who served as the first provisional president of the Republic of China and the first leader of the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party of China).

Sun Yat-sen
Photograph of Sun Yat-sen, c. 1911
Silver coin: 1 yuan - Sun Yat Sen, 1927
Sun Yat-sen (back row, fourth from right) and his family
Sun (second from left) and his friends the Four Bandits: Yeung Hok-ling (left), Chan Siu-bak (middle), Yau Lit (right), and Guan Jingliang (關景良, standing) at the Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese, circa 1888
Plaque in London marking the site of a house at 4 Warwick Court, WC1 where Sun Yat-sen lived while in exile
Letter from Sun Yat-sen to James Cantlie announcing to him that he has assumed the Presidency of the Provisional Republican Government of China, dated 21 January 1912
A letter with Sun's seal commencing the Tongmenghui in Hong Kong
Interior of the Wan Qing Yuan featuring Sun's items and photos
The Sun Yat-sen Museum in George Town, Penang, Malaysia, where he planned the Xinhai Revolution.
The Revolutionary Army of the Wuchang uprising fighting in the Battle of Yangxia
"Portrait of Sun Yat-sen" (1921) Li Tiefu Oil on Canvas 93×71.7cm
(L-R): Liao Zhongkai, Chiang Kai-shek, Sun Yat-sen and Soong Ching-ling at the founding of the Whampoa Military Academy in 1924
Sun Yat-sen (seated) and Chiang Kai-shek
Sun (seated, right) and his wife Soong Ching-ling (seated next to him) in Kobe, Japan in 1924
Chinese generals at the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in 1928 after the Northern Expedition. From right: Cheng Jin (何成浚), Zhang Zuobao (張作寶), Chen Diaoyuan (陳調元), Chiang Kai-shek, Woo Tsin-hang, Yan Xishan, Ma Fuxiang, Ma Sida (馬四達), and Bai Chongxi.
Statue in the Mausoleum, Kuomintang flag on the ceiling
Lu Muzhen (1867–1952), Sun's first wife from 1885 to 1915
Kaoru Otsuki, Sun's Japanese wife
Fumiko, the daughter of Sun and Kaoru
Aerial perspective of Sun Yat Sen Nanyang Memorial Hall in central Singapore. Taken in 2016
Sun Yat-Sen monument in Chinatown area of Los Angeles, California
Sun Yat-Sen plaza in the Chinese Quarter of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Sun Yat-sen tribute in Tiananmen Square, 2010
Mausoleum of Sun Yat-sen, Nanjing.
Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall, Guangzhou.
Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall, Taipei
Sun Yat-sen Memorial Centre, George Town, Penang, Malaysia
A marker on the Sun Yat-sen Historical Trail on Hong Kong Island

Two ships are also named after him, the Chinese gunboat Chung Shan and Chinese cruiser Yat Sen.

Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall (Guangzhou)

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Octagon-shaped building in Guangzhou, capital of China's Guangdong Province.

Octagon-shaped building in Guangzhou, capital of China's Guangdong Province.

Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall depicted on the reverse of a 1931 Kwangtung Provincial Bank 1 Dollar Banknote.

The palace was damaged during Ye Ju's 16 June 1922 attack on Sun Yat-sen, during which—though he had already fled—his wife narrowly escaped shelling and rifle fire before meeting him on the gunboat Yongfeng, where they were joined by Chiang Kai-shek.

Chiang Kai-shek leading the Northern Expedition in 1926.

Canton Coup

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Purge of Communist elements of the Nationalist army in Guangzhou undertaken by Chiang Kai-shek.

Purge of Communist elements of the Nationalist army in Guangzhou undertaken by Chiang Kai-shek.

Chiang Kai-shek leading the Northern Expedition in 1926.
A model of the Zhongshan.
The Zhongshan Warship Museum in Wuhan.
The restored warship.
Guangzhou ("Canton") in the 1920s.

The coastal defense ship SS Yongfeng had been renamed the SS Zhongshan (romanized at the time as Chung Shan) in honor of Sun Yat-sen following his death.

Ye Ju

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Chinese Nationalist general and governor of Guangdong Province.

Chinese Nationalist general and governor of Guangdong Province.

Sun had already fled but his wife narrowly escaped shelling and rifle fire before meeting him on the gunboat Yongfeng where they were soon joined by Chiang Kai-shek.

Union ironclad river gunboats assault the Confederates at Fort Donelson on February 1862, during the American Civil War.

Gunboat

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Naval watercraft designed for the express purpose of carrying one or more guns to bombard coastal targets, as opposed to those military craft designed for naval warfare, or for ferrying troops or supplies.

Naval watercraft designed for the express purpose of carrying one or more guns to bombard coastal targets, as opposed to those military craft designed for naval warfare, or for ferrying troops or supplies.

Union ironclad river gunboats assault the Confederates at Fort Donelson on February 1862, during the American Civil War.
A model of a type of decked "gun yawl" designed by Fredrik Henrik af Chapman and used by the Swedish archipelago fleet
The screw gunboat USS Alliance (1877), circa 1880.
, a gunboat diplomat in the Agadir Crisis of 1911
HMS Ladybird (with larger-calibre guns installed in 1939).
Russian postage stamp issued in 2013, showing the Soviet Project 1125 armoured boat BKA-75. Launched in 1940, it served with the Ladoga Flotilla, Volga Flotilla, Azov Flotilla and Danube Flotilla. In 1943 BKA-75 was awarded the status of a Guards unit.
Point Gammon gets a camouflage coat of dark grey paint at Da Nang, October 1965, for its conversion from Coast Guard use to Vietnam War river patrol duties.

(1912) - SS Zhongshan is currently preserved in Wuhan, China.

A school registration paper used with Sun Tai-tseung (Sun Dìxiàng)

Names of Sun Yat-sen

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Known in Chinese under several of them.

Known in Chinese under several of them.

A school registration paper used with Sun Tai-tseung (Sun Dìxiàng)
A stone using the more common name in Chinese, Zhongsan

Many cities in both mainland China and Taiwan feature streets and many other public facilities so named, for example Zhongshan Roads, Zhongshan Parks, and Zhongshan warship.

SS Hsin Wah

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Steamship owned by China Merchants Steam Navigation Company, navigating between Canton City, Hong Kong, and Shanghai.

Steamship owned by China Merchants Steam Navigation Company, navigating between Canton City, Hong Kong, and Shanghai.

The ship was seized by pirates of Bias Bay in 1928 and saved by the SS Zhongshan (then written Chung Shan).