Chongqing and Related Topics

Sichuan

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Landlocked province in Southwest China occupying most of the Sichuan Basin and the easternmost part of the Tibetan Plateau between the Jinsha River on the west, the Daba Mountains in the north and the Yungui Plateau to the south.

Bronze head from Sanxingdui, dating from the Shu kingdom

A stone-carved gate pillar, or que, 6 m in total height, located at the tomb of Gao Yi in Ya'an, Sichuan, built during the Eastern Han dynasty (25–220 CE)

Warlords in China around 194; Liu Bei's takeover of Yi Province meant he seized the positions of Liu Biao and Zhang Lu eventually

The Leshan Giant Buddha, built during the latter half of the Tang dynasty (618–907).

Japanese bombers bombing a Chinese road in Sichuan during WW2

Shops in Jundao, a town devastated by the 2008 Sichuan earthquake

Giant pandas eating bamboo in Chengdu, Sichuan

Waldorf Astoria Hotels & Resorts in Chengdu

Sichuan–Tibet Highway passes by Lake Kasa in Luhuo County.

The Yi are the largest ethnic minority group in Sichuan.

Extent of present-day Sichuanese language

Linpan in Chengdu Plain is a well-known landmark in Chengdu Plain, Sichuan.

View of the Temple of the Yellow Dragon (Chinese Buddhism) in Huanglong.

Statues of buddhas at Litang Monastery of the Tibetan tradition.

A pavilion of the Shangqing Temple (Taoist) in Qingchengshan, Chengdu.

Golden Temple of Mount Emei (Chinese Buddhism).

Kung Pao chicken, one of the best known dishes of Sichuan cuisine

Mixed sauce noodles ({{lang|zh-hans|杂酱面}})

Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area

{{ill|Baba Temple|zh|巴巴寺}}, a Chinese Sufi mosque in Langzhong.

{{ill|Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, Chengdu|es|Catedral de la Inmaculada Concepción de Chengdu}} (Roman Catholic)

St John's Cathedral, Langzhong (Anglican)

Sichuan neighbors the Qinghai to the northwest, Gansu to the north, Shaanxi to the northeast, Chongqing to the east, Guizhou to the southeast, Yunnan to the south, and the Tibet Autonomous Region to the west.

Hubei

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Landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, and is part of the Central China region.

Detail of an embroidered silk gauze ritual garment from a 4th-century BC, Zhou era tomb at Mashan, Jiangling County, Hubei

Liangtai River valley in Xingshan County. This is an important agricultural area since planting rice and other crops is more feasible here than on the surrounding mountain slopes

The Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River

Tea plantations on the western slopes of the Muyu Valley

Garden At Huazhong Agricultural University

University Stadium of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan

Rural Buddhist community temple in Xianning

Hubei borders the provinces of Henan to the north, Anhui to the east, Jiangxi to the southeast, Hunan to the south, Chongqing to the west, and Shaanxi to the northwest.

Nanjing

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Capital of Jiangsu province of the People's Republic of China, a sub-provincial city, a megacity and the second largest city in the East China region.

Purple Mountain or Zijin Shan, located to the east of the walled city of Nanjing, is the origin of the nickname "Jinling". The water in the front is Xuanwu Lake

A bixie sculpture at Xiao Xiu's tomb (AD518). Stone sculpture of the southern dynasties is widely considered as the city's icon.

The Śarīra pagoda in Qixia Temple. It was built in AD601 and rebuilt in the 10th century.

Ming Xiaoling is the mausoleum of the Hongwu Emperor, the founder of the Ming dynasty

The Ming Palace, also known as the "Forbidden City of Nanjing", was the imperial palace of the early Ming dynasty, when Nanjing was the capital of China.

The Presidential Palace of the National Government of the Republic of China in Nanjing, 1927

Japanese soldiers entering the walled city of Nanjing through the Gate of China

Map including Nanjing (labeled as 南京 NAN-CHING (NANKING) (Walled)) (AMS, 1955)

Map of Nanjing (labeled as 南京 NAN-CHING (NANKING))

Nanjing Region – Lower Yangtze Basin and Eastern China.

Autumn maple leaves in Qixia Mountain Temple.

7 December 2013 image from NASA's Terra Satellite of the Eastern China smog

Nanjing Zifeng Tower and the Purple Mountain in the background

Nanjing Lukou International Airport, NKG

City Wall of Nanjing and Yijiangmen Gate

Former Ministry of Foreign Affairs Buildings

National Revolutionary Army Memorial Cemetery

Gate of Presidential Residence at Purple Mountain

Yuhuatai Memorial Park of Revolutionary Martyrs

Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders

Nanjing Normal University, Suiyuan campus

Nanjing is also considered a Beta (global second-tier) city classification, together with Chongqing, Hangzhou and Tianjin by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network, and ranked as one of the world's top 100 cities in the Global Financial Centres Index.

Yangtze

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Longest river in Asia, the third-longest in the world and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country.

Golden Island, on The Yang-Tse River, China (LMS, 1869, p.64)

The Qutang Gorge along the Yangtze River.

A map of China depicting the Yellow River's southerly path following its stabilization by the Grand Eunuch Li Xing's public works after the 1494 flood

Afternoon in the jagged mountains rising from the Yangtze River gorge

A map of the Warring States around 350 BC, showing the former coastline of the Yangtze delta

The Imperial Japanese Navy armored cruiser Izumo in Shanghai in 1937. She sank riverboats on the Yangtze in 1941.

Map of the Yangtze river locating the Three Gorges Dam

Satellite map showing the lake created by the Three Gorges Dam. Compare Nov. 7, 2006 (above) with April 17, 1987 (below).

Diagram showing dams planned for the upper reaches of the Yangtze River

A shipyard on the banks of the Yangtze building commercial river freight boats

The two sturgeon species in the Yangtze (here Chinese sturgeon) are both seriously threatened.

The silver carp is native to the river, but has (like other Asian carp) been spread through large parts of the world with aquaculture.

The critically endangered Chinese alligator is one of the smallest crocodilians, reaching a maximum length of about 2 m.

The entirely aquatic Chinese giant salamander is the world's largest amphibian, reaching up to 1.8 m in length.

The Chinese mitten crab is a commercially important species in the Yangtze, but invasive in other parts of the world.

The glaciers of the Tanggula Mountains, the traditional source of the Yangtze River

The Tuotuo River, a headwater stream of the Yangtze River, known in Tibetan as Maqu, or the "Red River"

The first turn of the Yangtze at Shigu (石鼓) in Yunnan, where the river turns 180 degrees from south- to north-bound

Narrowest point of the Tiger Leaping Gorge near Lijiang downstream from Shigu

The Jinsha, "Golden Sands River", in Yunnan

Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, the first bridge crossing Yangtze, was completed in 1957.

The Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, a beam bridge, was completed in 1968.

The Jiujiang Yangtze River Bridge, an arch bridge, was completed in 1992.

The Yichang Yangtze Highway Bridge, a suspension bridge near the Gezhouba Dam lock, was completed in 1996.

The Sutong Yangtze River Bridge, between Nantong and Suzhou, was one of the longest cable-stayed bridges in the world when it was completed in 2008.

The Caiyuanba Bridge, an arch bridge in Chongqing, was completed in 2007.

The cable-stayed Anqing Yangtze River Bridge at Anqing, was completed in 2005.

Wuhan Metro Line 2 is the first underground rail line crossing the Yangtze River.

Lake Dongting and the Yuan, Zi, Li, and Xiang Rivers in Hunan

Jialing River in eastern Sichuan and Chongqing Municipality

From Yibin to Yichang, the river through Sichuan and Chongqing Municipality is also known as the or "Sichuan River."

Panlongcheng, located in the southernmost area of the Erligang culture

Wuhan

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Capital of Hubei Province in the People's Republic of China.

Foreign concessions along the Hankow Bund c. 1900.

Wuchang Uprising Memorial, the original site of revolutionary government in 1911

A map of Wuhan painted by the Japanese in 1930, with Hankou being the most prosperous sector

Chiang Kai-Shek inspecting Chinese soldiers in Wuhan as Japanese forces approach the city

People's Liberation Army troops at Zhongshan Avenue, Hankou on May 16, 1949

In his poem "Swimming" (1956), engraved on the 1954 Flood Memorial in Wuhan, Mao Zedong envisions "walls of stone" to be erected upstream.

Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Map including the Wuhan area (AMS, 1953)

The main gate of Wuhan Municipal Party Committee

A night sight near a modern shopping mall in Hongshan District

A tram in University Science Park Station

Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng, made in 433 BC, now on display at the Hubei Provincial Museum in Wuhan

The old library (center), dorm (below), and schools of literature and law (left and right) of Wuhan University

The Institute for Advanced Studies at Wuhan University

Doupi on the left and Re-gan mian on the right

Li Na, a former professional tennis player and two-time Grand Slam champion, serving at Wimbledon 2008, 1st round against Anastasia Rodionova

In 1936, when natural disaster struck Central China with widespread flooding affecting Hebei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Wuhan and Chongqing caused by the Yangtze and Huai Rivers bursting their banks, Ong Seok Kim, as Chairman of the Sitiawan Fundraising and Disaster Relief Committee, raised money and materials in support of the victims.

Topographic map showing the Yangtze River flowing from Chongqing (bottom left) through the ridge-like detachment folds of the eastern Sichuan Basin (left) and the Three Gorges (top right)

Sichuan Basin

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Lowland region in southwestern China.

Haze forming within the Sichuan Basin, with the Daxue Mountains to the west

Evergreen broadleaf forests on Mount Emei

Map showing the Sichuan Basin (bottom left) independent of the ancient Chinese Zhou Dynasty prior to annexation by the Qin during the Warring States Period

The 2000-year-old Dujiangyan irrigation project

The densely populated Sichuan Basin (centre) stands out relative to the more sparsely populated surrounding mountainous regions

The Sidu River Bridge carries Expressway G50 from Central China across the Wu Mountains and into the Sichuan Basin

Map of the Yangtze River drainage basin with the Sichuan Basin in the centre

Map showing the second Shu State in the Sichuan Basin during the Three Kingdoms period

Sichuanese dialects are spoken in the Sichuan Basin and surrounding areas

The 4th century BC Shu Roads connected Sichuan Basin with the Yellow River valley (Shaanxi)

Sichuan Basin in relation to Southeast Asia and the eastern part of South Asia, with the Tea Horse Road routes highlighted in red

The basin is anchored by Chengdu, capital of Sichuan province, in the west, and the direct-administered municipality of Chongqing in the east.

Chengdu

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Sub-provincial city which serves as the capital of the Chinese province of Sichuan.

The Dujiangyan Irrigation System built in 256 BC still functions today.

An all-airwar was fought over Chengdu between the Chinese Air Force and the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy air forces; an I-16 fighter shown here at the Datangshan Aviation Museum

40th Bombardment Group Boeing B-29-5-BW Superfortress 42-6281 "20th Century Unlimited" at Hsinching Airfield (A-1), China, advanced China Base of the 40th Bomb Group after completion of a raid on Anshan, Manchuria. Mission No. 4, 29 July 1944

People's Liberation Army troops entered Chengdu on 27 December 1949

Map including Chengdu (labeled as CH'ENG-TU (walled) 成都) (AMS, 1958)

Map including Chengdu (labeled as CH'ENG-TU)

Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Chengdu

Pandas at the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding

Map of Chengdu showing infrastructures and land use, made by the CIA in 1989. Note that city mostly ends at what is today's second ring road.

Terminal 2, Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport

Southwestern University of Finance and Economics

Chengdu Fenghuangshan Sports Park professional football stadium

Chengdu Dong'an Lake Sports Park Stadium

Yanlord Landmark, Hongzhaobi Crossroads, Chengdu

During World War II, the capital city of China was forced to move inland from Nanjing to Wuhan in 1937 and from Wuhan to Chengdu, then from Chengdu to Chongqing in 1938, as the Kuomintang (KMT) government under Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek ultimately retreated to Sichuan to escape from the invading Japanese forces.

Fuling District

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Silver-inlaid Copper Pot, Warring States period, unearthed at Xiaotianxi, Fuling

Fuling District is a district in central Chongqing, China.

(clockwise from top left)Imperial Japanese Navy landing force in military gas masks in the Battle of Shanghai

Japanese Type 92 heavy machine gunners during Operation Ichi-Go

Victims of the Nanjing Massacre on the shore of the Qinhuai River

Chinese machine gun nest in the Battle of Wuhan

Japanese aircraft during the bombing of Chongqing

Chinese Expeditionary Force marching in India

Second Sino-Japanese War

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Military conflict that was primarily waged between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan.

Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, Allied Commander-in-Chief in the China theatre from 1942 to 1945

Japanese troops entering Shenyang during the Mukden Incident

A baby sits in the remains of a Shanghai train station on 'Bloody Saturday', 1937

Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek announced the Kuomintang policy of resistance against Japan at Lushan on 10 July 1937, three days after the Marco Polo Bridge Incident.

Japanese landing near Shanghai, November 1937

Japanese troops in the ruins of Shanghai

Soviet embassy in Nanjing is being burned down by arson on 1 January 1938.

A Chinese POW about to be beheaded by a Japanese officer with a shin gunto

National Revolutionary Army soldiers during the 1938 Yellow River flood

Map showing the extent of Japanese occupation in 1941 (in red)

Theaters (military operational regions) of the Chinese National Revolutionary Army from late 1938 to early 1940

Wang Jingwei and officers of the Collaborationist Chinese Army

Chinese soldiers in house-to-house fighting in the Battle of Taierzhuang, March–April 1938

National Revolutionary Army soldiers march to the front in 1939.

Eighth Route Army Commander Zhu De with a KMT "Blue Sky, White Sun" emblem cap

115th Division of the Eighth Route Army Lieutenant General (NRA rank) Lin Biao in NRA uniform

War declaration against Japan by the Chongqing Nationalist Government on 9 December 1941

Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek and his wife Madame Chiang with Lieutenant General Joseph Stilwell in 1942, Burma

A United States poster from the United China Relief organization advocating aid to China.

Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill met at the Cairo Conference in 1943 during World War II.

I-16 with Chinese insignia. The I-16 was the main fighter plane used by the Chinese Air Force and Soviet volunteers.

Flying Tigers Commander Claire Lee Chennault

A "blood chit" issued to American Volunteer Group pilots requesting all Chinese to offer rescue and protection

Free Thai, American and Chinese military officers in China during the war

The India–China airlift delivered approximately 650,000 tons of materiel to China at a cost of 1,659 men and 594 aircraft.

French colonial troops retreating to the Chinese border after the Japanese coup d'état in March 1945

WWII victory parade at Chongqing on 3 September 1945

Japanese troops surrendering to the Chinese

The Chinese return to Liuzhou in July 1945.

China War of Resistance Against Japan Memorial Museum on the site where the Marco Polo Bridge Incident took place

The Taiwan Strait and the island of Taiwan

Casualties of a mass panic during a June 1941 Japanese bombing of Chongqing. More than 5,000 civilians died during the first two days of air raids in 1939.

Japanese war crime against a Chinese POW

Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces with gas masks and rubber gloves during a chemical attack near Chapei in the Battle of Shanghai

Chinese suicide bomber putting on an explosive vest made out of Model 24 hand grenades to use in an attack on Japanese tanks at the Battle of Taierzhuang

After failing to stop the Japanese in the Battle of Wuhan, the Chinese central government was relocated to Chongqing (Chungking) in the Chinese interior.

Guizhou

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Landlocked province in the southwest region of the People's Republic of China.

In 1600, Hailongtun fortress in Zunyi saw the last battle of the 10-year-long Bozhou Rebellion.

Xijiang, a Miao settlement in Eastern Guizhou

Bapa Dong, a Dong village in Eastern Guizhou

The Beipan River Bridge on the Liupanshui–Baiguo Railway in western Guizhou is the highest railway bridge in the world.

Wumiao (Temple of the God of War) dedicated to Guandi in Anshun.

Guizhou borders the autonomous region of Guangxi to the south, Yunnan to the west, Sichuan to the northwest, the municipality of Chongqing to the north, and Hunan to the east.

A report on Chongqing

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