A report on Nutrient, Cofactor (biochemistry) and Niacin

The succinate dehydrogenase complex showing several cofactors, including flavin, iron–sulfur centers, and heme.
A man with pellagra, which is caused by a chronic lack of vitamin B3 in the diet
A simple [Fe2S2] cluster containing two iron atoms and two sulfur atoms, coordinated by four protein cysteine residues.
Niacin, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), and melatonin biosynthesis from tryptophan
The redox reactions of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.
Inositol hexanicotinate
Space-filling model of niacin

Niacin, also known as nicotinic acid, is an organic compound and a form of vitamin B3, an essential human nutrient.

- Niacin

Coenzymes are mostly derived from vitamins and other organic essential nutrients in small amounts.

- Cofactor (biochemistry)

Vitamins are organic compounds essential to the body. They usually act as coenzymes or cofactors for various proteins in the body.

- Nutrient

Humans require thirteen vitamins in their diet, most of which are actually groups of related molecules (e.g. vitamin E includes tocopherols and tocotrienols): vitamins A, C, D, E, K, thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6), biotin (B7), folate (B9), and cobalamin (B12).

- Nutrient

Vitamins can serve as precursors to many organic cofactors (e.g., vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12, niacin, folic acid) or as coenzymes themselves (e.g., vitamin C).

- Cofactor (biochemistry)

Niacin and nicotinamide are both converted into the coenzyme NAD.

- Niacin
The succinate dehydrogenase complex showing several cofactors, including flavin, iron–sulfur centers, and heme.

1 related topic with Alpha

Overall
A bottle of B-complex vitamin pills

Vitamin

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A bottle of B-complex vitamin pills
Calcium combined with vitamin D (as calciferol) supplement tablets with fillers.
Jack Drummond's single-paragraph article in 1920 which provided structure and nomenclature used today for vitamins

A vitamin is an organic molecule (or a set of molecules closely related chemically, i.e. vitamers) that is an essential micronutrient that an organism needs in small quantities for the proper functioning of its metabolism.

Some sources list fourteen vitamins, by including choline, but major health organizations list thirteen: vitamin A (as all-trans-retinol, all-trans-retinyl-esters, as well as all-trans-beta-carotene and other provitamin A carotenoids), vitamin B1 (thiamine), vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B3 (niacin), vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), vitamin B7 (biotin), vitamin B9 (folic acid or folate), vitamin B12 (cobalamins), vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D (calciferols), vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols), and vitamin K (phylloquinone and menaquinones).

The B complex vitamins function as enzyme cofactors (coenzymes) or the precursors for them.