A report on Riboflavin, Niacin and Cofactor (biochemistry)

A man with pellagra, which is caused by a chronic lack of vitamin B3 in the diet

The succinate dehydrogenase complex showing several cofactors, including flavin, iron–sulfur centers, and heme.

Cultures of Micrococcus luteus growing on pyridine (left) and succinic acid (right). The pyridine culture has turned yellow from the accumulation of riboflavin.

Niacin, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), and melatonin biosynthesis from tryptophan

A simple [Fe2S2] cluster containing two iron atoms and two sulfur atoms, coordinated by four protein cysteine residues.

The redox reactions of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.

It is essential to the formation of two major coenzymes, flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide.

- Riboflavin

The coenzymes are also required for the metabolism of niacin, vitamin B6, and folate.

- Riboflavin

Vitamins can serve as precursors to many organic cofactors (e.g., vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12, niacin, folic acid) or as coenzymes themselves (e.g., vitamin C).

- Cofactor (biochemistry)

Niacin and nicotinamide are both converted into the coenzyme NAD.

- Niacin

Riboflavin, vitamin B6 and iron are required for the process.

- Niacin

2 related topics with Alpha

Vitamin

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Organic molecule that is an essential micronutrient that an organism needs in small quantities for the proper functioning of its metabolism.

Calcium combined with vitamin D (as calciferol) supplement tablets with fillers.

Jack Drummond's single-paragraph article in 1920 which provided structure and nomenclature used today for vitamins

Some sources list fourteen vitamins, by including choline, but major health organizations list thirteen: vitamin A (as all-trans-retinol, all-trans-retinyl-esters, as well as all-trans-beta-carotene and other provitamin A carotenoids), vitamin B1 (thiamine), vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B3 (niacin), vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), vitamin B7 (biotin), vitamin B9 (folic acid or folate), vitamin B12 (cobalamins), vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D (calciferols), vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols), and vitamin K (phylloquinone and menaquinones).

The B complex vitamins function as enzyme cofactors (coenzymes) or the precursors for them.

Vitamin B6

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One of the B vitamins, and thus an essential nutrient.

Its active form, pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, serves as a coenzyme in more than 140 enzyme reactions in amino acid, glucose, and lipid metabolism.

Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase is dependent on flavin mononucleotide (FMN) as a cofactor produced from riboflavin (vitamin B2).

5) PLP is required for the conversion of tryptophan to niacin, so low vitamin B6 status impairs this conversion.