A report on Vitamin B6, Niacin and Cofactor (biochemistry)

Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, the metabolically active form of vitamin B6
A man with pellagra, which is caused by a chronic lack of vitamin B3 in the diet
The succinate dehydrogenase complex showing several cofactors, including flavin, iron–sulfur centers, and heme.
Pyridoxine (PN)
Niacin, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), and melatonin biosynthesis from tryptophan
A simple [Fe2S2] cluster containing two iron atoms and two sulfur atoms, coordinated by four protein cysteine residues.
Pyridoxamine (PM)
Inositol hexanicotinate
The redox reactions of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.
Pyridoxal (PL)
Space-filling model of niacin
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Its active form, pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, serves as a coenzyme in more than 140 enzyme reactions in amino acid, glucose, and lipid metabolism.

- Vitamin B6

5) PLP is required for the conversion of tryptophan to niacin, so low vitamin B6 status impairs this conversion.

- Vitamin B6

Vitamins can serve as precursors to many organic cofactors (e.g., vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12, niacin, folic acid) or as coenzymes themselves (e.g., vitamin C).

- Cofactor (biochemistry)

Niacin and nicotinamide are both converted into the coenzyme NAD.

- Niacin

Riboflavin, vitamin B6 and iron are required for the process.

- Niacin
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, the metabolically active form of vitamin B6

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Overall
Chemical structure

Riboflavin

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Vitamin found in food and sold as a dietary supplement.

Vitamin found in food and sold as a dietary supplement.

Chemical structure
Cultures of Micrococcus luteus growing on pyridine (left) and succinic acid (right). The pyridine culture has turned yellow from the accumulation of riboflavin.

It is essential to the formation of two major coenzymes, flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide.

The coenzymes are also required for the metabolism of niacin, vitamin B6, and folate.