A report on Cofactor (biochemistry)
Non-protein chemical compound or metallic ion that is required for an enzyme's role as a catalyst .
- Cofactor (biochemistry)45 related topics with Alpha
Vitamin B12
3 linksWater-soluble vitamin involved in metabolism.
Water-soluble vitamin involved in metabolism.
It is required by animals, which use it as a cofactor in DNA synthesis, in both fatty acid and amino acid metabolism.
Iron
5 linksChemical element with symbol Fe and atomic number 26.
Chemical element with symbol Fe and atomic number 26.
Metalloproteins are a group of proteins with metal ion cofactors.
Vitamin B6
2 linksOne of the B vitamins, and thus an essential nutrient.
One of the B vitamins, and thus an essential nutrient.
Its active form, pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, serves as a coenzyme in more than 140 enzyme reactions in amino acid, glucose, and lipid metabolism.
Prosthetic group
0 linksNon-amino acid component that is part of the structure of the heteroproteins or conjugated proteins, being tightly linked to the apoprotein.
Non-amino acid component that is part of the structure of the heteroproteins or conjugated proteins, being tightly linked to the apoprotein.
Not to be confused with the cofactor that binds to the enzyme apoenzyme (either a holoprotein or heteroprotein) by non-covalent binding a non-protein (non-amino acid)
Niacin
5 linksOrganic compound and a form of vitamin B3, an essential human nutrient.
Organic compound and a form of vitamin B3, an essential human nutrient.
Niacin and nicotinamide are both converted into the coenzyme NAD.
Manganese
3 linksChemical element with the symbol Mn and atomic number 25.
Chemical element with the symbol Mn and atomic number 25.
The classes of enzymes that have manganese cofactors include oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases and ligases.
Ribozyme
1 linksRibozymes (ribonucleic acid enzymes) are RNA molecules that have the ability to catalyze specific biochemical reactions, including RNA splicing in gene expression, similar to the action of protein enzymes.
Ribozymes (ribonucleic acid enzymes) are RNA molecules that have the ability to catalyze specific biochemical reactions, including RNA splicing in gene expression, similar to the action of protein enzymes.
For example, the functional part of the ribosome, the biological machine that translates RNA into proteins, is fundamentally a ribozyme, composed of RNA tertiary structural motifs that are often coordinated to metal ions such as Mg2+ as cofactors.
Calcium
0 linksChemical element with the symbol Ca and atomic number 20.
Chemical element with the symbol Ca and atomic number 20.
As electrolytes, calcium ions play a vital role in the physiological and biochemical processes of organisms and cells: in signal transduction pathways where they act as a second messenger; in neurotransmitter release from neurons; in contraction of all muscle cell types; as cofactors in many enzymes; and in fertilization.
Nitric oxide synthase
0 linksNitric oxide synthases (NOSs) are a family of enzymes catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine.
Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) are a family of enzymes catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine.
NOSs are unusual in that they require five cofactors.
Folate
2 linksOne of the B vitamins.
One of the B vitamins.
The exact mechanisms involved in the development of schizophrenia and depression are not entirely clear, but the bioactive folate, methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), a direct target of methyl donors such as S-adenosyl methionine (SAMe), recycles the inactive dihydrobiopterin (BH2) into tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), the necessary cofactor in various steps of monoamine synthesis, including that of dopamine.