A report on Colony of British Columbia (1866–1871)

The modern Canadian province of British Columbia has the same boundaries as its colonial predecessor.
The modern Canadian province of British Columbia has the same boundaries as its colonial predecessor.

British Crown Colony that resulted from the amalgamation of the two former colonies, the Colony of Vancouver Island and the mainland Colony of British Columbia.

- Colony of British Columbia (1866–1871)

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Colony of Vancouver Island

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The Great Seal of the Island of Vancouver and its Dependencies was designed by Benjamin Wyon, Chief Engraver of Her Majesty's Seals, c. 1849. The badge he designed is the basis for the unofficial flag of Vancouver Island that debuted in 1988.
Sir James Douglas, second Governor of Vancouver Island
Amor De Cosmos, editor of the Daily Colonist, was an ardent opponent of the "family-company compact" of Bay men and Douglas associates who controlled the colony.
Sir Arthur Kennedy, third and last Governor of Vancouver Island

The Colony of Vancouver Island, officially known as the Island of Vancouver and its Dependencies, was a Crown colony of British North America from 1849 to 1866, after which it was united with the mainland to form the Colony of British Columbia.

Colony of British Columbia (1858–1866)

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Crown colony in British North America from 1858 until 1866 that was founded by Richard Clement Moody, who was selected to 'found a second England on the shores of the Pacific', who was Chief Commissioner of Lands and Works for British Columbia and the first Lieutenant-Governor of British Columbia.

Crown colony in British North America from 1858 until 1866 that was founded by Richard Clement Moody, who was selected to 'found a second England on the shores of the Pacific', who was Chief Commissioner of Lands and Works for British Columbia and the first Lieutenant-Governor of British Columbia.

The Colony of British Columbia in 1863
Sir James Douglas, first governor of the Colony of British Columbia
A portion of the Cariboo Road in the Fraser Canyon, c. 1867
Moody likened his vision of the nascent Colony of British Columbia to the pastoral scenes painted by Aelbert Cuyp
Moody designed the first Coat of arms of British Columbia

The colony was in 1866 incorporated with the Colony of Vancouver Island to create the new Colony of British Columbia (1866-1871).

British Columbia

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Westernmost province of Canada.

Westernmost province of Canada.

British Columbia's geography is epitomized by the variety and intensity of its physical relief, which has defined patterns of settlement and industry since colonization.
Outline map of British Columbia with significant cities and towns
Köppen climate types in British Columbia
The Strait of Georgia, near Vancouver
Shuswap Lake as seen from Sorrento
The Okanagan region has a climate suitable to vineyards.
Mount Robson, Canadian Rockies
Odaray Mountain and Lake O'Hara
Yoho National Park
Cheakamus Lake in Garibaldi Provincial Park
Humpback whale in Sooke coast
'Namgis Thunderbird Transformation Mask, 19th century
Fort San Miguel at Nootka in 1793
Kwakwaka'wakw house pole, second half of the 19th century
Fort Rupert, Vancouver Island, 1851
Cattle near the Maas by Dutch painter Aelbert Cuyp. Moody likened his vision of the nascent Colony of British Columbia to the pastoral scenes painted by Cuyp.
Victoria, 1864
Lord Strathcona drives the Last Spike of the Canadian Pacific Railway, at Craigellachie, November 7, 1885. Completion of the transcontinental railroad was a condition of British Columbia's entry into Confederation.
Memorial to the "last spike" in Craigellachie
Statue of Queen Victoria outside the British Columbia Parliament Buildings in Victoria
Internment camp for Japanese Canadians during World War II
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W.A.C. Bennett, 25th premier of British Columbia
British Columbia's pavilion for Expo 86, Vancouver
The Coquihalla Highway was one of the legacies of the Expo 86 world's fair, though creation of the toll highway sparked controversy. Tolling was removed in 2008.
The cauldron of the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver
Population density map of British Columbia, with regional district borders shown
The Vancouver skyline
Canada Place in Downtown Vancouver
Entrance to Telus Garden
The British Columbia Parliament Buildings in Victoria
Coat of arms' escutcheon of the current lieutenant governor
John Horgan is premier, BC's head of government.
The meeting chamber of the Legislative Assembly
The flower of the Pacific dogwood is often associated with British Columbia.
The Alex Fraser Bridge on Highway 91 between Richmond and Delta
British Columbia Highway 1 near Brentwood, Burnaby
CPR train traversing the Stoney Creek Bridge
Spirit of Vancouver Island S-class ferry
Ice sailing in Whistler
Shoreline Trail in Victoria
Hatley Castle on the campus of Royal Roads University
Aerial view of Simon Fraser University in Burnaby
Quest University Canada Academic Building, aerial view

The colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia were incorporated in 1866, subsequent to which Victoria became the united colony's capital.

New Westminster

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City in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia, Canada, and a member municipality of the Metro Vancouver Regional District.

City in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia, Canada, and a member municipality of the Metro Vancouver Regional District.

A view of New Westminster from the Fraser River, c. 1865
Moody likened his vision of the nascent Colony of British Columbia to the pastoral scenes painted by Aelbert Cuyp.
Coquitlam City, of New Westminster
City of New Westminster in flames, September 10, 1898
The BC Penitentiary being constructed c. 1877
Contrasting views of Columbia Street in 1932 and 2008
A replica of a Queen Anne house opposite Queens Park
View towards the West End and Uptown neighbourhoods from the Queensborough Bridge
Westminster Quay
May Day celebrations in 1913. Young girls dance around a maypole.
The May Queen c. 1887
Wayne Wright sets off an anvil shot during the 2008 Ancient and Honourable Hyack Anvil Battery Salute.
New Westminster Bridge
An Expo Line train approaching New Westminster station
Memorial cairn at Grimston Park in New Westminster

It was founded by Major-General Richard Moody as the capital of the new-born Colony of British Columbia in 1858, and continued in that role until the Mainland and Island Colonies were merged in 1866.

Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia

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Viceregal representative of the, in the province of British Columbia, Canada.

Viceregal representative of the, in the province of British Columbia, Canada.

First lieutenant governor of the Province of British Columbia, Sir Joseph William Trutch KCMG, 1871–1876
Standard of the lieutenant governor of British Columbia from 1906 to 1982
Standard of the lieutenant governor of British Columbia from 1871 to 1906

The office was created in 1871 when the Colony of British Columbia joined the Confederation.

Seymour, as Governor of British Columbia

Frederick Seymour

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Colonial administrator.

Colonial administrator.

Seymour, as Governor of British Columbia
Grave of Frederick Seymour at the Veterans' Cemetery in Esquimalt, British Columbia

Seymour continued to serve as the first governor of the union of the two colonies, also named the Colony of British Columbia from 1866 to 1869.

Hon. John Robson

John Robson (politician)

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Canadian journalist and politician, who served as the ninth premier of British Columbia.

Canadian journalist and politician, who served as the ninth premier of British Columbia.

Hon. John Robson

He was a reluctant supporter of the colony's union with Vancouver Island in 1866, but by 1869, Robson had moved his newspaper's operations across the Strait to Victoria.

Map of the lands in dispute

Oregon Treaty

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Treaty between the United Kingdom and the United States that was signed on June 15, 1846, in Washington, D.C. The treaty brought an end to the Oregon boundary dispute by settling competing American and British claims to the Oregon Country; the area had been jointly occupied by both Britain and the U.S. since the Treaty of 1818.

Treaty between the United Kingdom and the United States that was signed on June 15, 1846, in Washington, D.C. The treaty brought an end to the Oregon boundary dispute by settling competing American and British claims to the Oregon Country; the area had been jointly occupied by both Britain and the U.S. since the Treaty of 1818.

Map of the lands in dispute

The two British colonies were amalgamated in 1866 as the United Colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia.

Hon. Amor De Cosmos

Amor De Cosmos

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Canadian journalist, publisher and politician.

Canadian journalist, publisher and politician.

Hon. Amor De Cosmos
Amor De Cosmos, September 1874

From such policies, emerged the two great causes of his later career: the union of Vancouver Island and British Columbia, and the merged Colony of British Columbia's entry into Confederation.

Anthony Musgrave

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Colonial administrator and governor.

Colonial administrator and governor.

Burial site of Sir Anthony Musgrave at Toowong Cemetery.

In consultation with the colonial office and the Canadian Prime Minister, John A. Macdonald, it was agreed that Musgrave should redirect his energies concerning the expansion of the Canadian confederation away from the easternmost colony of British North America, to the westernmost—the United Colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia.