A report on Greenwich Village, Sixth Avenue, Houston Street, List of numbered streets in Manhattan and Commissioners' Plan of 1811

The "skyscraper alley" of International Style buildings along the avenue looking north from 40th Street to Central Park

Peretz Square, Houston Street on left; 1st Street on right

An 1893 redrawing of the 1807 version of the Commissioners' grid plan for Manhattan, a few years before it was adopted in 1811

Looking north from 14th Street in 1905, with the Sixth Avenue El on the right

The city blocks of Portland, Oregon; Savannah, Georgia; and Manhattan shown at the same scale

453–461 Sixth Avenue in the Historic District

The historic Ladies' Mile shopping district that thrived along Sixth Avenue left behind some of the largest retail spaces in the city. Beginning in the 1990s, the buildings began to be reused after being dormant for decades.

East Houston Street between Clinton and Suffolk Streets in the 1920s

Little West 12th Street as viewed from the rooftop of The Standard, High Line

"A Portraiture of the City of Philadelphia" (1683) by Thomas Holme, the first map of the city.

The intersection of West 4th and West 12th Streets

Houston Street at Lafayette Street in 1974

A portion of a map of the city from 1776; De Lancey Square and the grid around it can be seen on the right

Street signs at intersection of West 10th and West 4th Streets

Irving Place Theatre, from Northeast corner of Irving Place and East 15th Street

The Mangin–Goerck Plan of 1803; the "warning label" can be seen at the bottom under "Plan of the City of New York"

Map of old Greenwich Village. A section of Bernard Ratzer's map of New York and its suburbs, made ca. 1766 for Henry Moore, royal governor of New York, when Greenwich was more than 2 miles (3 km) from the city.

Jefferson Market Library in Greenwich Village

The Center for Jewish History at 15 West 16th Street

The only known image of John Randel Jr., the Commission's chief surveyor, by an unknown artist, probably Ezra Ames.

Gay Street at the corner of Waverly Place; the street's name refers to a colonial family, not the LGBT character of Greenwich Village

The park-like grounds of the American Museum of Natural Historycalled "Theodore Roosevelt Park" since 1958, but officially part of Central Parkis the only one of the planned public spaces of the Commissioners' Plan which still exists; it was to be "Manhattan Square".

Whitney Museum of American Art's original location, at 8–12 West 8th Street, between Fifth Avenue and MacDougal Street; currently home to the New York Studio School of Drawing, Painting and Sculpture.

This one of John Randel's survey bolts marked the location of what would have been Sixth Avenue and 65th Street; the location later became part of Central Park

The Cherry Lane Theatre is located in Greenwich Village.

One of Randel's 92 detailed "Farm Maps", showing how the Manhattan grid would sit on the island's topography and extant farms and homesteads. This one is bounded by West 36th Street, Sixth Avenue, West 15th Street, and the Hudson River.

The annual Greenwich Village Halloween Parade is the world's largest Halloween parade.

Korea Way in Koreatown, as seen on 32nd Street, with ubiquitous street signage in Hangul (한글)

The Stonewall Inn, a designated U.S. National Historic Landmark and National Monument, as the site of the June 1969 Stonewall riots and the cradle of the modern gay rights movement.

A view of the Empire State Building from 33rd Street and Park Avenue Subway Station

Central Park is by far the largest interruption of the Commissioners' grid, running from Central Park South (59th Street, at the right) to 110th Street (on the left), and from Fifth Avenue (at the top) to Central Park West (Eighth Avenue, at the bottom), and at 843 acre, taking up a little over 6% of the area of Manhattan island.

Andrew Haswell Green, a critic of the Commissioners' Plan, headed the Central Park Commission, which created the street plan for Manhattan above 155th Street

The Washington Square Arch, an unofficial icon of Greenwich Village and nearby New York University

Mount Vernon Hotel Museum on East 61st Street

The Knapp map of 1870 shows the progress made in laying out streets above 155th Street as called for in the Central Park Commission's 1868 plan

396-397 West Street at West 10th Street is a former hotel which dates from 1904, and is part of the Weehawken Street Historic District

Archdiocesan Cathedral of the Holy Trinity

In 1945, Sixth Avenue was officially renamed "Avenue of the Americas", and was adorned with circular signs for each member country of the Organization of American States, such as this one for Venezuela. The name never caught on with New Yorkers, though, who still insist on calling it "Sixth Avenue". After decades of requiring only one official name, the city at last began to co-sign the avenue with both names. Currently, "Avenue of the Americas" is generally only seen on business stationery and official city documents, or heard from the mouths of tourists.

Washington Mews in Greenwich Village; an NYU building can be seen in the background

120-130 East 80th Street, with three of the four East 80th Street Houses; the Astor House is on the left, the Whitney House on the right, and the Dillon House is between them.

Frederick Law Olmsted, vociferous critic of the Commissioners' Plan (c.1860)

Christopher Park, part of the Stonewall National Monument

Clement Clarke Moore objected to the Plan, but made a fortune developing his estate once the Plan's streets were laid down through it. (1897)

Lewis Mumford, a vehement critic of the Commissioners' Plan

Jefferson Market Library, once a courthouse, now serves as a branch of the New York Public Library.

Thomas Janvier, an illustration from In Old New York (1894)

Dutch artist Piet Mondrian drew inspiration from the vibrancy of the grid, displaying it in paintings such as Broadway Boogie Woogie (1942).

West 187th Street stairs to Ft. Washington Avenue

90 Bedford Street, used for establishing shot in Friends

Greenwich Village is a neighborhood on the west side of Lower Manhattan in New York City, bounded by 14th Street to the north, Broadway to the east, Houston Street to the south, and the Hudson River to the west.

- Greenwich Village

The New York City borough of Manhattan contains 214 numbered east–west streets ranging from 1st to 228th, the majority of them designated in the Commissioners' Plan of 1811.

- List of numbered streets in Manhattan

The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 was the original design for the streets of Manhattan above Houston Street and below 155th Street, which put in place the rectangular grid plan of streets and lots that has defined Manhattan on its march uptown until the current day.

- Commissioners' Plan of 1811

From this beginning, Sixth Avenue traverses SoHo and Greenwich Village, roughly divides Chelsea from the Flatiron District and NoMad, passes through the Garment District and skirts the edge of the Theater District while passing through Midtown Manhattan.

- Sixth Avenue

Houston Street generally serves as the boundary between neighborhoods on the East Side of Manhattan—Alphabet City, the East Village, NoHo, Greenwich Village, and the West Village to the north, and the Lower East Side, most of the Bowery, Nolita, and SoHo to the south.

- Houston Street

The numeric street-naming grid in Manhattan, created as part of the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, begins immediately north of Houston Street with 1st Street at Avenue A.

- Houston Street

Sixth Avenue was laid out in the Commissioners' Plan of 1811.

- Sixth Avenue

Although the numbered streets begin just north of East Houston Street in the East Village, they generally do not extend west into Greenwich Village, which already had established, named streets when the grid plan was laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811.

- List of numbered streets in Manhattan

There were a few interruptions in the grid for public spaces, such as the Grand Parade between 23rd Street and 33rd Street, which was the precursor to Madison Square Park, as well as four squares named Bloomingdale, Hamilton, Manhattan, and Harlem, a wholesale market complex, and a reservoir.

- Commissioners' Plan of 1811

The western part of Greenwich Village is known as the West Village; the dividing line of its eastern border is debated but commonly cited as Seventh Avenue or Sixth Avenue.

- Greenwich Village

Sixth Avenue intersects Houston Street at a curve in the road in Greenwich Village.

- Houston Street

As Greenwich Village was once a rural, isolated hamlet to the north of the 17th century European settlement on Manhattan Island, its street layout is more organic than the planned grid pattern of the 19th century grid plan (based on the Commissioners' Plan of 1811).

- Greenwich Village

The west ends of most of these streets is the Bowery and Third Avenue, except for 3rd Street (formerly Amity Place), which continues to Sixth Avenue; and 4th Street, which extends west and then north to 13th Street in Greenwich Village.

- List of numbered streets in Manhattan

Sixth Avenue, the only numbered avenue to extend south of Houston Street, thus became the southernmost numbered avenue in Manhattan.

- Sixth Avenue

From 1797 until 1829, the bucolic village of Greenwich was the location of New York State's first penitentiary, Newgate Prison, on the Hudson River at what is now West 10th Street, near the Christopher Street pier.

- Greenwich Village

Sights along Sixth Avenue include Juan Pablo Duarte Square; with the polychrome High Victorian Gothic Jefferson Market Courthouse, currently occupied by the Jefferson Market Library; the surviving stretch of grand department stores of 1880 to 1900 in the Ladies' Mile Historic District that runs from 18th Street to 23rd Street; the former wholesale flower district; Herald Square at 34th Street, site of Macy's department store; Bryant Park from 40th to 42nd Streets; and the corporate stretch above 42nd Street, which includes the Bank of America Tower, W. R. Grace Building, International Center of Photography, Rockefeller Center — including the Time-Life Building, News Corp. Building, Exxon Building and McGraw-Hill Building, as well as Radio City Music Hall.

- Sixth Avenue

The Bayard streets still exist as the core of SoHo and part of Greenwich Village: Mercer, Greene, and Wooster Streets, LaGuardia Place/West Broadway (originally Laurens Street), and Thompson, Sullivan, MacDougal, and Hancock Streets, although the last has been subsumed by the extension of Sixth Avenue.

- Commissioners' Plan of 1811

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Manhattan

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Most densely populated and geographically smallest of the five boroughs of New York City.

Pieter Schaghen's 1626 letter saying Manhattan was purchased for 60 guilders.

The Castello Plan showing the Dutch city of New Amsterdam in 1660, at the southern tip of Manhattan

Washington's statue in front of Federal Hall on Wall Street, where in 1789 he was sworn in as first U.S. president

Manhattan in 1873. The Brooklyn Bridge was under construction from 1870 until 1883

The "Sanitary & Topographical Map of the City and Island of New York", commonly known as the Viele Map, was created by Egbert Ludovicus Viele in 1865

Manhattan's Little Italy, Lower East Side, circa 1900

Manhattan personified, early 20th century

V-J Day in Times Square in Times Square, 1945

Flooding on Avenue C caused by Hurricane Sandy on October 29, 2012

Satellite image of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson River to the west, the Harlem River to the north, the East River to the east, and New York Harbor to the south, with rectangular Central Park prominently visible. Roosevelt Island, in the East River, belongs to Manhattan.

Location of Manhattan (red) within New York City (remainder yellow)

Manhattan schist outcropping in Central Park

Liberty Island is an exclave of Manhattan, of New York City, and of New York State, that is surrounded by New Jersey waters

The Empire State Building in the foreground looking southward from the top of Rockefeller Center, with One World Trade Center in the background, at sunset. The Midtown South Community Council acts as a civic caretaker for much of the neighborhood between the skyscrapers of Midtown and Lower Manhattan.

The Estonian House, the main center of Estonian culture amongst Estonian Americans

A. T. Stewart in 1870, 9th Street, Manhattan

Many tall buildings have setbacks on their facade due to the 1916 Zoning Resolution. This is exemplified at Park Avenue and 57th Street in Midtown Manhattan.

The New York Stock Exchange, by a significant margin the world's largest stock exchange per market capitalization of its listed companies, at US$23.1 trillion as of April 2018.

The Financial District of Lower Manhattan, seen from Brooklyn

The Flatiron District is the center and birthplace of Silicon Alley

Times Square is the hub of the Broadway theater district and a major cultural venue in Manhattan, it also has one of the highest annual attendance rates of any tourist attraction in the world, estimated at 50 million

The New York Times headquarters, 620 Eighth Avenue

Butler Library at Columbia University, with its notable architectural design

New York Public Library Main Branch at 42nd Street and Fifth Avenue

The scene at Manhattan's 2015 LGBT Pride March. The annual event rivals the sister São Paulo event as the world's largest pride parade, attracting tens of thousands of participants and millions of sidewalk spectators each June.

Madison Square Garden is home to the Rangers and Knicks, and hosts some Liberty games

A slum tour through the Five Points in an 1885 sketch

At the time of its construction, London Terrace in Chelsea was the largest apartment building in the world

Grand Central Terminal is a National Historic Landmark.

Ferries departing Battery Park City and helicopters flying above Manhattan

The Staten Island Ferry, seen from the Battery, crosses Upper New York Bay, providing free public transportation between Staten Island and Manhattan.

The Brooklyn Bridge to the right and the Manhattan Bridge towards the left, are two of the three bridges that connect Lower Manhattan with Brooklyn over the East River.

Eighth Avenue, looking northward ("Uptown"), in the rain; most streets and avenues in Manhattan's grid plan incorporate a one-way traffic configuration

Tourists looking westward at sunset to observe the July 12, 2016 Manhattanhenge

Ferry service departing Battery Park City towards New Jersey, see from Paulus Hook

Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, and the Stonewall Inn in Greenwich Village, part of the Stonewall National Monument, is considered the birthplace of the modern gay rights movement.

The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 laid out the island of Manhattan in its familiar grid plan.

Little Island opened on the Hudson River in May 2021, connected to the western termini of 13th and 14th Streets by footbridges.

Although the grid does start with 1st Street, just north of Houston Street (the southernmost street divided in west and east portions; pronounced HOW-stin), the grid does not fully take hold until north of 14th Street, where nearly all east–west streets are numerically identified, which increase from south to north to 220th Street, the highest numbered street on the island.

In much of Midtown Manhattan, Broadway runs at a diagonal to the grid, creating major named intersections at Union Square (Park Avenue South/Fourth Avenue and 14th Street), Madison Square (Fifth Avenue and 23rd Street), Herald Square (Sixth Avenue and 34th Street), Times Square (Seventh Avenue and 42nd Street), and Columbus Circle (Eighth Avenue/Central Park West and 59th Street).