A report on Judiciary, Legislature and Constitution

The Commonwealth Law Courts Building in Melbourne, the location of the Melbourne branches of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, the Federal Court of Australia, the Family Court of Australia, as well as occasional High Court of Australia sittings
Palace of Westminster in February 2007
Constitution of the Year XII (First French Republic)
Corpus Iuris Civilis, 1607
Map showing the terminology for each country's national legislature
Constitution of the Kingdom of Naples in 1848.
Gratian
The Congress of the Republic of Peru, the country's national legislature, meets in the Legislative Palace in 2010
Detail from Hammurabi's stele shows him receiving the laws of Babylon from the seated sun deity.
Lady Justice (Latin: Justicia), symbol of the judiciary. Statue at Shelby County Courthouse, Memphis, Tennessee
The British House of Commons, its lower house
Diagram illustrating the classification of constitutions by Aristotle.
The German Bundestag, its theoretical lower house
Third volume of the compilation of Catalan Constitutions of 1585
The Australian Senate, its upper house
The Cossack Constitution of Pylyp Orlyk, 1710.
A painting depicting George Washington at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 signing of the U.S. Constitution
Constitution of May 3, 1791 (painting by Jan Matejko, 1891). Polish King Stanisław August (left, in regal ermine-trimmed cloak), enters St. John's Cathedral, where Sejm deputies will swear to uphold the new Constitution; in background, Warsaw's Royal Castle, where the Constitution has just been adopted.
Presidential copy of the Russian Constitution.
Magna Carta
United States Constitution

They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial powers of government.

- Legislature

Under the doctrine of the separation of powers, the judiciary generally does not make statutory law (which is the responsibility of the legislature) or enforce law (which is the responsibility of the executive), but rather interprets, defends, and applies the law to the facts of each case.

- Judiciary

Courts with judicial review power may annul the laws and rules of the state when it finds them incompatible with a higher norm, such as primary legislation, the provisions of the constitution, treaties or international law.

- Judiciary

Some political systems follow the principle of legislative supremacy, which holds that the legislature is the supreme branch of government and cannot be bound by other institutions, such as the judicial branch or a written constitution.

- Legislature

Sweden had already enacted its 1809 Instrument of Government, which saw the division of power between the Riksdag, the king and the judiciary.

- Constitution

The standard model, described by the Baron de Montesquieu, involves three branches of government: executive, legislative and judicial.

- Constitution
The Commonwealth Law Courts Building in Melbourne, the location of the Melbourne branches of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, the Federal Court of Australia, the Family Court of Australia, as well as occasional High Court of Australia sittings

1 related topic with Alpha

Overall
John Locke

Separation of powers

0 links

Separation of powers refers to the division of a state's government into branches, each with separate, independent powers and responsibilities, so that the powers of one branch are not in conflict with those of the other branches.

Separation of powers refers to the division of a state's government into branches, each with separate, independent powers and responsibilities, so that the powers of one branch are not in conflict with those of the other branches.

John Locke
Montesquieu
George Washington at Constitutional Convention of 1787, signing of U.S. Constitution

The typical division is into three branches: a legislature, an executive, and a judiciary, which is sometimes called the trias politica model.

Constitutions with a high degree of separation of powers are found worldwide.