A report on Legislature and Constitution

The typical division is into three branches: a legislature, an executive, and a judiciary, which is sometimes called the trias politica model.

Constitutions with a high degree of separation of powers are found worldwide.

In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary.

In many countries, the government has a kind of constitution, a statement of its governing principles and philosophy.

A presidential system, or single executive system, is a form of government in which a head of government, typically with the title of president, leads an executive branch that is separate from the legislative branch in systems that use separation of powers.

These countries modeled their constitutions after that of the United States, and the presidential system became the dominant political system in the Americas.

Under the doctrine of the separation of powers, the judiciary generally does not make statutory law (which is the responsibility of the legislature) or enforce law (which is the responsibility of the executive), but rather interprets, defends, and applies the law to the facts of each case.

Courts with judicial review power may annul the laws and rules of the state when it finds them incompatible with a higher norm, such as primary legislation, the provisions of the constitution, treaties or international law.

The Westminster system or Westminster model is a type of parliamentary government that incorporates a series of procedures for operating a legislature.

Unlike the uncodified British constitution, most countries that use the Westminster system have codified the system, at least in part, in a written constitution.

It holds that the legislative body has absolute sovereignty and is supreme over all other government institutions, including executive or judicial bodies.

It also holds that the legislative body may change or repeal any previous legislation and so it is not bound by written law (in some cases, not even a constitution) or by precedent.

State-enforced laws can be made by a group legislature or by a single legislator, resulting in statutes; by the executive through decrees and regulations; or established by judges through precedent, usually in common law jurisdictions.

The creation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution, written or tacit, and the rights encoded therein.

Typically, national, state or provincial and other full-scale legislative assemblies have extensive internally written rules of order, whereas non-legislative bodies write and adopt a limited set of specific rules as the need arises.

Parliamentary procedure also allows for rules in regards to nomination, voting, debate, disciplinary action, appeals, and the drafting of organization charters, constitutions, and bylaws.