A report on Constitution
Aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed.
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Monarchy
4 linksForm of government in which a person, the monarch, is head of state for life or until abdication.
Form of government in which a person, the monarch, is head of state for life or until abdication.
In a constitutional monarchy, the monarch's power is subject to a constitution. In most current constitutional monarchies, the monarch is mainly a ceremonial figurehead symbol of national unity and state continuity. Although nominally sovereign, the electorate (through the legislature) exercises political sovereignty. Constitutional monarchs' political power is limited. Typical monarchical powers include granting pardons, granting honours, and reserve powers, e.g. to dismiss the prime minister, refuse to dissolve parliament, or veto legislation ("withhold Royal Assent"). They often also have privileges of inviolability and sovereign immunity. A monarch's powers and influence will depend on tradition, precedent, popular opinion, and law.
Roman Empire
0 linksThe post-Republican period of ancient Rome.
The post-Republican period of ancient Rome.
Though the old constitutional machinery remained in place, Augustus came to predominate it.
Legislature
8 linksAssembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city.
Assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city.
Some political systems follow the principle of legislative supremacy, which holds that the legislature is the supreme branch of government and cannot be bound by other institutions, such as the judicial branch or a written constitution.
Dušan's Code
1 linksCompilation of several legal systems that was enacted by Stefan Uroš IV Duš an of Serbia in 1349.
Compilation of several legal systems that was enacted by Stefan Uroš IV Duš an of Serbia in 1349.
It is considered an early constitution, or close to it; an advanced set of laws which regulated all aspects of life.
Constitution of 3 May 1791
2 linksThe Constitution of 3 May 1791, titled the Governance Act, was a constitution adopted by the Great Sejm ("Four-Year Sejm", meeting in 1788–92) for the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, a dual monarchy comprising the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Presidential system
5 linksForm of government in which a head of government, typically with the title of president, leads an executive branch that is separate from the legislative branch in systems that use separation of powers.
Form of government in which a head of government, typically with the title of president, leads an executive branch that is separate from the legislative branch in systems that use separation of powers.
These countries modeled their constitutions after that of the United States, and the presidential system became the dominant political system in the Americas.
Judiciary
3 linksSystem of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law in legal cases.
System of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law in legal cases.
Courts with judicial review power may annul the laws and rules of the state when it finds them incompatible with a higher norm, such as primary legislation, the provisions of the constitution, treaties or international law.
Parliamentary sovereignty
4 linksConcept in the constitutional law of some parliamentary democracies.
Concept in the constitutional law of some parliamentary democracies.
It also holds that the legislative body may change or repeal any previous legislation and so it is not bound by written law (in some cases, not even a constitution) or by precedent.
Instrument of Government
1 linksThe Instrument of Government was a constitution of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland.
Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany
3 linksThe Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany (Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland) is the constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany.