A report on Turkey, Greece, Cyprus and Southeast Europe

Turkey (Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe.

Greece (Ελλάδα, ), officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία) is a country in Southeast Europe.

It shares borders with the Black Sea to the north; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east; Iraq to the southeast; Syria and the Mediterranean Sea to the south; the Aegean Sea to the west; and Greece and Bulgaria to the northwest.

Continentally, it is often placed alternatively in Western Asia while being culturally tied to Southeast Europe.

Sovereign states and territories that are included in the region are, in alphabetical order: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia (alternatively placed in Central Europe or Southern Europe), Cyprus (alternatively placed in West Asia), Greece, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania (alternatively placed in Central Europe or Eastern Europe), Serbia, and Turkey (alternatively placed in West Asia).

Cyprus is located off the south coast.

Greece shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, North Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the northeast.

It is the third-largest and third-most populous island in the Mediterranean, and is south of Turkey and west of Syria.

From the 19th century onwards, the Greek Cypriot population pursued enosis, union with Greece, which became a Greek national policy in the 1950s.

While most of mainland Greece and the Aegean islands was under Ottoman control by the end of the 15th century, Cyprus and Crete remained Venetian territory and did not fall to the Ottomans until 1571 and 1670 respectively.