Malaria parasite connecting to a red blood cell
The human skull is used universally as a symbol of death
Headquarters in Geneva
Main symptoms of malaria
Statue of Death, personified as a human skeleton dressed in a shroud and clutching a scythe, from the Cathedral of Trier in Trier, Germany
Headquarters in Geneva
The life cycle of malaria parasites. Sporozoites are introduced by a mosquito bite. They migrate to the liver, where they multiply into thousands of merozoites. The merozoites infect red blood cells and replicate, infecting more and more red blood cells. Some parasites form gametocytes, which are taken up by a mosquito, continuing the life cycle.
Death tending to his flowers, in Kuoleman Puutarha, Hugo Simberg (1906)
Alexey Yablokov (left) and Vassili Nesterenko (farthest right) protesting in front of the World Health Organization headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland in 2008.
Micrograph of a placenta from a stillbirth due to maternal malaria. H&E stain. Red blood cells are anuclear; blue/black staining in bright red structures (red blood cells) indicate foreign nuclei from the parasites.
World Health Organization estimated number of deaths per million persons in 2012
Demonstration on Chernobyl disaster day near WHO in Geneva
Electron micrograph of a Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cell (center), illustrating adhesion protein "knobs"
A flower, a skull and an hourglass stand for life, death and time in this 17th-century painting by Philippe de Champaigne
Three former directors of the Global Smallpox Eradication Programme read the news that smallpox had been globally eradicated, 1980
The blood film is the gold standard for malaria diagnosis.
French – 16th-/17th-century ivory pendant, Monk and Death, recalling mortality and the certainty of death (Walters Art Museum)
Countries by World Health Organization membership status
Ring-forms and gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum in human blood
Timeline of postmortem changes (stages of death).
Stairwell, 1969
An Anopheles stephensi mosquito shortly after obtaining blood from a human (the droplet of blood is expelled as a surplus). This mosquito is a vector of malaria, and mosquito control is an effective way of reducing its incidence.
Antoine Wiertz's painting of a man buried alive
Internal courtyard, 1969
Man spraying kerosene oil in standing water, Panama Canal Zone, 1912
American children smoking in 1910. Tobacco smoking caused an estimated 100 million deaths in the 20th century.
Reflecting pool, 1969
Walls where indoor residual spraying of DDT has been applied. The mosquitoes remain on the wall until they fall down dead on the floor.
Le Suicidé by Édouard Manet depicts a man who has recently committed suicide via a firearm
Exterior, 1969
A mosquito net in use.
An autopsy is portrayed in The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp, by Rembrandt
From Southwest, 2013
An advertisement for quinine as a malaria treatment from 1927.
Dead Camelthorn tree within Sossusvlei
Entrance hall, 2013
Deaths due to malaria per million persons in 2012
Technicians prepare a body for cryopreservation in 1985.
Main conference room, 2013
Past and current malaria prevalence in 2009
Kyösti Kallio (in the middle), the fourth President of the Republic of Finland, had a fatal heart attack a few seconds after this photograph was taken by Hugo Sundström on December 19, 1940 at Helsinki railway station in Helsinki, Finland.
Map of the WHO's regional offices and their respective operating regions.
Africa; HQ: Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
Western Pacific; HQ: Manila, Philippines
Eastern Mediterranean; HQ: Cairo, Egypt
South East Asia; HQ: New Delhi, India
Europe; HQ: Copenhagen, Denmark
Americas; HQ: Washington, D.C., US
Ancient malaria oocysts preserved in Dominican amber
The regent duke Charles (later king Charles IX of Sweden) insulting the corpse of Klaus Fleming. Albert Edelfelt, 1878
British doctor Ronald Ross received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1902 for his work on malaria.
Dead bodies can be mummified either naturally, as this one from Guanajuato, or by intention, as those in ancient Egypt
Chinese medical researcher Tu Youyou received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2015 for her work on the antimalarial drug artemisinin.
Gravestones in Kyoto, Japan
Artemisia annua, source of the antimalarial drug artemisinin
All is Vanity by Charles Allan Gilbert is an example of a memento mori, intended to represent how life and death are intertwined
U.S. Marines with malaria in a field hospital on Guadalcanal, October 1942
Santa Muerte, the personification of death in Mexican tradition
Members of the Malaria Commission of the League of Nations collecting larvae on the Danube delta, 1929
Earthworms are soil-dwelling detritivores
1962 Pakistani postage stamp promoting malaria eradication program
A dodo, the bird that became a byword in the English language for the extinction of a species
Malaria clinic in Tanzania
Illustration depicting Hindu beliefs about reincarnation
Child with malaria in Ethiopia
A yahrzeit candle lit in memory of a loved one on the anniversary of the death
World War II poster
Study of Skeletons, c. 1510, by Leonardo da Vinci
Disability-adjusted life year for malaria per 100,000 inhabitants in 2004
no data
<10
0–100
100–500
500–1000
1000–1500
1500–2000
2000–2500
2500–2750
2750–3000
3000–3250
3250–3500
≥3500

In severe cases, it can cause jaundice, seizures, coma, or death.

- Malaria

Its current priorities include communicable diseases, particularly HIV/AIDS, Ebola, COVID-19, malaria and tuberculosis; non-communicable diseases such as heart disease and cancer; healthy diet, nutrition, and food security; occupational health; and substance abuse.

- World Health Organization

Malaria causes about 400–900M cases of fever and 1–3M deaths annually.

- Death

Tobacco smoking killed 100 million people worldwide in the 20th century and could kill 1 billion people around the world in the 21st century, a World Health Organization report warned.

- Death

In areas where malaria is common, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends clinicians suspect malaria in any person who reports having fevers, or who has a current temperature above 37.5 °C without any other obvious cause.

- Malaria

WHO works to "reduce morbidity and mortality and improve health during key stages of life, including pregnancy, childbirth, the neonatal period, childhood and adolescence, and improve sexual and reproductive health and promote active and healthy aging for all individuals".

- World Health Organization
Malaria parasite connecting to a red blood cell

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Scanning electron micrograph of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a species of pathogenic bacteria that cause tuberculosis

Disease

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Particular abnormal condition that negatively affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism, and that is not immediately due to any external injury.

Particular abnormal condition that negatively affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism, and that is not immediately due to any external injury.

Scanning electron micrograph of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a species of pathogenic bacteria that cause tuberculosis
This rash only affects one part of the body, so it is a localized disease.
Regular physical activity, such as riding a bicycle or walking, reduces the risk of lifestyle diseases.
Obesity was a status symbol in Renaissance culture: "The Tuscan General Alessandro del Borro", attributed to Andrea Sacchi, 1645. It is now generally regarded as a disease.

In humans, disease is often used more broadly to refer to any condition that causes pain, dysfunction, distress, social problems, or death to the person affected, or similar problems for those in contact with the person.

The most known and used classification of diseases is the World Health Organization's ICD.

When a disease is caused by a pathogenic organism (e.g., when malaria is caused by Plasmodium), one should not confuse the pathogen (the cause of the disease) with disease itself.