A report on Demerara

The Demerara colony in 1759
(Note this map has East at its top.)
See here for its exact location (6° 48' N 58° 10' W).
2 Joes (or 44 Dutch Guilders), Colonies of Demerary and Essequebo (1830s), second issue.
The Demerara colony in 1759
(Note this map has East at its top.)
See here for its exact location (6° 48' N 58° 10' W).

Historical region in the Guianas on the north coast of South America which is now part of the country of Guyana.

- Demerara

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Essequibo (colony)

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Dutch colony on the Essequibo River in the Guiana region on the north coast of South America from 1616 to 1814.

Dutch colony on the Essequibo River in the Guiana region on the north coast of South America from 1616 to 1814.

Dutch Essequibo in 1800
The ruins of Fort Kyk-Over-Al, which was constructed in 1616
Dutch Essequibo in 1800
Essequibo and Demerara in 1798.
An 1840 map of Gran Colombia, including the Essequibo border.

Essequibo became official British territory on 13 August 1814 as part of the Treaty of London and was merged with the colony of Demerara.

Map of Berbice around 1720.

Berbice

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Region along the Berbice River in Guyana, which was between 1627 and 1815 a colony of the Dutch Republic.

Region along the Berbice River in Guyana, which was between 1627 and 1815 a colony of the Dutch Republic.

Map of Berbice around 1720.
Berbice around 1780.
Berbice and Suriname around 1767.
Map of Berbice around 1740.
Berbice in 1802.

After having been ceded to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in the latter year, it was merged with Essequibo and Demerara to form the colony of British Guiana in 1831.

Guyana

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Country on the northern mainland of South America.

Country on the northern mainland of South America.

Kaieteur Falls is the world's largest single-drop waterfall by volume.
Rupununi Savannah
Satellite image of Guyana from 2004
Anomaloglossus beebei (Kaieteur), specific to the Guianas
The hoatzin is the national bird of Guyana.
A tractor in a rice field on Guyana's coastal plain
A proportional representation of Guyana exports, 2019
Thatched roof houses in Guyana
Guyana's population density in 2005 (people per km2)
A graph showing the population of Guyana from 1961 to 2003. The population decline in the 1980s can be clearly seen.
The State House, Guyana's presidential residence
The Supreme Court of Guyana
Guyana's parliament building since 1834
Map of Guyana, showing the Essequibo River and (shaded dark) the river's drainage basin. Venezuela claims territory up to the western bank of the river. The historical claim by the UK included the river basin well into current-day Venezuela.
Cross-border bridge from Guyana to Brazil near Lethem
St George's Cathedral, Georgetown
Providence Stadium as seen from the East Bank Highway

Although Christopher Columbus was the first European to sight Guyana during his third voyage (in 1498), and Sir Walter Raleigh wrote an account in 1596, the Dutch were the first Europeans to establish colonies: Pomeroon (1581), Essequibo (1616), Berbice (1627), and Demerara (1752).

Arms of alliance of Storm van 's Gravesande (left) and his wife Lumea van Bercheyck (right)

Laurens Storm van 's Gravesande

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Arms of alliance of Storm van 's Gravesande (left) and his wife Lumea van Bercheyck (right)

Laurens Storm van 's Gravesande (12 October 1704 – 14 August 1775) was a Dutch governor of the colonies of Essequibo and Demerara from 1743 to 1772.

British Guiana

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British colony, part of the mainland British West Indies, which resides on the northern coast of South America.

British colony, part of the mainland British West Indies, which resides on the northern coast of South America.

Map of British Guiana in 1908
Illustration of the Demerara rebellion of 1823
British Guiana and its boundary lines, 1896
Stamp with a portrait of King George VI, 1938

The Dutch were the first Europeans to settle there, starting in the early 17th century, when they founded the colonies of Essequibo and Berbice, adding Demerara in the mid-18th century.

Political map of The Guianas, including the Venezuelan (former Spanish Guayana) and the Brazilian (former Portuguese Guiana) Guianas

The Guianas

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Region in north-eastern South America which includes the following three territories:

Region in north-eastern South America which includes the following three territories:

Political map of The Guianas, including the Venezuelan (former Spanish Guayana) and the Brazilian (former Portuguese Guiana) Guianas
Parime Lacus on a map by Hessel Gerritsz (1625). Situated at the west coast of the lake, the so-called city Manoa or El Dorado
Map of the Guianas dated 1888.

Guyana, formerly known as British Guiana from 1831 until 1966, after the colonies of Berbice, Essequibo, and Demerara, taken from the Netherlands in 1814, were merged into a single colony

Demerara-Essequibo

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Map of Demerara-Essequibo following the slave rebellion in 1823, showing the disposition of plantations, Small crosses mark the places where slaves' heads or bodies were displayed
Map of Demerara-Essequibo following the slave rebellion in 1823, showing the disposition of plantations, Small crosses mark the places where slaves' heads or bodies were displayed

The Colony of Demerara-Essequibo was created on 28 April 1812, when the British combined the colonies of Demerara and Essequibo into the colony of Demerara-Essequibo.

Borsselen

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Borsselen (also Borslem) is an island in the Demerara River of Guyana, and was the capital of Demerara between 1755 and 1782.

Court of Policy

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Legislative body in Dutch and British Guiana until 1928.

Legislative body in Dutch and British Guiana until 1928.

The Court of Policy was established in 1732 by the Dutch authorities, at a time when the colonies of Berbice, Demerara and Essequibo were under the control of the Netherlands.

Slaves force the retreat of European soldiers led by Lt Brady.

Demerara rebellion of 1823

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Uprising involving more than 10,000 enslaved people that took place in the colony of Demerara-Essequibo .

Uprising involving more than 10,000 enslaved people that took place in the colony of Demerara-Essequibo .

Slaves force the retreat of European soldiers led by Lt Brady.
Map of Demerara-Essequibo in 1823, inset showing the disposition of plantations as narrow strips along the coast; the position of "Le Resouvenir" plantation
Provisional Battalion lines up for review
Depiction of battle at "Bachelor's Adventure", one of the major confrontations during the rebellion
1823 Demerara map showing the disposition of plantations, Small crosses mark the places where slaves' heads or bodies were displayed

Demerara was first colonised by the Dutch in the 17th century under the auspices of the Dutch West India Company (DWIC).