A report on Opiate, Morphine and Dipropanoylmorphine

A localized reaction to intravenous morphine caused by histamine release in the veins

A chart outlining the structural features that define opiates and opioids, including distinctions between semi-synthetic and fully synthetic opiate structures

Morphine Hydrochloride Ampoule for Veterinary Use

Latex bleeding from a freshly-scored seed pod

Morphine addiction cure advertisement in the year 1900

Morphine biosynthesis in the opium poppy

Chemical structure of morphine. The benzylisoquinoline backbone is shown in green.

Morphine structure showing its standard ring lettering and carbon numbering system.

Same structure, but in a three-dimensional perspective.

First generation production of alkaloids from licit latex-derived opium

Advertisement for curing morphine addiction, c. 1900

An ampoule of morphine with integral needle for immediate use. Also known as a "syrette". From WWII. On display at the Army Medical Services Museum.

Two capsules (5 mg & 10 mg) of morphine sulfate extended- release

Morphine is a pain medication of the opiate family that is found naturally in opium, a dark brown resin in poppies (Papaver somniferum).

- Morphine

Dipropanoylmorphine (Dipropionylmorphine in U.S. English) is an opiate derivative, the 3,6-dipropanoyl ester of morphine.

- Dipropanoylmorphine

The psychoactive compounds found in the opium plant include morphine, codeine, and thebaine.

- Opiate

Nicomorphine (Vilan, morphine dinicotinate), Diamorphine (Heroin, morphine diacetate), dipropanoylmorphine (morphine dipropionate), desomorphine (Permonid, di-hydro-desoxy-morphine), methyldesorphine, acetylpropionylmorphine, dibenzoylmorphine, diacetyldihydromorphine, and several others are also derived from morphine.

- Opiate

Chemical changes to the morphine molecule yield other euphorigenics such as dihydromorphine, hydromorphone (Dilaudid, Hydal), and oxymorphone (Numorphan, Opana), as well as the latter three's methylated equivalents dihydrocodeine, hydrocodone, and oxycodone, respectively; in addition to heroin, there are dipropanoylmorphine, diacetyldihydromorphine, and other members of the 3,6 morphine diester category like nicomorphine and other similar semi-synthetic opiates like desomorphine, hydromorphinol, etc. used clinically in many countries of the world but also produced illicitly in rare instances.

- Morphine

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Opioid

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US. Top line represents the number of benzodiazepine deaths that also involved opioids. Bottom line represents benzodiazepine deaths that did not involve opioids.

INTA: selective agonist of KOR-DOR and KOR-MOR heteromers. Does not recruit β-arrestin II. Antinociceptive devoid of aversion, tolerance, and dependence in mice.

US yearly deaths from all opioid drugs. Included in this number are opioid analgesics, along with heroin and illicit .<ref name=NIDA-deaths/>

US yearly deaths involving other, predominately Fentanyl.<ref name=NIDA-deaths/>

US yearly deaths involving prescription opioids. is a category dominated by illegally acquired fentanyl, and has been excluded.<ref name=NIDA-deaths>Overdose Death Rates. By National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA).</ref>

US yearly overdose deaths involving heroin.<ref name=NIDA-deaths/>

Opioids are substances that act on opioid receptors to produce morphine-like effects.

Opioids include opiates, an older term that refers to such drugs derived from opium, including morphine itself.

Esters of morphine opiates: slightly chemically altered but more natural than the semi-synthetics, as most are morphine prodrugs, diacetylmorphine (morphine diacetate; heroin), nicomorphine (morphine dinicotinate), dipropanoylmorphine (morphine dipropionate), desomorphine, acetylpropionylmorphine, dibenzoylmorphine, diacetyldihydromorphine;