A report on Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, East African Community and Swahili language

Swahili in Arabic script—memorial plate at the Askari Monument, Dar es Salaam (1927)
Although originally written with the Arabic script, Swahili is now written in a Latin alphabet introduced by Christian missionaries and colonial administrators. The text shown here is the Catholic version of the Lord's Prayer.
A caesarean section performed by indigenous healers in Kahura, in the Empire of Kitara (present-day Uganda) as observed by medical missionary Robert William Felkin in 1879. This incident was recorded long before the arrival of the European missionary doctors and clinics. The kingdom performed a highly developed surgical procedure, the first-ever cesarean section technique that saved both the mother and child.
A reconstruction of the ancient King's Palace at Nyanza
From left to right: President Yoweri Museveni of Uganda, President Mwai Kibaki of Kenya, and President Jakaya Kikwete of Tanzania during the eighth EAC summit in Arusha, November 2006.
Swahili in Arabic script on the clothes of a girl in German East Africa (ca. early 1900s)
Flag of the Uganda Protectorate
A 1.8-million-year-old stone chopping tool discovered at Olduvai Gorge and on display at the British Museum.
EAC heads in 2009. From left to right: Yoweri Museveni (Uganda), Mwai Kibaki (Kenya), Paul Kagame (Rwanda), Jakaya Kikwete (Tanzania), Pierre Nkurunziza (Burundi).
Loxodonta africana elephants frolic in Amboseli National Park, Kenya, 2012.
Construction of the Owen Falls Dam in Jinja.
Juvénal Habyarimana, president from 1973 to 1994
Rwandan President Paul Kagame at the 2006 EAC summit. Rwanda joined the EAC on 1 July 2007.
The Uganda printers building on Kampala Road, Kampala, Uganda
A 1572 depiction of the portuguese city of Kilwa, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Human skulls at the Nyamata Genocide Memorial
Three EAC countries border Lake Victoria.
Grey Crowned Crane - a symbol of Uganda.
Rwandan President Paul Kagame
Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa's tallest peak, located in Tanzania.
Belligerents of the Second Congo War. On 19 December 2005, the International Court of Justice found against Uganda, in a case brought by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, for illegal invasion of its territory, and violation of human rights.
Battle during the Maji Maji Rebellion against German colonial rule in 1905.
Chamber of Deputies building
Diani Beach, Kilifi County, Kenya.
Uganda map of Köppen climate classification.
The Arusha Declaration Monument
Provinces of Rwanda
{{flagicon|Burundi}} Burundi
U.S. President George W. Bush met with President Yoweri Museveni in Entebbe, Uganda, 11 July 2003.
Wildebeest migration in the Serengeti
The Kagera and Ruvubu rivers, part of the upper Nile
{{flagicon|Democratic Republic of the Congo}} Democratic Republic of the Congo
Protests in New York City against Uganda's Anti-Homosexuality Bill.
Tanzania map of Köppen climate classification
Lake and volcano in the Virunga Mountains
{{flagicon|Kenya}} Kenya
Graphical depiction of Uganda's product exports in 28 color-coded categories.
The Masai giraffe is Tanzania's national animal
Volcanoes National Park is the home of the largest population of Mountain Gorillas in the world.
{{flagicon|Rwanda}} Rwanda
Change in per capita GDP of Uganda, 1950–2018. Figures are inflation-adjusted to 2011 International dollars.
The semi-autonomous Zanzibar Archipelago
Giraffe in Akagera National Park
{{flagicon|South Sudan}} South Sudan
Coffee fields in southwestern Uganda
Regions of Tanzania
Estimated development of real GDP per capita in Rwanda, since 1950
{{flagicon|Tanzania}} Tanzania
Workers at a textile factory in Jinja
Tanzanian ambassador to Russia Jaka Mwambi presenting his credentials to the Russian President Dmitry Medvedev
Coffee beans drying in Maraba. Coffee is one of Rwanda's major cash crops.
{{flagicon|Uganda}} Uganda
Entebbe International Airport
Tanzanian Embassy in West End, Washington, D.C., USA
Mountain gorillas in Volcanoes National Park
Road to Murchison
FIB Tanzanian special forces during training
Rural water pump
Mobile operators offer money sending, receiving services, bill payments among many more services.
A proportional representation of Tanzania exports, 2019
Rural children
Students in Uganda
Historical development of real GDP per capita in Tanzania, since 1950
Children in a Rwandan primary school, using laptops supplied by the One Laptop Per Child program
Development of life expectancy
Tea fields in Tukuyu
Butaro Hospital at Burera, Northern Province
Rwenzori mountains in Uganda
Nyerere Bridge in Kigamboni, Dar es Salaam
Historical development of life expectancy in Rwanda
An ethnolinguistic map of Uganda
The snowcapped Uhuru Peak
Roman Catholic church in Rwamagana
Cultural celebrations in Northern Uganda
One of the main trunk roads
Traditional Rwandan intore dancers
Woman in Rwenzori – Western Uganda
Zanzibar harbour
Rwandan woven agaseke basket
Mandela National Stadium in Kira Town.
Domestic expenditure on research in Southern Africa as a percentage of GDP, 2012 or closest year. Source: UNESCO Science Report: towards 2030 (2015), Figure 20.3
Adrien Niyonshuti, "one of the most famous people in Rwanda", competing in the cross-country mountain biking event at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Side view of Victoria Nile
A Tanzanian woman cooks Pilau rice dish wearing traditional Kanga.
Topography of Rwanda
Saint Mary's Cathedral Rubaga, is the parent cathedral of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kampala.
Farmers using a rice harvester to harvest rice in Igunga District, Tanzania
Graphical depiction of Rwanda's product exports.
Example of a World Food Programme parcel
Rwanda produced 2.6 million tons of banana in 2019, its largest cash crop.
Researchers (HC) in Southern Africa per million inhabitants, 2013 or closest year
Rwanda electricity production by source
Scientific publications per million inhabitants in SADC countries in 2014. Source: UNESCO Science Report (2015), data from Thomson Reuters' Web of Science, Science Citation Index Expanded
A plate of ugali and cabbage.
The Hadza live as hunter-gatherers.
A carved door with Arabic calligraphy in Zanzibar
Nkrumah Hall at the University of Dar es Salaam
Development of life expectancy
Tanzanian woman harvest tea leaves
Judith Wambura (Lady Jaydee) is a popular Bongo Flava recording singer.
A Tingatinga painting
National Stadium in Dar es Salaam.
St Joseph's Catholic cathedral, Zanzibar
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda in Arusha
East African Legislative Assembly in Arusha
Tanzanian Ngoma group

The East African Community (EAC) is an intergovernmental organisation composed of seven countries in the Great Lakes region of East Africa: the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the United Republic of Tanzania, the Republics of Kenya, Burundi, Rwanda, South Sudan, and Uganda.

- East African Community

The country is bordered to the East by Kenya, to the North by South Sudan, to the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to the south-west by Rwanda, and to the south by Tanzania.

- Uganda

It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands and the Indian Ocean to the east; Mozambique and Malawi to the south; Zambia to the southwest; and Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west.

- Tanzania

Located a few degrees south of the Equator, Rwanda is bordered by Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

- Rwanda

Due to concerted efforts by the government of Tanzania, Swahili is one of three official languages (the others being English and French) of the East African Community (EAC) countries, namely Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda.

- Swahili language

The official languages are English and Swahili, although the Constitution states that "any other language may be used as a medium of instruction in schools or other educational institutions or for legislative, administrative or judicial purposes as may be prescribed by law."

- Uganda

The country does not have a de jure official language, although the national language is Swahili.

- Tanzania

The country is a member of the African Union, the United Nations, the Commonwealth of Nations, COMESA, OIF and the East African Community.

- Rwanda

Kiswahili, English and French are designated as the official languages of the EAC, with Swahili designated for development as the lingua franca of the community.

- East African Community

Uganda is a member of the East African Community (EAC), along with Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan.

- Uganda

Tanzania is a member of many international organizations such as the United Nations (UN), African Union (AU), East African Community (EAC), and Southern African Development Community (SADC) among many others.

- Tanzania

Swahili, the lingua franca of the East African Community, is also spoken by some as a second language, particularly returned refugees from Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of Congo, and those who live along the border with the DRC.

- Rwanda

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Democratic Republic of the Congo

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Country in Central Africa.

Country in Central Africa.

View of Leopoldville Station and Port in 1884
1908 photograph of a married Christian couple.
Force Publique soldiers in the Belgian Congo in 1918. At its peak, the Force Publique had around 19,000 Congolese soldiers, led by 420 Belgian officers.
The leader of ABAKO, Joseph Kasa-Vubu, first democratically elected President of Congo-Léopoldville
Patrice Lumumba, first democratically elected Prime Minister of the Congo-Léopoldville, was murdered by Belgian-supported Katangan separatists in 1961
Mobutu Sese Seko and Richard Nixon in Washington, D.C., 1973.
Mobutu with the Dutch Prince Bernhard in Kinshasa in 1973
Belligerents of the Second Congo War
Refugees in the Congo
People fleeing their villages due to fighting between FARDC and rebel groups, North Kivu, 2012
Government troops near Goma during the M23 rebellion in May 2013
DR Congo's President Félix Tshisekedi with neighbouring Congolese President Denis Sassou Nguesso in 2020; both wear face masks due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
The map of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo map of Köppen climate classification
Ituri Rainforest
Mount Nyiragongo, which last erupted in 2021.
Salonga National Park.
Masisi Territory
Lake Kivu in North Kivu province
Bas-Congo landscape
An Okapi
A male western gorilla
Hippopotami
Joseph Kabila was President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from January 2001 to January 2019.
President Joseph Kabila with U.S. President Barack Obama in August 2014
FARDC soldiers on patrol in Ituri province
A group of demobilized child soldiers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
A proportional representation of Democratic Republic of the Congo exports, 2019
Change in per capita GDP of Congo, 1950–2018. Figures are inflation-adjusted to 2011 International dollars.
Rough diamonds ≈1 to 1.5 mm in size from DR Congo.
DR Congo's Human Development Index scores, 1970–2010.
Collecting firewood in Basankusu.
Train from Lubumbashi arriving in Kindu on a newly refurbished line.
Map of rail network
Major Bantu languages in the Congo
Kongo youth and adults in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
Amani festival in Goma
Family in Rutshuru, North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
The population pyramid of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Our Lady of Peace Cathedral in Bukavu
A classroom in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Development of life expectancy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Population fleeing their villages due to fighting between FARDC and rebels groups, Sake North Kivu 30 April 2012
A Hemba male statue
Stade des Martyrs in Kinshasa.
The Sts. Peter and Paul Cathedral, Lubumbashi

The DRC is located in sub-Saharan Africa, bordered to the northwest by the Republic of the Congo, to the north by the Central African Republic, to the northeast by South Sudan, to the east by Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi, and by Tanzania (across Lake Tanganyika), to the south and southeast by Zambia, to the southwest by Angola, and to the west by the South Atlantic Ocean and the Cabinda exclave of Angola.

It is a member of the United Nations, Non-Aligned Movement, African Union, East African Community, COMESA, Southern African Development Community, and the Economic Community of Central African States.

Approximately 242 languages are spoken in the country, of which four have the status of national languages: Kituba (Kikongo), Lingala, Tshiluba, and Swahili.