A report on Electrical telegraph, Telegraph sounder and Morse code

Cooke and Wheatstone's five-needle telegraph from 1837
Telegraph Sounder
Chart of the Morse code 26 letters and 10 numerals
Morse Telegraph
This Morse key was originally used by Gotthard railway, later by a shortwave radio amateur
Hughes telegraph, an early (1855) teleprinter built by Siemens and Halske
Single needle telegraph instrument
Sömmering's electric telegraph in 1809
Telegraph key and sounder. The signal is "on" when the knob is pressed, and "off" when it is released. Length and timing of the dits and dahs are entirely controlled by the telegraphist.
Revolving alphanumeric dial created by Francis Ronalds as part of his electric telegraph (1816)
Morse code receiver, recording on paper tape
Pavel Schilling, an early pioneer of electrical telegraphy
Comparison of historical versions of Morse code with the current standard. Left: Later American Morse code from 1844. Center: The modified and rationalized version used by Friedrich Gerke on German railways. Right: Current ITU standard.
Diagram of alphabet used in a 5-needle Cooke and Wheatstone Telegraph, indicating the letter G
A U.S. Navy Morse Code training class in 2015. The sailors will use their new skills to collect signals intelligence.
Morse key and sounder
A commercially manufactured iambic paddle used in conjunction with an electronic keyer to generate high-speed Morse code, the timing of which is controlled by the electronic keyer.
GWR Cooke and Wheatstone double needle telegraph instrument
A U.S. Navy signalman sends Morse code signals in 2005.
A magneto-powered Wheatstone A. B. C. telegraph with the horizontal "communicator" dial, the inclined "indicator" dial and crank handle for the magneto that generated the electrical signal.
Cayo Largo Del Sur VOR-DME.
Professor Morse sending the message – WHAT HATH GOD WROUGHT on 24 May 1844
Vibroplex brand semiautomatic key (generically called a "bug"). The paddle, when pressed to the right by the thumb, generates a series of dits, the length and timing of which are controlled by a sliding weight toward the rear of the unit. When pressed to the left by the knuckle of the index finger, the paddle generates a single dah, the length of which is controlled by the operator. Multiple dahs require multiple presses. Left-handed operators use a key built as a mirror image of this one.
Foy–Breguet telegraph displaying the letter "Q"
Representation of Morse code.
Wheatstone automated telegraph network equipment
Graphical representation of the dichotomic search table. The graph branches left for each dot and right for each dash until the character representation is exhausted.
A Baudot keyboard, 1884
Scout movement founder Baden-Powell's mnemonic chart from 1918
Phelps' Electro-motor Printing Telegraph from circa 1880, the last and most advanced telegraphy mechanism designed by George May Phelps
A Creed Model 7 teleprinter in 1930
Teletype Model 33 ASR (Automatic Send and Receive)
Major telegraph lines in 1891
The Eastern Telegraph Company network in 1901
German Lorenz SZ42 teleprinter attachment (left) and Lorenz military teleprinter (right) at The National Museum of Computing on Bletchley Park, England

A telegraph sounder is an antique electromechanical device used as a receiver on electrical telegraph lines during the 19th century.

- Telegraph sounder

Morse code is named after Samuel Morse, one of the inventors of the telegraph.

- Morse code

When a telegraph message comes in it produces an audible "clicking" sound representing the short and long keypresses – "dots" and "dashes" – which are used to represent text characters in Morse code.

- Telegraph sounder

The second category consists of armature systems in which the current activates a telegraph sounder which makes a click.

- Electrical telegraph

At the sending station, an operator would tap on a switch called a telegraph key, spelling out text messages in Morse code.

- Electrical telegraph

By making the two clicks sound different with one ivory and one metal stop, the single needle device became an audible instrument, which led in turn to the Double Plate Sounder System.

- Morse code
Cooke and Wheatstone's five-needle telegraph from 1837

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