A report on Electrical telegraph, Telegraphy and Morse code

Cooke and Wheatstone's five-needle telegraph from 1837
Replica of Claude Chappe's optical telegraph on the Litermont near Nalbach, Germany
Chart of the Morse code 26 letters and 10 numerals
Morse Telegraph
Great Wall of China
This Morse key was originally used by Gotthard railway, later by a shortwave radio amateur
Hughes telegraph, an early (1855) teleprinter built by Siemens and Halske
Schematic of a Prussian optical telegraph (or semaphore) tower, c. 1835
Single needle telegraph instrument
Sömmering's electric telegraph in 1809
19th-century demonstration of the semaphore
Telegraph key and sounder. The signal is "on" when the knob is pressed, and "off" when it is released. Length and timing of the dits and dahs are entirely controlled by the telegraphist.
Revolving alphanumeric dial created by Francis Ronalds as part of his electric telegraph (1816)
Cooke and Wheatstone's five-needle, six-wire telegraph (1837)
Morse code receiver, recording on paper tape
Pavel Schilling, an early pioneer of electrical telegraphy
A Morse key (c. 1900)
Comparison of historical versions of Morse code with the current standard. Left: Later American Morse code from 1844. Center: The modified and rationalized version used by Friedrich Gerke on German railways. Right: Current ITU standard.
Diagram of alphabet used in a 5-needle Cooke and Wheatstone Telegraph, indicating the letter G
An early Cooke and Wheatstone double-needle railway telegraph instrument at the National Railway Museum
A U.S. Navy Morse Code training class in 2015. The sailors will use their new skills to collect signals intelligence.
Morse key and sounder
A block signalling instrument as used in Britain in the 20th century
A commercially manufactured iambic paddle used in conjunction with an electronic keyer to generate high-speed Morse code, the timing of which is controlled by the electronic keyer.
GWR Cooke and Wheatstone double needle telegraph instrument
Australian troops using a Mance mk.V heliograph in the Western Desert in November 1940
A U.S. Navy signalman sends Morse code signals in 2005.
A magneto-powered Wheatstone A. B. C. telegraph with the horizontal "communicator" dial, the inclined "indicator" dial and crank handle for the magneto that generated the electrical signal.
US Forest Service lookout using a Colomb shutter type heliograph in 1912 at the end of a telephone line
Cayo Largo Del Sur VOR-DME.
Professor Morse sending the message – WHAT HATH GOD WROUGHT on 24 May 1844
A Baudot keyboard, 1884
Vibroplex brand semiautomatic key (generically called a "bug"). The paddle, when pressed to the right by the thumb, generates a series of dits, the length and timing of which are controlled by a sliding weight toward the rear of the unit. When pressed to the left by the knuckle of the index finger, the paddle generates a single dah, the length of which is controlled by the operator. Multiple dahs require multiple presses. Left-handed operators use a key built as a mirror image of this one.
Foy–Breguet telegraph displaying the letter "Q"
A Creed Model 7 teleprinter, 1931
Representation of Morse code.
Wheatstone automated telegraph network equipment
Creed paper tape reader at The National Museum of Computing
Graphical representation of the dichotomic search table. The graph branches left for each dot and right for each dash until the character representation is exhausted.
A Baudot keyboard, 1884
The first message is received by the Submarine Telegraph Company in London from Paris on the Foy–Breguet instrument in 1851. The equipment in the background is a Cooke and Wheatstone set for onward transmission.
Scout movement founder Baden-Powell's mnemonic chart from 1918
Phelps' Electro-motor Printing Telegraph from circa 1880, the last and most advanced telegraphy mechanism designed by George May Phelps
The Eastern Telegraph Company network in 1901
A Creed Model 7 teleprinter in 1930
Alexander Bain's facsimile machine, 1850
Teletype Model 33 ASR (Automatic Send and Receive)
Marconi watching associates raising the kite (a "Levitor" by B.F.S. Baden-Powell ) used to lift the antenna at St. John's, Newfoundland, December 1901
Major telegraph lines in 1891
Post Office Engineers inspect the Marconi Company's equipment at Flat Holm, May 1897
The Eastern Telegraph Company network in 1901
Western Union telegram (1930)
German Lorenz SZ42 teleprinter attachment (left) and Lorenz military teleprinter (right) at The National Museum of Computing on Bletchley Park, England
ITT Creed Model 23B teleprinter with telex dial-up facility
An illustration declaring that the submarine cable between England and France would bring those countries peace and goodwill

Morse code is named after Samuel Morse, one of the inventors of the telegraph.

- Morse code

It was the first electrical telecommunications system and the most widely used of a number of early messaging systems called telegraphs, that were devised to communicate text messages more rapidly than by physical transportation. Prior to the electric telegraph, semaphore systems were used, including beacons, smoke signals, flag semaphore, and optical telegraphs for visual signals to communicate over distances of land.

- Electrical telegraph

The electric telegraph started to replace the optical telegraph in the mid-19th century.

- Telegraphy

The Morse system was adopted as the international standard in 1865, using a modified Morse code developed in Germany in 1848.

- Telegraphy

At the sending station, an operator would tap on a switch called a telegraph key, spelling out text messages in Morse code.

- Electrical telegraph

The Morse system for telegraphy, which was first used in about 1844, was designed to make indentations on a paper tape when electric currents were received.

- Morse code
Cooke and Wheatstone's five-needle telegraph from 1837

2 related topics with Alpha

Overall
Samuel Finley Breese Morse, ca 1845 LOC

Samuel Morse

0 links

American inventor and painter.

American inventor and painter.

Samuel Finley Breese Morse, ca 1845 LOC
Birthplace of Morse, Charlestown, Massachusetts, c. 1898 photo
Daguerreotype of Samuel Morse Professor of Art while at NYU in 1839. One of the earliest existing American photographs by Dr John William Draper
Self-portrait of Morse in 1812 (National Portrait Gallery)
Dying Hercules, Morse's early masterpiece
Jonas Platt, New York politician, by Morse. Oil on canvas, 1828, Brooklyn Museum.
The House of Representatives. Oil on canvass, 1822, National Gallery of Art.
Morse maintained a studio at 94 Tradd St., Charleston, South Carolina, for a short period.
Portrait of Marquis de Lafayette
Portrait of Lafayette
Original Samuel Morse telegraph
Leonard Gale, who helped Morse achieve the technological breakthrough of getting the telegraphic signal to travel long distances over wire
Plaque at the first telegraph office
275px
Cover of Foreign Conspiracy Against the Liberties of the United States by Samuel F.B. Morse, 1835 edition
Morse's "repeater" circuit for telegraphy was the basis for the Supreme Court's holding some claims of Morse's patent valid.
Effect of repeaters
Portrait of Samuel F. B. Morse taken by Mathew Brady, in 1866. Medals worn (from wearer's right to left, top row): Nichan Iftikhar (Ottoman); Order of the Tower and Sword (Portugal); Order of the Dannebrog (Denmark); cross of the Order of Isabella the Catholic (Spain); Legion of Honour (France); Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (Italy). Bottom row: Grand cross of the Order of Isabella the Catholic (Spain)
Statue of Samuel F. B. Morse by Byron M. Picket, New York's Central Park, dedicated 1871
Morse was honored on the US Famous Americans Series postal issue of 1940.
Coat of Arms of Samuel Morse
Captain Demaresque of Gloucester, Massachusetts, Princeton University Art Museum
Portrait of John Adams
The Gallery of the Louvre 1831–33
Portrait of James Monroe, 5th President of the United States (c. 1819)
Eli Whitney, inventor, 1822. Yale University Art Gallery
Chart of Colors, drawn to illustrate his palette of colors

After having established his reputation as a portrait painter, in his middle age Morse contributed to the invention of a single-wire telegraph system based on European telegraphs.

He was a co-developer of Morse code and helped to develop the commercial use of telegraphy.

Witnessing various experiments with Jackson's electromagnet, Morse developed the concept of a single-wire telegraph.

A US Army Signal Corps radio operator in 1943 in New Guinea transmitting by radiotelegraphy

Wireless telegraphy

0 links

A US Army Signal Corps radio operator in 1943 in New Guinea transmitting by radiotelegraphy
Amateur radio operator transmitting Morse code
Tesla's explanation in the 1919 issue of "Electrical Experimenter" on how he thought his wireless system would work
Thomas Edison's 1891 patent for a ship-to-shore wireless telegraph that used electrostatic induction
Example of transatlantic radiotelegraph message recorded on paper tape at RCA's New York receiving center in 1920. The translation of the Morse code is given below the tape.
In World War I balloons were used as a quick way to raise wire antennas for military field radiotelegraph stations. Balloons at Tempelhofer Field, Germany, 1908.
Guglielmo Marconi, the father of radio-based wireless telegraphy, in 1901, with one of his first wireless transmitters (right) and receivers (left)
German troops erecting a wireless field telegraph station during World War I
German officers and troops manning a wireless field telegraph station during World War I
Mobile radio station in German South West Africa, using a hydrogen balloon to lift the antenna

Wireless telegraphy or radiotelegraphy is transmission of telegraph signals by radio waves.

In radiotelegraphy, information is transmitted by pulses of radio waves of two different lengths called "dots" and "dashes", which spell out text messages, usually in Morse code.

Beginning about 1908, powerful transoceanic radiotelegraphy stations transmitted commercial telegram traffic between countries at rates up to 200 words per minute.