A report on Emotion and Paul Ekman

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Examples of basic emotions
The emotion wheel.
Two dimensions of emotions. Made accessible for practical use.
Two dimensions of emotion
Illustration from Charles Darwin's The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872)
Simplified graph of James-Lange Theory of Emotion
Timeline of some of the most prominent brain models of emotion in affective neuroscience.

Paul Ekman (born February 15, 1934) is an American psychologist and professor emeritus at the University of California, San Francisco who is a pioneer in the study of emotions and their relation to facial expressions.

- Paul Ekman

For more than 40 years, Paul Ekman has supported the view that emotions are discrete, measurable, and physiologically distinct.

- Emotion
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4 related topics with Alpha

Overall

Oscar Gustave Rejlander portraying disgust in plates from Charles Darwin's The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals

Disgust

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Oscar Gustave Rejlander portraying disgust in plates from Charles Darwin's The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals
The insula of the left side, exposed by removing the opercula. From Henry Gray, Warren Harmon Lewis (1918). Anatomy of the Human Body. Fig. 731

Disgust (Middle French: desgouster, from Latin gustus, "taste") is an emotional response of rejection or revulsion to something potentially contagious or something considered offensive, distasteful, or unpleasant.

It invokes a characteristic facial expression, one of Paul Ekman's six universal facial expressions of emotion.

An actor acting out Drama Masks (Thalia and Melpomene) in 1972.

Facial expression

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One or more motions or positions of the muscles beneath the skin of the face.

One or more motions or positions of the muscles beneath the skin of the face.

An actor acting out Drama Masks (Thalia and Melpomene) in 1972.
A boy displays an angry pout

According to one set of controversial theories, these movements convey the emotional state of an individual to observers.

Ekman's work on facial expressions had its starting point in the work of psychologist Silvan Tomkins.

This picture of Thomas Ward, arrested for stealing a coin, can be seen as showing contempt.

Contempt

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Pattern of attitudes and behaviour, often towards an individual or a group, but sometimes towards an ideology, which has the characteristics of disgust and anger.

Pattern of attitudes and behaviour, often towards an individual or a group, but sometimes towards an ideology, which has the characteristics of disgust and anger.

This picture of Thomas Ward, arrested for stealing a coin, can be seen as showing contempt.
A painting by Louis-Léopold Boilly (ca. 1797). The woman has been interpreted as a prostitute (who is disdaining the inadequate coin proffered by the fashionable gentleman getting his shoes shined at left).
Facial expression of contempt
Facial expression showing subtle contempt

It is classified among Paul Ekman's seven basic emotions of contempt, anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise.

Affective neuroscience

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Affective neuroscience is the study of the neural mechanisms of emotion.

The Ekman faces task is used to measure emotion recognition of six basic emotions.