Emotion and Related Topics

International Affective Picture System

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The International Affective Picture System (IAPS) is a database of pictures designed to provide a standardized set of pictures for studying emotion and attention that has been widely used in psychological research.

Medicine

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Science and practice of caring for a patient, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment, palliation of their injury or disease, and promoting their health.

Elizabeth Blackwell, the first female physician in the United States graduated from SUNY Upstate (1847)

The Hospital of Santa Maria della Scala, fresco by Domenico di Bartolo, 1441–1442

Nurses in Kokopo, East New Britain, Papua New Guinea

Drawing by Marguerite Martyn (1918) of a visiting nurse in St. Louis, Missouri, with medicine and babies

Louis Pasteur, as portrayed in his laboratory, 1885 by Albert Edelfelt

Gynecologist Michel Akotionga of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Medical students learning about stitches

Headquarters of the Organización Médica Colegial de España, which regulates the medical profession in Spain

A 12th-century Byzantine manuscript of the Hippocratic Oath

Statuette of ancient Egyptian physician Imhotep, the first physician from antiquity known by name

Mosaic on the floor of the Asclepieion of Kos, depicting Hippocrates, with Asklepius in the middle (2nd–3rd century)

A manuscript of Al-Risalah al-Dhahabiah by Ali al-Ridha, the eighth Imam of Shia Muslims. The text says: "Golden dissertation in medicine which is sent by Imam Ali ibn Musa al-Ridha, peace be upon him, to al-Ma'mun."

Siena's Santa Maria della Scala Hospital, one of Europe's oldest hospitals. During the Middle Ages, the Catholic Church established universities to revive the study of sciences, drawing on the learning of Greek and Arab physicians in the study of medicine.

Paul-Louis Simond injecting a plague vaccine in Karachi, 1898

Alexander Fleming's discovery of penicillin in September 1928 marks the start of modern antibiotics.

Packaging of cardiac medicine at the Star pharmaceutical factory in Tampere, Finland in 1953.

Psychiatry is the branch of medicine concerned with the bio-psycho-social study of the etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cognitive, perceptual, emotional and behavioral disorders. Related fields include psychotherapy and clinical psychology.

Cognitive science

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Interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes with input from linguistics, psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, computer science/artificial intelligence, and anthropology.

A well known example of a phrase structure tree. This is one way of representing human language that shows how different components are organized hierarchically.

The Necker cube, an example of an optical illusion

An optical illusion. The square A is exactly the same shade of gray as square B. See checker shadow illusion.

Image of the human head with the brain. The arrow indicates the position of the hypothalamus.

An artificial neural network with two layers.

Mental faculties of concern to cognitive scientists include language, perception, memory, attention, reasoning, and emotion; to understand these faculties, cognitive scientists borrow from fields such as linguistics, psychology, artificial intelligence, philosophy, neuroscience, and anthropology.

Theory of constructed emotion

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The theory of constructed emotion (formerly the conceptual act model of emotion ) is a theory in affective science proposed by Lisa Feldman Barrett to explain the experience and perception of emotion.

Affect display

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Affect displays are the verbal and non-verbal displays of affect (emotion).

Stoicism

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School of Hellenistic religion founded by Zeno of Citium in Athens in the early 3rd century BC. It is a philosophy of personal eudaemonic virtue ethics informed by its system of logic and its views on the natural world, asserting that the practice of virtue is both necessary and sufficient to achieve eudaimonia—flourishing by means of living an ethical life.

Antisthenes, founder of the Cynic school of philosophy

Marcus Aurelius, the Stoic Roman emperor

Stoicism teaches the development of self-control and fortitude as a means of overcoming destructive emotions; the philosophy holds that becoming a clear and unbiased thinker allows one to understand the universal reason (logos).

Amygdala

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One of two almond-shaped clusters of nuclei located deep and medially within the temporal lobes of the brain's cerebrum in complex vertebrates, including humans.

Human brain in the coronal orientation. Amygdalae are shown in dark red.

Coronal section of brain through intermediate mass of third ventricle. Amygdala is shown in purple.

Amygdala along with other subcortical regions, in glass brain.

Dorsal view of the amygdala in an average human brain

Frontal view of the amygdala in an average human brain

Left lateral view of the amygdala in an average human brain

thumb|Amygdala highlighted in green on coronal T1 MRI images

thumb|Amygdala highlighted in green on sagittal T1 MRI images

thumb|Amygdala highlighted in green on transversal T1 MRI images

Shown to perform a primary role in the processing of memory, decision making, and emotional responses (including fear, anxiety, and aggression), the amygdalae are considered part of the limbic system.

Destruction of Tyre by John Martin (1840)

Awe

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Wanderer above the Sea of Fog (1818) by German Romantic landscape painter Caspar David Friedrich

The Great Day of His Wrath by John Martin

This Atlanta lightning strike may have inspired awe.

Painting by German Romantic landscape painter Caspar David Friedrich conveying a sense of awe and wonder at a natural sunset

Awe is an emotion comparable to wonder but less joyous.

Contempt

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Pattern of attitudes and behaviour, often towards an individual or a group, but sometimes towards an ideology, which has the characteristics of disgust and anger.