A report on Episodic memory and Explicit memory
Along with semantic memory, it comprises the category of explicit memory, one of the two major divisions of long-term memory (the other being implicit memory).
- Episodic memoryExplicit memory can be divided into two categories: episodic memory, which stores specific personal experiences, and semantic memory, which stores factual information.
- Explicit memory10 related topics with Alpha
Long-term memory
6 linksStage of the Atkinson–Shiffrin memory model in which informative knowledge is held indefinitely.
Stage of the Atkinson–Shiffrin memory model in which informative knowledge is held indefinitely.
Long-term memory is commonly labelled as explicit memory (declarative), as well as episodic memory, semantic memory, autobiographical memory, and implicit memory (procedural memory).
Hippocampus
7 linksMajor component of the brain of humans and other vertebrates.
Major component of the brain of humans and other vertebrates.
Over the years, three main ideas of hippocampal function have dominated the literature: response inhibition, episodic memory, and spatial cognition.
Some researchers regard the hippocampus as part of a larger medial temporal lobe memory system responsible for general declarative memory (memories that can be explicitly verbalized – these would include, for example, memory for facts in addition to episodic memory).
Memory
5 linksFaculty of the mind by which data or information is encoded, stored, and retrieved when needed.
Faculty of the mind by which data or information is encoded, stored, and retrieved when needed.
Declarative, or explicit, memory is the conscious storage and recollection of data.
Under declarative memory resides semantic and episodic memory.
Semantic memory
3 linksSemantic memory refers to general world knowledge that humans have accumulated throughout their lives.
Semantic memory refers to general world knowledge that humans have accumulated throughout their lives.
Semantic memory is distinct from episodic memory, which is our memory of experiences and specific events that occur during our lives, from which we can recreate at any given point.
Semantic memory and episodic memory are both types of explicit memory (or declarative memory), that is, memory of facts or events that can be consciously recalled and "declared".
Temporal lobe
4 linksOne of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the brain of mammals.
One of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the brain of mammals.
Declarative (denotative) or explicit memory is conscious memory divided into semantic memory (facts) and episodic memory (events).
Memory consolidation
4 linksCategory of processes that stabilize a memory trace after its initial acquisition.
Category of processes that stabilize a memory trace after its initial acquisition.
The second process is systems consolidation, occurring on a much larger scale in the brain, rendering hippocampus-dependent memories independent of the hippocampus over a period of weeks to years.
Multiple trace theory (MTT) builds on the distinction between semantic memory and episodic memory and addresses perceived shortcomings of the standard model with respect to the dependency of the hippocampus.
Autobiographical memory
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Autobiographical memory is a memory system consisting of episodes recollected from an individual's life, based on a combination of episodic (personal experiences and specific objects, people and events experienced at particular time and place) and semantic (general knowledge and facts about the world) memory.
It is thus a type of explicit memory.
Recall (memory)
3 linksRecall in memory refers to the mental process of retrieval of information from the past.
Recall in memory refers to the mental process of retrieval of information from the past.
Tulving described episodic memory as a memory about a specific event that occurred at a particular time and place, for example what you got for your 10th birthday.
Memory for how to use objects and perform skills (implicit memory) may remain intact while specific knowledge of personal events or previously learned facts (explicit memory) become inaccessible or lost.
Anterograde amnesia
4 linksLoss of the ability to create new memories after the event that caused amnesia, leading to a partial or complete inability to recall the recent past, while long-term memories from before the event remain intact.
Loss of the ability to create new memories after the event that caused amnesia, leading to a partial or complete inability to recall the recent past, while long-term memories from before the event remain intact.
In most cases of anterograde amnesia, patients lose declarative memory, or the recollection of facts, but they retain nondeclarative memory, often called procedural memory.
Furthermore, the data do not explain the dichotomy that exists in the MTL memory system between episodic memory and semantic memory (described below).
Endel Tulving
1 linksEstonian-born Canadian experimental psychologist and cognitive neuroscientist.
Estonian-born Canadian experimental psychologist and cognitive neuroscientist.
In his research on human memory he proposed the distinction between semantic and episodic memory.
Tulving made a distinction between conscious or explicit memory (such as episodic memory) and more automatic forms of implicit memory (such as priming).