A report on Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium

15th-century illuminated manuscript, Laurentian Library

Incipit page of the first printed edition of the Epistles in the "Tuscan" i.e. Italian version (1494).

Collection of 124 letters that Seneca the Younger wrote at the end of his life, during his retirement, after he had worked for the Emperor Nero for more than ten years.

- Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium

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Ancient bust of Seneca, part of the Double Herm of Socrates and Seneca

Seneca the Younger

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Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, dramatist, and, in one work, satirist, from the post-Augustan age of Latin literature.

Nero and Seneca, by Eduardo Barrón (1904). Museo del Prado

Manuel Domínguez Sánchez, The suicide of Seneca (1871), Museo del Prado

Lodovico Lana, Death of Seneca, National Gallery of Art

First page of the Naturales Quaestiones, made for the Catalan-Aragonese court

Woodcut illustration of the suicide of Seneca and the attempted suicide of his wife Pompeia Paulina

Plato, Seneca, and Aristotle in a medieval manuscript illustration (c. 1325–35)

The "Pseudo-Seneca", a Roman bust found at Herculaneum, one of a series of similar sculptures known since the Renaissance, once identified as Seneca. Now commonly identified as Hesiod

"Seneca", ancient hero of the modern Córdoba; this architectural roundel in Seville is based on the "Pseudo-Seneca" (illustration above)

Baroque marble imaginary portrait bust of Seneca, by an anonymous sculptor of the 17th century. Museo del Prado

His prose works include a dozen essays and one hundred twenty-four letters dealing with moral issues.

Lucilius Junior

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Lucilius Junior (fl.

The information known about Lucilius comes from Seneca's writings, especially his Moral Letters, which are addressed to Lucilius.

Epicurus

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Ancient Greek philosopher and sage who founded Epicureanism, a highly influential school of philosophy.

Allocation of key positions and satrapies following the Partition of Babylon in 323 BC after the death of Alexander the Great. Epicurus came of age at a time when Greek intellectual horizons were vastly expanding due to the rise of the Hellenistic Kingdoms across the Near East.

Reconstruction by K. Fittschen of an Epicurus enthroned statue, presumably set up after his death. University of Göttingen, Abgußsammlung.

Illustration from 1885 of a small bronze bust of Epicurus from Herculaneum. Three Epicurus bronze busts were recovered from the Villa of the Papyri, as well as text fragments.

Marble relief from the first or second century showing the mythical transgressor Ixion being tortured on a spinning fiery wheel in Tartarus. Epicurus taught that stories of such punishment in the afterlife are ridiculous superstitions and that believing in them prevents people from attaining ataraxia.

First-century AD Roman fresco from Pompeii, showing the mythical human sacrifice of Iphigenia, daughter of Agamemnon. Epicurus's devoted follower, the Roman poet Lucretius, cited this myth as an example of the evils of popular religion, in contrast to the more wholesome theology advocated by Epicurus.

The most famous version of the problem of evil is attributed to Epicurus by David Hume (pictured), who was relying on an attribution of it to him by the Christian apologist Lactantius. The trilemma does not occur in any of Epicurus's extant writings, however. If Epicurus did write some version of it, it would have been an argument against divine providence, not the existence of deities.

Bust of Epicurus leaning against his disciple Metrodorus in the Louvre Museum

Dante Alighieri meets Epicurus in his Inferno in the Sixth Circle of Hell, where he and his followers are imprisoned in flaming coffins for having believed that the soul dies with the body, shown here in an illustration by Gustave Doré.

Epicurus is shown among other famous philosophers in the Italian Renaissance painter Raphael's School of Athens (1509–1511). Epicurus's genuine busts were unknown prior to 1742, so early modern artists who wanted to depict him were forced to make up their own iconographies.

The French priest and philosopher Pierre Gassendi is responsible for reviving Epicureanism in modernity as an alternative to Aristotelianism.

An inscription on the gate to The Garden is recorded by Seneca the Younger in epistle XXI of Epistulae morales ad Lucilium: "Stranger, here you will do well to tarry; here our highest good is pleasure."

Letter 47 (Seneca)

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Seneca the Younger's Letter 47 of his Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium, sometimes known as On Master and Slave or On Slavery, is an essayistic look at dehumanization in the context of slavery in ancient Rome.

Derby School

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School in Derby in the English Midlands from 1160 to 1989.

The old schoolhouse in St Peter's
Churchyard

The school at St Helen's House, with the Old Derbeians' war memorial. St Helen's House is on the right and the Pearson Building, known mainly as 'B' block on the left

<center>St Helen's House in 2007</center>

<center>The Old Derbeians' War Memorial</center>

<center>The Pearson Building known as 'B'-Block</center>

<center>The former gym (left) and workshop (right)</center> Demolished September 2017

<center>The Masters. circa 1966. The Chapel at St Helen's House in the background</center>

The school motto, Vita hominis Sine Literis Mors, is a taken from letter number 82 in Seneca the Younger's Epistulae morales ad Lucilium -

Derby Grammar School

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Selective independent school in Littleover near the city of Derby, England.

The motto, Vita Sine Litteris Mors (Life without learning is death), is that of the former school and is a quotation from Seneca's Epistulae morales ad Lucilium.

Publilius Syrus

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Latin writer, best known for his sententiae.

He quotes Syrus in his Moral Epistles to Lucilius in the eighth moral letter, "On the Philosopher's Seclusion" and the ninety-fourth, "On the Value of Advice".

Inscription at the Hermann-Böse-Gymnasium

Non scholae sed vitae

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Latin phrase.

The motto is an inversion of the original, which appeared in Seneca the Younger's Moral Letters to Lucilius around AD 65.