A report on New York (state), New York City and Erie Canal

New Amsterdam, centered in the eventual Lower Manhattan, in 1664, the year England took control and renamed it "New York"
Erie Canal map c. 1840
New York was dominated by Iroquoian (purple) and Algonquian (pink) tribes.
Fort George and the City of New York c. 1731. Royal Navy ships of the line are seen guarding what would become New York Harbor.
Aqueduct over the Mohawk River at Rexford, one of 32 navigable aqueducts on the Erie Canal
New Amsterdam, present-day Lower Manhattan, 1660
Columbia University was founded by royal charter in 1754 under the name of King's College.
The Mohawk Valley, running east and west, cuts a natural pathway (water gap) between the Catskill Mountains to the south and the Adirondack Mountains to the north.
New York and neighboring provinces, by Claude Joseph Sauthier, 1777
The Battle of Long Island, the largest battle of the American Revolution, took place in Brooklyn in 1776.
Profile of the original canal
British general John Burgoyne surrenders at Saratoga in 1777
Broadway follows the Native American Wickquasgeck Trail through Manhattan.
Operations at Lockport, New York, in 1839
1800 map of New York from Low's Encyclopaedia
The current 5 boroughs of Greater New York as they appeared in 1814. Bronx was in Westchester County, Queens County included modern Nassau County, Kings County had 6 towns, one of which was Brooklyn, New York City is shown by hatching in southern New York County on the island of Manhattan, and Richmond County on Staten Island.
Stonework of lock abandoned because of route change, at Durhamville, New York
The Erie Canal at Lockport, New York, in 1839
A construction worker atop the Empire State Building as it was being built in 1930. The Chrysler Building is behind him.
An original five-step lock structure crossing the Niagara Escarpment at Lockport, now without gates and used as a cascade for excess water
Flight 175 hitting the South Tower on September11, 2001
Manhattan's Little Italy, Lower East Side, circa 1900
Erie Canal lock in Lockport, New York
Flooding on AvenueC in Lower Manhattan caused by Hurricane Sandy
The Stonewall Inn in Greenwich Village, a designated U.S. National Historic Landmark and National Monument, as the site of the June 1969 Stonewall riots and the cradle of the modern gay rights movement
1853 map of New York canals emboldened, center: the Erie Canal; other lines: railroads, rivers and county borders
New York is bordered by six U.S. states, two Great Lakes, and the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec.
United Airlines Flight 175 hits the South Tower of the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001.
Lithograph of the Erie Canal at Lockport, New York c. 1855. Published for Herrman J. Meyer, 164 William Street, New York City.
Enveloped by the Atlantic Ocean and Long Island Sound, New York City and Long Island alone are home to about eleven million residents conjointly.
The core of the New York City metropolitan area, with Manhattan Island at its center
Aqueduct over Nine Mile Creek north of Camillus, New York, built in 1841 and abandoned c. 1918; one of 32 navigable aqueducts on the Erie Canal, it has since been restored.
Lake-effect snow is a major contributor to heavy snowfall totals in western New York, including the Tug Hill region.
Upstream view of the downstream lock at Lock 32, Pittsford, New York
Two major state parks (in green) are the Adirondack Park (north) and the Catskill Park (south).
Lower and Midtown Manhattan, as seen by a SkySat satellite in 2017
Map of the "Water Level Routes" of the New York Central Railroad (purple), West Shore Railroad (red) and Erie Canal (blue)
The Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor is a symbol of the United States and its ideals.
Central Park in Winter by Raymond Speers, in Munsey's Magazine, February 1900
Rochester, New York, aqueduct c. 1890
The African Burial Ground National Monument in Lower Manhattan
Flushing Meadows–Corona Park was used in both the 1939 and 1964 New York World's Fair, with the Unisphere as the centerpiece of the latter and which remains today.
Two "low" lift bridges in Lockport, New York, July 2010
Map of the counties in New York
The Statue of Liberty on Liberty Island in New York Harbor is a symbol of the United States and its ideals of freedom, democracy, and opportunity.
The modern Erie Canal has 34 locks, which are painted with the blue and gold colors of the New York State Canal System.
New York population distribution map. New York's population is primarily concentrated in the Greater New York area, including New York City and Long Island.
View of The Pond and Midtown Manhattan from the Gapstow Bridge in Central Park, one of the world's most visited tourist attractions, in 2019
Gateway Harbor in North Tonawanda, about 1000 ft from the present-day western terminus of the Erie Canal where it connects to the Niagara River
The Stonewall Inn in the gay village of Greenwich Village, Lower Manhattan, site of the June 1969 Stonewall riots, the cradle of the modern LGBT rights movement
California sea lions play at the Bronx Zoo, the world's largest metropolitan zoo.
The Old Erie Canal and its towpath at Kirkville, New York, within Old Erie Canal State Historic Park
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A map of racial distribution in New York, 2010 U.S. census. Each dot is 25 people:
Buffalo's Erie Canal Commercial Slip in Spring 2008
The main laboratory building of the IBM Watson Research Center is located in Yorktown Heights, New York.
The landmark Neo-Gothic Roman Catholic St. Patrick's Cathedral, Midtown Manhattan
Erie Canal Lock 18, Cohoes, New York
Times Square in Midtown Manhattan, hub of the Broadway theater district, a media center, and one of the world's busiest pedestrian intersections
Ultra-Orthodox Jewish residents in Brooklyn. Brooklyn has the largest Jewish community in the United States, with approximately 600,000 individuals.
Old Erie Canal State Historic Park, DeWitt, New York
"I Love New York"
The Islamic Cultural Center of New York in Upper Manhattan was the first mosque built in New York City.
The modern single lock at the Niagara Escarpment
CMA CGM Theodore Roosevelt, the largest container ship to enter the Port of New York and New Jersey as of September7, 2017
Ganesh Temple in Flushing, Queens, is the oldest Hindu temple in the Western Hemisphere.
Harris Hall of the City College of New York, a public college of the City University of New York
The New York Stock Exchange, by a significant margin the world's largest stock exchange per market capitalization of its listed companies, at US$23.1 trillion as of April 2018. Pictured is the exchange's building on Wall Street.
Butler Library at Columbia University
The Deutsche Bank Center as viewed from Central Park West
University of Rochester
Times Square is the hub of the Broadway theater district and a media center. It also has one of the highest annual attendance rates of any tourist attraction in the world, estimated at 50 million.
South campus of the University at Buffalo, the flagship of the State University of New York
The I Love New York logo, designed by Milton Glaser in 1977
The New York City Subway is one of the world's busiest, serving more than five million passengers per average weekday.
Rockefeller Center is home to NBC Studios.
Grand Central Terminal in New York City
Times Square Studios, home of Good Morning America
John F. Kennedy Airport in Queens, the busiest international air passenger gateway to the United States
Butler Library at Columbia University, described as one of the most beautiful college libraries in the United States
The New York State Capitol in Albany
The Washington Square Arch, an unofficial icon of both New York University (NYU) and its Greenwich Village neighborhood
New York State Court of Appeals
New York-Presbyterian Hospital, affiliated with Columbia University and Cornell University, the largest hospital and largest private employer in New York City and one of the world's busiest
Kirsten Gillibrand and Chuck Schumer, New York's U.S. Senators
The New York Police Department (NYPD) is the largest police force in the United States.
Kathy Hochul (D), the 57th Governor of New York
Police officers of New York Police Department (NYPD)
Yankee Stadium in The Bronx
The Fire Department of New York (FDNY) is the largest municipal fire department in the United States.
Koppen climate of New York
The Stephen A. Schwarzman Headquarters Building of the New York Public Library, at 5th Avenue and 42nd Street
The fast-paced streets of New York City, January 2020
Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, part of Museum Mile, is one of the largest museums in the world.
Smorgasburg opened in 2011 as an open-air food market and is part of the Brooklyn Flea.
As of 2012, the city had about 6,000 hybrid taxis (shown) in service, the largest number of any city in North America.
New York City Hall is the oldest City Hall in the United States that still houses its original governmental functions.
The New York County Courthouse houses the New York Supreme Court and other offices.
Eric Adams, the current and 110th Mayor of New York City
New York City is home to the two busiest train stations in the U.S., including Grand Central Terminal.
The New York City Subway is the world's largest rapid transit system by number of stations.
The Port Authority Bus Terminal, the world's busiest bus station, at 8th Avenue and 42nd Street
John F. Kennedy Airport in Queens, the busiest international air passenger gateway to the United States
The Staten Island Ferry shuttles commuters between Manhattan and Staten Island.
Yellow medallion taxicabs are widely recognized icons of the city.
8th Avenue, looking northward ("uptown"). Most streets and avenues in Manhattan's grid plan incorporate a one-way traffic configuration.
The George Washington Bridge, connecting Upper Manhattan (background) from Fort Lee, New Jersey across the Hudson River, is the world's busiest motor vehicle bridge.
The growing skyline of Long Island City, Queens (background),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-30/nyc-s-fastest-growing-neighborhood-gets-180-million-investment|title=NYC's Fastest-Growing Neighborhood Gets $180 Million Investment|first=Henry|last=Goldman|date=October 30, 2018|publisher=Bloomberg L.P|access-date=October 30, 2018}}</ref> facing the East River and Manhattan in May 2017
The Grand Concourse in the Bronx, foreground, with Manhattan in the background in February 2018
St. George, Staten Island as seen from the Staten Island Ferry, the world's busiest passenger-only ferry system, shuttling passengers between Manhattan and Staten Island
The Asia gate entrance to the Bronx Zoo, the world's largest metropolitan zoo.
The Spanish Harlem Orchestra. New York City is home to nearly 3 million Latino Americans, the largest Hispanic population of any city outside Latin America and Spain.
The Financial District of Lower Manhattan including Wall Street, the world's principal financial center

New York, often called New York City (NYC) to distinguish it from the State of New York, is the most populous city in the United States.

- New York City

It is often called New York State to distinguish it from its largest city, New York City.

- New York (state)

In effect, the canal accelerated the settlement of the Great Lakes region, the westward expansion of the United States, and the economic ascendency of New York State.

- Erie Canal

The westward connection gave New York City a strong advantage over all other U.S. ports and brought major growth to canal cities such as Albany, Utica, Syracuse, Rochester, and Buffalo.

- Erie Canal

In the early 19th century, New York's development of its interior, beginning with the Erie Canal, gave it incomparable advantages over other regions of the east coast and built its political and cultural ascendancy.

- New York (state)

The 1825 completion of the Erie Canal through central New York connected the Atlantic port to the agricultural markets and commodities of the North American interior via the Hudson River and the Great Lakes.

- New York City

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Hudson River

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The Hudson River Watershed, including the Hudson and Mohawk rivers
The mouth of the Hudson (yellow), located between Jersey City and New York City
The Hudson River flowing out of Henderson Lake in Tahawus
The river from Poughkeepsie, looking north.
The river between Hudson Waterfront in New Jersey (left) and Manhattan (right)
The bulk carrier Nord Angel breaking ice on the Hudson
Robert Havell, Jr., View of the Hudson River from Tarrytown, c. 1866
The Erie Canal in Amsterdam, New York
The George Washington Bridge links Upper Manhattan and Fort Lee, New Jersey
The Hudson Valley Hot-Air Balloon Festival, 2009
US Airways Flight 1549 after landing on the waters of the Hudson River in January 2009
North River by George Bellows, 1908, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
The Norrie Point Environmental Center in Staatsburg, headquarters of the Hudson River National Estuarine Research Reserve
Debris floating on the river near the World Trade Center, 1973
A juvenile house sparrow by the Hudson River

The Hudson River is a 315 mi river that flows from north to south primarily through eastern New York in the United States.

It originates in the Adirondack Mountains of Upstate New York and flows southward through the Hudson Valley to the Upper New York Bay between New York City and Jersey City, eventually draining into the Atlantic Ocean at New York Harbor.

The Hudson was also the eastern outlet for the Erie Canal, which, when completed in 1825, became an important transportation artery for the early 19th century United States.

Albany, New York

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North Pearl Street from Maiden Lane North by James Eights, circa 1805
This 1895 map of Albany shows the gridded block system as it expanded around the former turnpikes.
The steamer Albany departs for New York City; at the height of steam travel in 1884, more than 1.5 million passengers took the trip.
The Albany Lumber District was home to the largest lumber market in the nation in 1865.
Broadway in Albany during the funeral ceremonies for Abraham Lincoln (1865)
The Albany Institute of History & Art
This 1955 map shows the planned expansion of the Interstate Highway System around Albany.
The Albany Pine Bush is the only sizable inland pine barrens sand dune ecosystem in the United States.
Housing in Ten Broeck Triangle, a subset of the Arbor Hill neighborhood
The 1929 Washington Park Lake House replaced a wooden lake house built in 1876.
Lincoln Park is flanked on the north by the Empire State Plaza.
The New York State Capitol
Aerial view of Albany looking northeast
System Administration Building of the State University of New York
This 1789 etching shows the Dutch influence on the architecture of early Albany.
Price Chopper sponsors the annual Fourth of July fireworks show at the Empire State Plaza (2009 show pictured).
An artist paints tulips during the Tulip Fest at Washington Park.
Ten Broeck Mansion is home to the Albany County Historical Association.
Southwest corner of the Cultural Education Center on Empire State Plaza housing the State Museum, Library, and Archives.
Albany High School is the central high school of the City School District of Albany.
State Quad is one of the four iconic dormitory towers at SUNY Albany's Uptown Campus.
One Commerce Plaza
SUNY Polytechnic Institute's College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering embodies Albany's emerging high-tech industry.
Albany City Hall, an 1883 Richardsonian Romanesque structure, is the seat of Albany's government.
The First Church in Albany (Reformed) is the oldest congregation in Upstate New York.
WTEN (headquarters pictured), WXXA, and Spectrum News broadcast from within city limits.
Albany-Rensselaer Amtrak Station
Albany International Airport
The Port of Albany-Rensselaer adds $428 million to the Capital District's $70.1 billion gross product.
Siena guard Ronald Moore dribbles toward the basket in a game against Loyola in January 2010.

Albany is the capital of the U.S. state of New York, also the seat and largest city of Albany County.

Albany is on the west bank of the Hudson River, about 10 mi south of its confluence with the Mohawk River, and about 135 mi north of New York City.

It was the original eastern terminus of the Erie Canal, connecting to the Great Lakes, and was home to some of the earliest railroads in the world.

Satellite image of the Great Lakes, April 24, 2000

Great Lakes

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The Great Lakes, also called the Great Lakes of North America or the Laurentian Great Lakes, are a series of large interconnected freshwater lakes with certain sea-like characteristics in the mid-east region of North America that connect to the Atlantic Ocean via the Saint Lawrence River.

The Great Lakes, also called the Great Lakes of North America or the Laurentian Great Lakes, are a series of large interconnected freshwater lakes with certain sea-like characteristics in the mid-east region of North America that connect to the Atlantic Ocean via the Saint Lawrence River.

Satellite image of the Great Lakes, April 24, 2000
Terra MODIS image of the Great Lakes, January 27, 2005, showing ice beginning to build up around the shores of each of the lakes, with snow on the ground; Green Bay, the North Channel, Saginaw Bay, and Lake St. Clair show complete ice coverage.
Location in North America
A map of the Great Lakes Basin showing the five sub-basins. Left to right they are: Superior (magenta); Michigan (cyan); Huron (green); Erie (yellow); Ontario (orange-red).
Lake Michigan–Huron with north oriented to the right; taken on April 14, 2022 during Expedition 67 of the International Space Station. Green Bay is at the upper left and Saginaw Bay is on the right.
South Bass Island in Lake Erie
Toronto on Lake Ontario is in the eastern section of the Great Lakes Megalopolis
Water levels of Lakes Michigan and Huron in the United States, 1918 to 2019.
The Great Lakes, as photographed from the International Space Station
A diagram of the formation of the Great Lakes
Map of Glacial Lake Algonquin and its Correlatives (USGS 1915)
The location of common lake effect bands on the Great Lakes
Lake sturgeon, the largest native fish in the Great Lakes and the subject of extensive commercial fishing in the 19th and 20th centuries is listed as a threatened species
Cliffs at Palisade Head on Lake Superior in Minnesota near Silver Bay.
A zebra mussel–encrusted vector-averaging current meter from Lake Michigan.
Diatoms of different sizes seen through the microscope. These minuscule phytoplankton are encased within a silicate cell wall.
A woodcut of Le Griffon
The passenger ship (foreground) leaving Chicago, c. 1909
Photograph of Lakes Ontario, Erie and Huron plus the Finger Lakes of upstate New York, June 14, 2012, taken aboard the International Space Station, with lake names added
Escanaba's Ludington Park in Michigan
Various national, state, provincial, and municipal jurisdictions govern the Great Lakes
Satellite image of the Great Lakes taken by the Terra satellite on June 16, 2021
Chicago on Lake Michigan is in the western part of the lakes megalopolis and the site of the waterway linking the lakes to the Mississippi River valley
Detroit on the Detroit River links the region's central metropolitan areas

The lakes are divided among the jurisdictions of the Canadian province of Ontario and the U.S. states of Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York.

Pleasure boats can enter or exit the Great Lakes by way of the Erie Canal and Hudson River in New York.

With these two canals an all-inland water route was provided between New York City and New Orleans.