A report on John Marshall, XYZ Affair and Federalist Party
The diplomats, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, John Marshall, and Elbridge Gerry, were approached through informal channels by agents of the French foreign minister, Talleyrand, who demanded bribes and a loan before formal negotiations could begin.
- XYZ AffairIn what became known as the XYZ Affair, the government of France refused to open negotiations unless the United States agreed to pay bribes.
- John MarshallAfter returning to the United States, Marshall won election to the U.S. House of Representatives and emerged as a leader of the Federalist Party in Congress.
- John MarshallFederalists, who controlled both houses of Congress and held the presidency, took advantage of the national anger to build up the nation's military.
- XYZ AffairAfter losing executive power, they decisively shaped Supreme Court policy for another three decades through Chief Justice John Marshall.
- Federalist PartyAfter an American delegation was insulted in Paris in the XYZ affair (1797), public opinion ran strongly against the French.
- Federalist Party4 related topics with Alpha
Democratic-Republican Party
3 linksAmerican political party founded by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison in the early 1790s that championed republicanism, agrarianism, political equality, and expansionism.
American political party founded by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison in the early 1790s that championed republicanism, agrarianism, political equality, and expansionism.
The party became increasingly dominant after the 1800 elections as the opposing Federalist Party collapsed.
The failure of talks, and the French demand for bribes in what became known as the XYZ Affair, outraged the American public and led to the Quasi-War, an undeclared naval war between France and the United States.
In the final months of his presidency, Adams reached an agreement with France to end the Quasi-War and appointed several Federalist judges, including Chief Justice John Marshall.
Thomas Jefferson
3 linksAmerican statesman, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and Founding Father who served as the third president of the United States from 1801 to 1809.
American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and Founding Father who served as the third president of the United States from 1801 to 1809.
Jefferson and James Madison organized the Democratic-Republican Party to oppose the Federalist Party during the formation of the First Party System.
After Adams's initial peace envoys were rebuffed, Jefferson and his supporters lobbied for the release of papers related to the incident, called the XYZ Affair after the letters used to disguise the identities of the French officials involved.
Jefferson was sworn in by Chief Justice John Marshall at the new Capitol in Washington, D.C. on March 4, 1801.
John Adams
3 linksAmerican statesman, attorney, diplomat, writer, and Founding Father who served as the second president of the United States from 1797 to 1801.
American statesman, attorney, diplomat, writer, and Founding Father who served as the second president of the United States from 1797 to 1801.
He was the only president elected under the banner of the Federalist Party.
Sentiments changed with the XYZ Affair.
The peace commission that Adams appointed consisted of John Marshall, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney and Elbridge Gerry.
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney
3 linksAmerican Founding Father, statesman of South Carolina, Revolutionary War veteran, and delegate to the Constitutional Convention where he signed the United States Constitution.
American Founding Father, statesman of South Carolina, Revolutionary War veteran, and delegate to the Constitutional Convention where he signed the United States Constitution.
He was twice nominated by the Federalist Party as its presidential candidate in 1804 and 1808, losing both elections.
In what became known as the XYZ Affair, the French demanded a bribe before they would agree to meet with the U.S. delegation.
After Pinckney reported this to the recently inaugurated President John Adams in 1797, a commission composed of Pinckney, John Marshall, and Elbridge Gerry was established to treat with the French.