A report on Fibromyalgia

The location of the 19 pain areas for the Widespread Pain Index of fibromyalgia
A woman feeling stress
The location of the nine paired tender points that comprise the 1990 American College of Rheumatology criteria for fibromyalgia
Widespread pain index (WPI) areas
Stress and trauma are strongly linked to fibromyalgia

Medical condition defined by the presence of chronic widespread pain, fatigue, waking unrefreshed, cognitive symptoms, lower abdominal pain or cramps, and depression.

- Fibromyalgia
The location of the 19 pain areas for the Widespread Pain Index of fibromyalgia

40 related topics with Alpha

Overall

Doctor explaining to patient

Medically unexplained physical symptoms

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Medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS or MUS) are symptoms for which a treating physician or other healthcare providers have found no medical cause, or whose cause remains contested.

Medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS or MUS) are symptoms for which a treating physician or other healthcare providers have found no medical cause, or whose cause remains contested.

Doctor explaining to patient
Cognitive behavioral therapy

The term MUPS can also be used to refer to syndromes whose etiology remains contested, including chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, multiple chemical sensitivity and Gulf War illness.

Medical laser for the treatment of rheumatism.

Rheumatology

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Branch of medicine devoted to the diagnosis and therapy of disorders of the immune system.

Branch of medicine devoted to the diagnosis and therapy of disorders of the immune system.

Medical laser for the treatment of rheumatism.

Fibromyalgia

Clouding of consciousness

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Slightly less wakeful or aware than normal.

Slightly less wakeful or aware than normal.

Many people with fibromyalgia experience cognitive problems (known as "fibrofog" or "brainfog"), which may involved impaired concentration, problems with short - and long-term memory, short-term memory consolidation, working memory, impaired speed of performance, inability to multi-task, cognitive overload, and diminished attention span.

A picture of 150 mg tablets of the reversible MAOI drug moclobemide, brand name Aurorix.

Moclobemide

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Reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (RIMA) drug primarily used to treat depression and social anxiety.

Reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (RIMA) drug primarily used to treat depression and social anxiety.

A picture of 150 mg tablets of the reversible MAOI drug moclobemide, brand name Aurorix.

Fibromyalgia, moclobemide has been found to improve pain and functioning in this group of people.

Nabilone

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Synthetic cannabinoid with therapeutic use as an antiemetic and as an adjunct analgesic for neuropathic pain.

Synthetic cannabinoid with therapeutic use as an antiemetic and as an adjunct analgesic for neuropathic pain.

Numerous trials and case studies have demonstrated modest effectiveness for relieving fibromyalgia and multiple sclerosis.

Growth hormone

Growth hormone

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Peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals.

Peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals.

Growth hormone
Main pathways in endocrine regulation of growth

GH has also been used experimentally to treat multiple sclerosis, to enhance weight loss in obesity, as well as in fibromyalgia, heart failure, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, and burns.

A chiropractor performing a vertebral adjustment

Chiropractic

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Many chiropractors, especially those in the field's early history, have proposed that mechanical disorders of the joints, especially of the spine, affect general health, and that regular manipulation of the spine (spinal adjustment) improves general health.

Many chiropractors, especially those in the field's early history, have proposed that mechanical disorders of the joints, especially of the spine, affect general health, and that regular manipulation of the spine (spinal adjustment) improves general health.

A chiropractor performing a vertebral adjustment
A chiropractor performing a vertebral adjustment
Chiropractors use x-ray radiography to examine the bone structure of a patient.
A treatment table at a chiropractic office
A chiropractic adjustment of a horse
A chiropractor performs an adjustment on a patient.
Lumbar, cervical and thoracic chiropractic spinal manipulation
Chiropractic adjustment on children
The charity Sense About Science launched a campaign to draw attention to the BCA legal case against science writer Simon Singh. In 2009, a number of organizations and public figures signed a statement entitled "The law has no place in scientific disputes".
Daniel David (D.D.) Palmer, founder of Chiropractic
B. J. Palmer, early developer of chiropractic
Harvey Lillard, first chiropractic patient

Other. A 2012 systematic review found insufficient low bias evidence to support the use of spinal manipulation as a therapy for the treatment of hypertension. A 2011 systematic review found moderate evidence to support the use of manual therapy for cervicogenic dizziness. There is very weak evidence for chiropractic care for adult scoliosis (curved or rotated spine) and no scientific data for idiopathic adolescent scoliosis. A 2007 systematic review found that few studies of chiropractic care for nonmusculoskeletal conditions are available, and they are typically not of high quality; it also found that the entire clinical encounter of chiropractic care (as opposed to just SM) provides benefit to patients with cervicogenic dizziness, and that the evidence from reviews is negative, or too weak to draw conclusions, for a wide variety of other nonmusculoskeletal conditions, including ADHD/learning disabilities, dizziness, high blood pressure, and vision conditions. Other reviews have found no evidence of significant benefit for asthma, baby colic, bedwetting, carpal tunnel syndrome, fibromyalgia, gastrointestinal disorders, kinetic imbalance due to suboccipital strain (KISS) in infants, menstrual cramps, insomnia, postmenopausal symptoms, or pelvic and back pain during pregnancy. As there is no evidence of effectiveness or safety for cervical manipulation for baby colic, it is not endorsed.

The triangle in the middle represents CBT's tenet that all humans' core beliefs can be summed up in three categories: self, others, future.

Cognitive behavioral therapy

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Psycho-social intervention that aims to reduce symptoms of various mental health conditions, primarily depression and anxiety disorders.

Psycho-social intervention that aims to reduce symptoms of various mental health conditions, primarily depression and anxiety disorders.

The triangle in the middle represents CBT's tenet that all humans' core beliefs can be summed up in three categories: self, others, future.
John B. Watson

It is also effective as part of treatment plans in the adjustment, depression, and anxiety associated with fibromyalgia, and with post-spinal cord injuries.

Sodium oxybate

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Medication used to treat two symptoms of narcolepsy: sudden muscle weakness and excessive daytime sleepiness.

Medication used to treat two symptoms of narcolepsy: sudden muscle weakness and excessive daytime sleepiness.

In 2010 the FDA rejected Jazz' New Drug Application for use of sodium oxybate in fibromyalgia.

Anodal tDCS administration. Anodal (b) and cathodal (c) electrodes with 35-cm2 size are put on F3 and right supraorbital region, respectively. A head strap is used (d) for convenience and reproducibility, and a rubber band (e) for reducing resistance.

Transcranial direct-current stimulation

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Form of neuromodulation that uses constant, low direct current delivered via electrodes on the head.

Form of neuromodulation that uses constant, low direct current delivered via electrodes on the head.

Anodal tDCS administration. Anodal (b) and cathodal (c) electrodes with 35-cm2 size are put on F3 and right supraorbital region, respectively. A head strap is used (d) for convenience and reproducibility, and a rubber band (e) for reducing resistance.
Transcranial electrical stimulation techniques. While tDCS uses constant current intensity, tRNS and tACS use oscillating current. The vertical axis represents the current intensity in milliamp (mA), while the horizontal axis illustrates the time-course.

There is some moderate (level B) evidence to indicate that, in addition to treating major depressive disorder, tDCS may also be appropriate to treat fibromyalgia, and craving disorders.