A report on Fitna (film)

Title card for Fitna
Al-Anfal 60 is shown next to a video of the attacks of September 11.
Ayatollah 'Ali Meshkini speaks at a Friday sermon, declaring "Islam is a religion that wants to rule the world. It has done so before and eventually, will rule it again".
The film's depiction of a girl being strapped down in preparation for female genital mutilation.
An-Nisa 56, translated here as: "Those who have disbelieved our signs, we shall roast them in fire. Whenever their skins are cooked to a turn, we shall substitute new skins for them, that they may feel the punishment; Verily Allah is sublime and wise."

2008 short film by Dutch parliamentarian Geert Wilders.

- Fitna (film)
Title card for Fitna

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Geert Wilders

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Dutch politician who has led the Party for Freedom (Partij voor de Vrijheid – PVV) since he founded it in 2006.

Dutch politician who has led the Party for Freedom (Partij voor de Vrijheid – PVV) since he founded it in 2006.

Wilders started off his political development under his mentor, Frits Bolkestein.
Krisztina and Geert Wilders on Prinsjesdag in 2014
Wilders (right) with the leaders of VVD and CDA following the 2010 election.

His controversial 2008 film featuring his views on Islam, Fitna, received international attention and extreme criticism.

Party for Freedom

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Nationalist, right-wing populist political party in the Netherlands.

Nationalist, right-wing populist political party in the Netherlands.

Geert Wilders (left) with other politicians at the final television debate before the 2006 Dutch general election
Geert Wilders in 2007
Maxime Verhagen (left) and Mark Rutte (center) are presenting the coalition agreement with support of the PVV of Geert Wilders (right) in 2010
Distribution of the people that voted for the Party for Freedom in 2010
Geert Wilders speaking at a Lega Nord event in 2013
Geert Wilders during the campaign for the 2017 general election
On André Krouwel's map of the Dutch political spectrum in 2012, the Party for Freedom is conservative on the socio-cultural axis, and centrist on the socio-economic axis.

In 2008, the Friends of the Party of Freedom commissioned a producer, who acted under the name of "Scarlet Pimpernel Productions", a pseudonym adopted out of fear of reprisal, to produce Fitna (فِتْنَةٌ), a short film by Geert Wilders.

International reactions to Fitna

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The international reaction to Fitna consisted of condemnation from Muslims, several fatwa against Geert Wilders, and attempts by many Islamic countries to censor the film.

Mevlana Mosque in Rotterdam

Islam in the Netherlands

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Second largest religion in the Netherlands, after Christianity, and is practised by 5% of the population according to 2018 estimates.

Second largest religion in the Netherlands, after Christianity, and is practised by 5% of the population according to 2018 estimates.

Mevlana Mosque in Rotterdam
Share of Muslims as of 2004
Westermoskee is the largest mosque in the Netherlands
A mosque in The Hague

In the years after 2006 radical activities diminished despite continued military presence by Dutch forces in Afghanistan and material deemed provocative by Muslims, such as Geert Wilder's film Fitna.

Westergaard in 2015

Kurt Westergaard

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Danish cartoonist.

Danish cartoonist.

Westergaard in 2015

Following the release of Dutch politician Geert Wilders' film Fitna in 2008, which used Westergaard's cartoon without permission, Westergaard made a cartoon depicting Wilders with a bomb and a sign which reads: "Danger! Freedom of expression".

The controversial cartoons of Muhammad, as they were first published in Jyllands-Posten in September 2005 (English version). The headline, Muhammeds ansigt, means "The face of Muhammad".

Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy

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The Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy (or Muhammad cartoons crisis, Muhammedkrisen) began after the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten published 12 editorial cartoons on 30 September 2005, most of which depicted Muhammad, a principal figure of the religion of Islam.

The Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy (or Muhammad cartoons crisis, Muhammedkrisen) began after the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten published 12 editorial cartoons on 30 September 2005, most of which depicted Muhammad, a principal figure of the religion of Islam.

The controversial cartoons of Muhammad, as they were first published in Jyllands-Posten in September 2005 (English version). The headline, Muhammeds ansigt, means "The face of Muhammad".
This picture of a French pig-squealing contestant was unrelated to the Muhammed drawings, but was included in the imams' dossier. Original caption included in the dossier: "Her er det rigtige billede af Muhammed", meaning "Here is the real image of Muhammad."
An example of one of the banners being posted across the web to encourage support for Danish goods.
Muhammad rededicating the Kaaba Black Stone, found in the Jami' al-tawarikh by Rashid Al-Din, at the University of Edinburgh library; c. 1315
El Fagr's 17 October 2005 headline page.

Fitna, 2008 Dutch film about Islam, which led to worldwide Muslim protests and a hate speech trial

Moslim Democratische Partij logo

Arab European League

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Pan-Arabist political organisation active in Belgium and the Netherlands.

Pan-Arabist political organisation active in Belgium and the Netherlands.

Moslim Democratische Partij logo

The organization also responds to issues of concern to Muslims, as with its creation of a short film Al Mouftinoun in response to the film Fitna.

Parliamentary portrait, 2019

Malcolm Pearson, Baron Pearson of Rannoch

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British businessman and former Leader of the UK Independence Party (UKIP).

British businessman and former Leader of the UK Independence Party (UKIP).

Parliamentary portrait, 2019

In February 2009, Lord Pearson and cross-bencher Baroness Cox invited the Dutch Freedom Party leader, Geert Wilders, to show the anti-Islam film Fitna before the House of Lords.

Salah Edin

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Dutch Moroccan ex-rapper and actor.

Dutch Moroccan ex-rapper and actor.

Politician Geert Wilders (of the PVV) used a photograph of Edin for his 2008 film Fitna which was critical of the spread of Islam in Europe and worldwide.

Mahmoud Asgari and Ayaz Marhoni being prepared for execution by hanging.

Mahmoud Asgari and Ayaz Marhoni

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Mahmoud Asgari, and Ayaz Marhoni , were Iranian teenagers from the province of Khorasan who were publicly hanged on July 19, 2005.

Mahmoud Asgari, and Ayaz Marhoni , were Iranian teenagers from the province of Khorasan who were publicly hanged on July 19, 2005.

Mahmoud Asgari and Ayaz Marhoni being prepared for execution by hanging.

A photograph of the teens' execution has been used for various purposes: Dutch right-wing political figure Geert Wilders used it in his short film Fitna as a warning of what would happen to gays in a dystopian future in which Muslims rule the Netherlands, and it has been misrepresented in social media as Palestinians rather than Iranians hanging homosexuals.