A report on Tax and Flat tax

Total revenue from direct and indirect taxes given as share of GDP in 2017

Pieter Brueghel the Younger, The tax collector's office, 1640

Substitution effect and income effect with a taxation on y good.

Budget's constraint shift after an introduction of a lump sum tax or a general tax on consumption or a proportional income tax.

The Laffer curve. In this case, the critical point is at a tax rate of 70%. Revenue increases until this peak, then it starts decreasing.

General government revenue, in % of GDP, from social contributions. For this data, the variance of GDP per capita with purchasing power parity (PPP) is explained in 20% by social contributions revenue.

Egyptian peasants seized for non-payment of taxes. (Pyramid Age)

Public finance revenue from taxes in % of GDP. For this data, the variance of GDP per capita with purchasing power parity (PPP) is explained in 32% by tax revenue.

Diagram illustrating deadweight costs of taxes

A flat tax (short for flat-rate tax) is a tax with a single rate on the taxable amount, after accounting for any deductions or exemptions from the tax base.

- Flat tax

Some levy a flat percentage rate of taxation on personal annual income, but most scale taxes are progressive based on brackets of annual income amounts.

- Tax

5 related topics with Alpha

Average tax rates by income groups in France, the United Kingdom, and the United States, 1970 (left) and 2005 (right). Taxes were more progressive in 1970 than in 2005.

Progressive tax

2 links

A caricature of William Pitt the Younger collecting the newly introduced income tax.

German marginal and average income tax rates display a progressive structure.

"Tax The Rich" banner at an International Union of Socialist Youth campaign for a financial transaction tax.

The function which defines the progressive approach to an income tax, may be mathematically defined as a piecewise function. In every piece (tax bracket), it must be computed cumulatively, considering the taxes which had already been computed to the previous tax brackets. Pictured is the effective income tax for Portugal in 2012 and 2013.

Distribution of US federal taxes from 1979 to 2013, based on CBO Estimates.

A progressive tax is a tax in which the tax rate increases as the taxable amount increases.

The act was signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln, and replaced the Revenue Act of 1861, which had imposed a flat income tax of 3% on incomes above $800.

Tax rate

2 links

In a tax system, the tax rate is the ratio (usually expressed as a percentage) at which a business or person is taxed.

With a flat tax, by comparison, all income is taxed at the same percentage, regardless of amount.

Proportional tax

1 links

A proportional tax is a tax imposed so that the tax rate is fixed, with no change as the taxable base amount increases or decreases.

Flat taxes are defined as levying a fixed (“flat”) fraction of taxable income.

Income tax

1 links

William Pitt the Younger introduced a progressive income tax in 1798.

Punch cartoon (1907); illustrates the unpopularity amongst Punch readers of a proposed 1907 income tax by the Labour Party in the United Kingdom.

General government revenue, in % of GDP, from personal income taxes. For this data, the variance of GDP per capita with purchasing power parity (PPP) is explained in 27 % by tax revenue

An income tax is a tax imposed on individuals or entities (taxpayers) in respect of the income or profits earned by them (commonly called taxable income).

The tax systems vary greatly and can be progressive, proportional, or regressive, depending on the type of tax.